ar

Clipping of English Arabic.

ar

1. (international standards) ISO 639-1 language code for Arabic.

• Wiktionary’s coverage of Arabic terms

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /ˈɑː/
• (General American) IPA^(key): /ˈɑɹ/
• (Ireland) IPA^(key): /ˈaɹ/, /ˈäːɹ/
• (African-American Vernacular) IPA^(key): /ˈɑɹə/

• Audio (US):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɑː, -ɑɹ, -ɔɹ, -ɑɹə

From Middle English *ar, arres pl, from earlier *er.^[1]

ar (plural ars)

2. The name of the Latin script letter R/r.

   All the ars in the inscription.

   • 2004, Will Rogers, The Stonking Steps, page 170:

     I have drunk en-ee-cee-tee-ay-ar from the ef-ell-oh-doubleyou-ee-ar-ess in his gee-ay-ar-dee-ee-en many a time.

   • 2016 CCEB, Communications Instructions Radiotelephone Procedures: ACP125 (G), p. 3-5

     RV [is spoken] as "ar-vee" instead of "I SPELL Romeo Victor".

• → Malay: ar
• → Tagalog: ar

• (Latin-script letter names) letter; a, bee, cee, dee, e, ef, gee, aitch, i, jay, kay, el, em, en, o, pee, cue, ar, ess, tee, u, vee, double-u, ex, wye, zee / zed

ar

1. (UK, West Country, West Midlands) Alternative form of arr.

• oh ar

ar

1. (UK, West Country, West Midlands) Alternative form of arr.

ar

1. Obsolete spelling of are.
   • 1570, Roger Ascham, The Scholemaster:

     But commonlie, the fairest bodies, ar bestowed on the foulest purposes.

ar

1. (Manglish, Singlish) Alternative form of ah (question particle).

• 'RA, 'Ra, ra, RA, Ra

• IPA^(key): /ar/

ar class V gender m

1. straight swamp tree

• SIL International (2020), “Abau Dictionary”, in Webonary.org‎^[1]

ar

1. Pometia pinnata

• ār (NW Gheg)^[1]

Borrowed through Vulgar Latin from Latin aurum (“gold”).^[2][3] Considering the rendering of Latin au- as Albanian ā-, it is a relatively archaic borrowing. Although Arbëresh dialects preserve the original Latin neuter, in standard Albanian it is masculine.

• IPA^(key): /aɾ/

• Audio:

  (file)

ar m (definite ari)^[4]

1. (chemistry) gold

   Synonyms: flori, dukat

   • 1555, Gjon Buzuku, Meshari:

     Të provuomitë e fesë saj të jetë mā e pāçmuome se ari.

     The temptations of her religion are more precious than (the) gold.

2. (figurative) treasure, gem

   Synonym: thesar

3. golden thread

ar (feminine are)

1. golden

   Synonyms: artë, flori

   Ai/ajo e ka zemrën ar. ― He/she has a golden heart.

2. (figurative) precious

   Synonym: çmueshëm

3. (figurative) yellow; white, bright

   Synonyms: verdhë, lylc, bardhë, ndritshëm

4. (figurative) blonde, bright, light (hair)

   Synonym: biond

Probably via French are (“are”).

• IPA^(key): /aɾ/

ar m (plural arë, definite ari, definite plural arët)^[5]

1. are (unit of area; abbrev. a)

   (metric unit of measure:) 1 a = 100 (m²) square meters = ~119.6 square yards

   Synonym: a (abbrev.)

• aru

From Latin arō. Compare Daco-Romanian ara, ar.

ar (third-person singular arã, participle aratã)

1. to plough

Borrowed from Arabic عَار (ʕār).

• IPA^(key): /ɑr/

• Audio (Baku):

  (file)

ar (definite accusative arı, plural arlar)

1. feeling of shame

• utanma, abır, həya

• arlanmaq
• arsız
  • arsızcasına
  • arsızlıq

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

• IPA^(key): /ar/ [ar]

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ar
• Hyphenation: ar

ar inan or anim

1. male

   Antonym: eme

• “ar”, in Euskaltzaindiaren Hiztegia [Dictionary of the Basque Academy] (in Basque), Euskaltzaindia [Royal Academy of the Basque Language]
• “ar”, in Orotariko Euskal Hiztegia [General Basque Dictionary], Euskaltzaindia, 1987–2005

ar

1. the

• an
• al

From Proto-Central Naga *hrəj.

The monosyllable ar is inferred from Gowda and Bruhn. Clark, on the other hand, reports a disyllabic arer.

• IPA^(key): /aɾ˥/, [aɾ˥]

ar

1. to sew, stitch

• Bruhn, Daniel Wayne (2014), A Phonological Reconstruction of Proto-Central Naga‎^[2], Berkeley: University of California, pages 91, 210
• Gowda, K. S. Gurubasave (1985), Ao-English-Hindi Dictionary, Mysore: Central Institute of Indian Languages, page 17
• Clark, Mary M. (1893), Ao Naga grammar with illustrative phrases and vocabulary, Molung: Assam Secretariat Printing Office, page 158

ar

1. third person plural general possessive; their

From Middle High German ahorn, from Old High German ahorn. Cognate with German Ahorn.

ar m

1. (Luserna) maple, maple tree

• aorn (Sette Comuni)

• Patuzzi, Umberto, ed., (2013) Luserna / Lusérn: Le nostre parole / Ünsarne börtar / Unsere Wörter [Our Words], Luserna, Italy: Comitato unitario delle isole linguistiche storiche germaniche in Italia / Einheitskomitee der historischen deutschen Sprachinseln in Italien

ar

1. (Sette Comuni) short for èar (“he”)

   Ar khimmet lóofanten.

   He comes running.

• “ar” in Martalar, Umberto Martello; Bellotto, Alfonso (1974), Dizionario della lingua Cimbra dei Sette Communi vicentini, 1st edition, Roana, Italy: Instituto di Cultura Cimbra A. Dal Pozzo

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

ar m (plural arow)

1. tillage, tilth (the land itself)
2. arable field, open arable land (after reaping, before ploughing; ready for ploughing)

   Synonyms: arys, gwel, tir arader

• “ar” in Cornish Dictionary / Gerlyver Kernewek, Akademi Kernewek.

From French are, created during the French Revolution as a learned formation from Latin area, a piece of level ground.^[1]

• IPA^(key): /ar/

ar m inan

1. are (unit of area equal to 100 square metres)

• “ar”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
• “ar”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989

• IPA^(key): /ɑːr/, [ɑːˀ]
• Rhymes: -aːˀr

From Old Norse ørr.

ar n (singular definite arret, plural indefinite ar)

1. scar
2. (slang) mouth

ar

1. imperative of arre

From French are, from Latin ārea (“open space”).

ar c (singular definite aren, plural indefinite ar)

1. are (square decametre, 100 m²)

• ar on the Danish Wikipedia.Wikipedia ^da
• Ar (sår) on the Danish Wikipedia.Wikipedia ^da

• IPA^(key): /ɑr/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Hyphenation: ar
• Rhymes: -ɑr

From Middle Dutch arre, erre, irre, from Old Dutch *irri, from Proto-Germanic *irzijaz.

ar (comparative arder, superlative arst)

1. (obsolete) angry, furious
2. (archaic) sorry, sad, regrettable

• in arren moede

Back-formation from arrenslee (see there for further etymology).

ar m or f (plural arren, diminutive arretje n)

1. (obsolete) sledge

• arrenslee

Compare German er.

ar

1. (Erzgebirgisch) he

• Hendrik Heidler (11 June 2020), Hendrik Heidler's 400 Seiten: Echtes Erzgebirgisch: Wuu de Hasen Hoosn haaßn un de Hosen Huusn do sei mir drhamm: Das Original Wörterbuch: Ratgeber und Fundgrube der erzgebirgischen Mund- und Lebensart: Erzgebirgisch – Deutsch / Deutsch – Erzgebirgisch‎^[3] (in German), 3. geänderte Auflage edition, Norderstedt: BoD – Books on Demand, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 17

• IPA^(key): /ˈaɾ/ [ˈaɾ]
• Rhymes: -aɾ

From Old Galician-Portuguese aar, from an older aere, from Latin aēr.

• aire

ar m (plural ares)

1. air

Unknown.

ar

1. (archaic) furthermore, in addition
2. (archaic) never

• Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “ar”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “ar”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “ar”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN

• IPA^(key): /ʔár/
  • (Standard Kano Hausa) IPA^(key): [ʔár]
• Hyphenation: ar̃

ar̃

1. damn it

From a conflation of three Old Irish prepositions:

1. ar (“for”) (triggering lenition), from Proto-Celtic *ɸare (“in front of”), from Proto-Indo-European *pr̥h₂i. Cognates include Ancient Greek παρά (pará, “beside”) and English fore.
2. for (“on”) (triggering no mutation), from Proto-Celtic *uɸer (“over, on”) (compare Welsh ar, Breton war), from Proto-Indo-European *upér (compare Latin super, Ancient Greek ὑπέρ (hupér), Old English ofer).
3. íar (“after”) (triggering eclipsis), from Proto-Celtic *eɸirom (“after, behind”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁epi.

Cognates include Manx er and Scottish Gaelic air.

The pronunciation is taken from the third-person singular masculine inflected form air, although the spellings remain distinct in the standard language.

• IPA^(key): /ɛɾʲ/^[1]

ar (plus dative, triggers no mutation in general references but lenition in qualified or particularized references, triggers eclipsis in a few fixed expressions)

1. on
2. Used with a variety of nouns to indicate feelings and minor medical conditions

   Tá áthas orm.

   I am glad.

   (literally, “Joy is on me.”)

   Tá ocras orm.

   I am hungry.

   (literally, “Hunger is on me.”)

   Tá slaghdán orm.

   I have a cold.

   (literally, “A cold is on me.”)

3. Used with a verbal noun to indicate a state

   ar crith ― trembling

   ar foluain ― hovering

   ar díol ― for sale

4. upon (with a verbal noun plus personal form of do indicating the subject of the verb)

   ar éirí dom ― when I get/got up; upon my rising

5. upon (with a (“his, her, their”)—indicating the subject of an intransitive verb or the object of a transitive verb—plus verbal noun to indicate completion of an action)

   ar a theacht / arna theacht ― when he comes/came; on his coming

   ar a chríochnú dom / arna chríochnú dom ― when I (had) completed it; upon my completion of it

6. (in conjunction with the verb bí) must, have to

   Bhí orainn anailís a dhéanamh ar bhlúirí a bhí bainte as téacs.

   We had to analyse fragments abstracted from a text.

See also: Category:Irish phrasal verbs formed with "ar"

an +‎ -r

ar (triggers lenition except of past autonomous forms; used only in the past tense of regular and some irregular verbs)

1. Used to form direct and indirect questions

   Ar chuala tú mé? ― Did you hear me?

   Níl a fhios agam ar chas sé an t-amhrán. ― I don’t know if/whether he sang the song.

   Ar ól an cat an bainne? ― Did the cat drink the milk?

   Ar cuireadh an síol? ― Was the seed sown?

2. Used to form direct and indirect copular questions; used before consonants

   Ar mhúinteoir tú? ― Were you a teacher?

• an (used with non-past tenses and in the past tense of some irregular verbs)

ar (copular form used before consonants and nouns beginning with vowels; triggers lenition in the past/conditional)

1. Introduces an indirect relative clause; present/future tense

   an fear ar múinteoir a mhac ― the man whose son is a teacher

   an fear ar iascaire a mhac ― the man whose son is a fisherman

2. Introduces an indirect relative clause; past/conditional tense

   an fear ar mhúinteoir a mhac ― the man whose son was a teacher

3. Introduces a direct or indirect interrogative; past/conditional tense

   Ar mhaith leat cupán tae?

   Would you like a cup of tea?

   Níl a fhios agam ar mhaith léi cupán tae.

   I don’t know if she would like a cup of tea.

a +‎ -r

ar (triggers lenition except of past autonomous forms; used only in the past tense of regular and some irregular verbs)

1. Introduces an indirect relative clause

   an chathaoir ar shuigh an gasúr air ― the chair the boy sat on

   an cailín ar ól a cat an bainne ― the girl whose cat drank the milk

   an gort ar cuireadh an síol ann ― the field the seed was sown in

• a (used with non-past tenses and with the past of some irregular verbs)

ar (triggers lenition except of past autonomous forms; used only in the past tense of regular and some irregular verbs)

1. all that, whatever

   Sin ar chonnaic mé ann.

   That’s all that I saw there.

   Ar thuig tú ar canadh?

   Did you understand all that was sung?

   Cheannaigh mé ar íoc tú as.

   I bought whatever you paid for.

• a (form used with non-past tenses and with the past of some irregular verbs)

From Middle Irish ol, from Old Irish ol.

ar (used only with 3rd-person pronouns, usually emphatic)

1. said, says

   “Tar isteach,” ar seisean.

   “Come in,” he said.

   “Ní thuigim,” ar sise.

   “I don’t understand,” she says.

   “Cén fáth?” ar siadsan.

   “Why?” they said.

• Some grammar books prescribe that arsa is to be used only with first- and second-person pronouns (as well as with nouns), while ar is to be used with third-person pronouns. In practice, however, arsa seisean (“said he”), arsa sise (“said she”) and arsa siadsan (“said they”) are all widely used.

• arsa

Old Irish ar (“ploughing, ploughed land”), verbal noun of airid (“to plough”).

ar m (genitive singular air)

1. (literary, agriculture) verbal noun of air (“plough”)
2. (literary, agriculture) tillage

• Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977), “ar”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla [Irish–English Dictionary], Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
• de Bhaldraithe, Tomás (1959), “ar”, in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm
• “ar”, in New English-Irish Dictionary, Foras na Gaeilge, 2013–2026

• IPA^(key): /ˈar/
• Rhymes: -ar
• Hyphenation: àr

ar

1. (Romanesco) alternative form of al

Derived from English or.

ar

1. or
   • 2023, Yuunivorshal Deklarieshan a Yuuman Raits, United Nations, Aatikl 17:

     Evribadi av di rait fi uon prapati bai demself ar wid ada piipl.

     Everyone has the right to own property alone as well as in association with others.

     (literally, “Everybody have the right to own property by themselves or with other people.”)

ar

1. her
   • 2012, Di Jamiekan Nyuu Testiment, Edinburgh: DJB, published 2012, →ISBN, Maak 7:30:

     Wen shi riich uom shi si ar pikni lai dong pan ar bed an di diiman gaan outa ar.

     She went home and found the child lying on the bed, the demon gone.

     (literally, “When she went home she saw her child lying on the bed and the demon had gone out of her.”)

• ar at majstro.com

From Sanskrit आरा (ārā), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁óleh₂ (“awl”). Cognate with German Ahle, English awl.

ar

1. awl

Khasi cardinal numbers

<  1	2	3  >
Cardinal : ar

From Proto-Khasian *ʔaːr, from Proto-Austroasiatic *ɓaːr. Cognate with Pnar ar, Blang lál, Bahnar ʼbar, Khmer ពីរ (pii), Vietnamese hai, Santali ᱵᱟᱨ (bar).

ar

1. two

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *ár. Cognates include Latvian ar (“with”) and dialectal Lithuanian ar (“and”).

• IPA^(key): [ˈâr]
• Hyphenation: ar

ar (+ instrumental)

1. with

• Nicole Nau (2011), A short grammar of Latgalian, München: LINCOM GmbH, →ISBN

From Proto-Indo-European *h₂er- Cognate with Lithuanian ar (“whether, if, and”), Ancient Greek ἄρα (ára, “then”).

ar (with instrumental)

1. with

ar

1. inflection of art:
   1. second/third-person singular present indicative
   2. third-person plural present indicative
   3. second-person singular imperative
2. (with the particle lai) third-person singular imperative of art
3. (with the particle lai) third-person plural imperative of art

• er

From Proto-Indo-European *h₂er- (“thus, so”), thought to be a specialized conjunctional usage of the Proto-Indo-European root's usual "to fit" meaning. Cognate with Latvian ar (“whether, if, with”), Ancient Greek ἄρα (ára, “then”).^[1][2]

ar̃

1. (interrogative) whether, if
2. or

   Nežinau, ar tai tiesa, ar ne. ― I don't know whether that is true or not.

3. (dialectal) and

ar̃

1. precedes an interrogative sentence

   Ar norite valgyti? ― Do you want to eat?

Although commonly placed at the start of a sentence to form a yes/no question, it is not necessary to use ar to form such a question. Intonation alone can accomplish that. Additionally, there are other particles that can be used for the same purpose: ar̃gi, bè, benè, gál, kaži̇̀n, nègi, nejaũ, nejaũgi.

• czy (word with the same function in Polish, which has significant historical presence in Lithuania)

• “ar”, in Lietuvių kalbos žodynas [Dictionary of the Lithuanian language], lkz.lt, 1941–2026
• “ar”, in Dabartinės lietuvių kalbos žodynas [Dictionary of contemporary Lithuanian], ekalba.lt, 1954–2026

From Proto-Finnic *hara.

• IPA^(key): /ˈɑˀr/, [ˈɑˀr]

a’r

1. branch
2. direction

• Tiit-Rein Viitso; Valts Ernštreits (2012–2013), “a’r”, in Līvõkīel-ēstikīel-lețkīel sõnārōntõz [Livonian-Estonian-Latvian Dictionary]‎^[4] (in Estonian and Latvian), Tartu, Rīga: Tartu Ülikool, Latviešu valodas aģentūra

From English ar.

• (Johor) IPA^(key): /ˈa(r)/ [ˈa(r)]

• (Standard Literary, Penang) IPA^(key): /ˈar/ [ˈar]

ar (plural ar-ar or ar²)

1. The name of the Latin script letter R/r.

• er (Indonesian)
• ra (Jawi letter name)

• (Latin-script letter names) huruf; e, bi, si, di, i, ef, ji, hec, ai, je, ke, el, em, en, o, pi, kiu, ar, es, ti, yu, vi, dabel yu, eks, way, zed

ar

1. (text messaging, Internet slang) alternative form of -lah
   • 2024 June 25, @rizamZam7, X‎^[5] (post), archived from the original on 23-1-2026:

     Biar lah haiwan tu Nak hidup juga..jangan ar bunuh

     [Biarlah haiwan itu nak hidup juga, janganlah bunuh.]

     Let the animal go, it also wants to live. Don't kill it.

From Latin arō.^[1] Compare Romanian ara, ar.

ar

1. plough

• ărari
• ărat

• Atasanov, Petar (1990), Le mégléno-roumain de nos jours: Une approche linguistique, Hamburg: Buske

ar

1. (chiefly Kent and West Midland) alternative form of here (“their”)

ar

1. (Northern) alternative form of ore (“honour”)

• er

• IPA^(key): /ar/

From Proto-Brythonic *ar (“in front of”), from Proto-Celtic *ɸare.

ar (triggers lenition)

1. on, upon
2. over, of (of a ruler with respect to the area ruled)

For quotations using this term, see Citations:ar.

• ar hynny (“thereupon”)
• y ar (“from upon”)

• Welsh: ar

• Evans, D. Simon (1964), A Grammar of Middle Welsh (Medieval and Modern Welsh Series; supplementary volume), Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, →ISBN, § 63 (a), page 58

ar

1. he/she who, whoever
2. that which, whatever

For quotations using this term, see Citations:ar.

• Evans, D. Simon (1964), A Grammar of Middle Welsh (Medieval and Modern Welsh Series; supplementary volume), Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, →ISBN, section 75, pages 70–71

• IPA^(key): /ɑːɾ/

From Proto-Iranian *āθ(a)r-, from *HáHtr̥š, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *HáHtr̥š (“fire”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eh₁ter- (“fire”).

ar m (Arabic spelling ئار)

1. fire

   Synonyms: agir, alav, pêt

2. ash, ashes

• ardû

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

ar m (Arabic spelling ئار)

1. alternative form of ard (“flour”)

ar ?

1. shame, disgrace

   Synonym: 'ar

2. are (square decametre, 100 m²)
3. abbreviation of argon

• Chyet, Michael L. (2020), “ar I”, in Ferhenga Birûskî: Kurmanji–English Dictionary (Language Series; 1), volume 1, London: Transnational Press, page 10
• Chyet, Michael L. (2020), “ar II”, in Ferhenga Birûskî: Kurmanji–English Dictionary (Language Series; 1), volume 1, London: Transnational Press, page 10

From French are (“are”), from Latin ārea (“a piece of level ground, vacant ground, house ground”), either from Proto-Italic *āzeā, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eHs-e-yeh₂, from *h₂eHs- (“to become dry, burn; hearth, ashes”), or from Proto-Italic *āreā, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eh₂r-e-yeh₂, from *h₂eh₂rh₃- (“threshing tool”).

ar n (definite singular aret, indefinite plural ar, definite plural ara or arene)

1. an are, area of 100 square metres

• dekar

• “ar” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
• “ar” in Det Norske Akademis ordbok (NAOB).

From French are, from Latin area.

ar n (definite singular aret, indefinite plural ar, definite plural ara)

1. an are, area of 100 square metres

• dekar

• “ar” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

• IPA^(key): /ɑːr/
• Rhymes: -ɑːr

From Proto-West Germanic *aiʀu (“respect, honour”). Cognate with German Ehre.

• āre

ār f

1. honour, glory, grace
   • Exeter Book, The Wanderer

     Oft him ānhaga · āre gebīdeð,
     Metudes miltse, · þēah þe hē mōdċeariġ

     A loner oft waits a grace for himself,
     Creator's mercy, even if he is sorrowful

Strong ō-stem:

• ārlīċe (“honorably”)
• ārstafas (“help, kindness”)
• woroldār (“worldly honour”)

• Middle English: ore, oore, or, ȝore, aore, are, ære (Early Middle English), ar, are (Northern)

From Proto-West Germanic *aiʀ, from Proto-Germanic *aiz. Cognate with Old Norse eir (“brass, copper”), German ehern (“of metal, of iron”), Gothic 𐌰𐌹𐌶 (aiz, “ore”), from Proto-Indo-European *áyos, h₂éyos. Compare Dutch oer (“iron-holding earth”). Compare Latin aes (“bronze, copper”), Avestan 𐬀𐬌𐬌𐬀𐬵 (aiiah), Sanskrit अयस् (áyas, “copper, iron”).

• ǣr

ār n

1. ore, brass, copper

Strong a-stem:

• Middle English: ore, oure, or, oor, nore, noure (merged with ōra)
  • English: ore
  • Scots: ure, uir

From Proto-West Germanic *airu (“oar”), from Proto-Germanic *airō (“oar”). Cognate with Old Norse ár, Danish åre, Swedish åra.

ār f

1. oar

Strong ō-stem:

• Middle English: ore, hore, oore, are, aurre (Northern)
  • English: oar
  • Scots: air

From Proto-West Germanic *airu (“messenger”), from Proto-Germanic *airuz. Cognate with Old Saxon ēru, Old Norse árr, Gothic 𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌿𐍃 (airus).

ār m

1. messenger, herald
   • 8^th-11^th century, Beowulf, ll. 335-6:

     Ic eom Hroðgares ar ond ombiht.

     I am Hrothgar's herald and officer.

2. angel
3. missionary

Strong a-stem:

• er

from Latin re- (“again”).

• IPA^(key): /ˈaɾ/

ar

1. also
   • a. 1284, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, Códice de los músicos, cantiga 90 (facsimile):

     & ar ſẽ (com)panneira u a de(us) (con)cebiſte

     and also without equal when you conceived God

2. again
   • a. 1284, Alfonso X of Castile, Cantigas de Santa Maria, Códice de los músicos, cantiga 274 (facsimile):

     na obra que leyxara / por fazer ar começou

     (He) started working again on his unfinished work

• Portuguese: er

• IPA^(key): /ˈaɾ/

From Proto-Celtic *ɸare (“in front of”), from Proto-Indo-European *pr̥h₂í. Cognates include Ancient Greek παραί (paraí, “beside”) and Old English fore (modern English for and fore).

ar (with accusative or dative)

1. for, for the sake of, because of

For quotations using this term, see Citations:ar.

Forms combined with the definite article:

• masculine/feminine accusative singular: arin
• neuter accusative singular: ara
• dative singular all genders: arin(d), airind(í)
• accusative plural all genders: arna
• dative plural all genders: a(i)rnaib

Forms combined with a possessive determiner:

• first person singular: armo
• third person singular and plural: ara

Form combined with the relative particle: ara

• cid ara

• Irish: ar (conflated with for and íar)

ar

1. alternative spelling of air (“for, since”)

• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “1 ar (‘for’)”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
• Thurneysen, Rudolf (1940) [1909], D. A. Binchy and Osborn Bergin, transl., A Grammar of Old Irish, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, translation of Handbuch des Alt-Irischen (in German), →ISBN, pages 275–76, 497–99; reprinted 2017

From Proto-Celtic *anserom, from Proto-Indo-European *n̥serōm, from *nos (“we, us”); compare German unser.

ar (triggers eclipsis)

1. our

For quotations using this term, see Citations:ar.

• Irish: ár
• Scottish Gaelic: ar

• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “5 ar (‘our’)”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
• Thurneysen, Rudolf (1940) [1909], D. A. Binchy and Osborn Bergin, transl., A Grammar of Old Irish, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, translation of Handbuch des Alt-Irischen (in German), →ISBN, § 440, pages 277–78; reprinted 2017

From Proto-Celtic *arom, whence also Welsh âr; ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₂erh₃- (“to plow”).

ar n (genitive aire, no plural)

1. verbal noun of airid: ploughing, tilling
2. ploughed land, cultivated land

• airem

• Middle Irish: ar m
  • Irish: ar m

• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “4 ar”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
• Thurneysen, Rudolf (1940) [1909], D. A. Binchy and Osborn Bergin, transl., A Grammar of Old Irish, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies, translation of Handbuch des Alt-Irischen (in German), →ISBN, § 268.3., page 172; reprinted 2017

From Old Norse ár, from Proto-Germanic *jērą.

ār n

1. year

• Swedish: år

Pnar cardinal numbers

<  1	2	3  >
Cardinal : ar     Ordinal : wa ar

From Proto-Khasian *ʔaːr, from Proto-Mon-Khmer *ɓaar. Cognate with Khasi ar, Blang lál, Bahnar ʼbar, Khmer ពីរ (pii), Vietnamese hai, Santali ᱵᱟᱨ (bar).

• IPA^(key): /ʔar/

ar

1. two

Borrowed from Low German or.

ar

1. or

   Synonym: cĕ

Borrowed from Low German her.

ar

1. here

• er

• Lehr-Spławiński, T.; Polański, K. (1962), “I. ar”, in Słownik etymologiczny języka Drzewian połabskich [Etymological Dictionary of the Polabian Drevani Language] (in Polish), number 1 (A – ďüzd), Wrocław; Warszawa etc.: Ossolineum, page 19
• Lehr-Spławiński, T.; Polański, K. (1962), “II. ar||er”, in Słownik etymologiczny języka Drzewian połabskich [Etymological Dictionary of the Polabian Drevani Language] (in Polish), number 1 (A – ďüzd), Wrocław; Warszawa etc.: Ossolineum, page 19
• Polański, Kazimierz; James Allen Sehnert (1967), “ar I.”, in Polabian-English Dictionary, The Hague, Paris: Mouton & Co, page 34
• Polański, Kazimierz; James Allen Sehnert (1967), “ar//er II.”, in Polabian-English Dictionary, The Hague, Paris: Mouton & Co, page 34
• Olesch, Reinhold (1962), “ar”, in Thesaurus Linguae Dravaenopolabicae [Thesaurus of the Drevani language] (in German), volumes 1: A – O, Cologne, Vienna: Böhlau Verlag, →ISBN, page 7
• Olesch, Reinhold (1962), “Err”, in Thesaurus Linguae Dravaenopolabicae [Thesaurus of the Drevani language] (in German), volumes 1: A – O, Cologne, Vienna: Böhlau Verlag, →ISBN, page 266

• IPA^(key): /ˈar/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ar
• Syllabification: ar

Borrowed from French are.

ar m inan (abbreviation a)

1. are (square decametre, 100 m²)

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

ar f pl

1. genitive plural of ara

• “ar”, in Wielki słownik języka polskiego‎^[6] (in Polish), Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
• “ar”, in Polish dictionaries at PWN‎^[7] (in Polish)

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese aar, from Latin āēr, borrowed from Ancient Greek ᾱ̓ήρ (āḗr, “air”), from Proto-Hellenic *auhḗr, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ewsér, from *h₂ews-.

• (Caipira) IPA^(key): /ˈaɹ/

• Audio (São Paulo):

  (file)

• Audio (Portugal (Porto)):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -aɾ
• Hyphenation: ar

ar m (plural ares)

1. air
2. look, air (aspect)

For quotations using this term, see Citations:ar.

• “ar”, in Dicionário Aulete Digital (in Portuguese), Rio de Janeiro: Lexikon Editora Digital, 2008–2026
• “ar”, in Dicionário infopédia da Lingua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Porto: Porto Editora, 2003–2026
• “ar”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2026
• “ar”, in Michaelis Dicionário Brasileiro da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), São Paulo: Editora Melhoramentos, 2015–2026, →ISBN

• IPA^(key): /ar/

From older Romanian ară, are, presumably from Latin habēret (for the singular) and habērent (for the plural). See also are.

(el/ea) ar (modal auxiliary, third-person singular form of avea, used with infinitives to form conditional tenses)

1. (he/she) would

(ele/ei) ar (modal auxiliary, third-person plural form of avea, used with infinitives to form conditional tenses)

1. (they) would

ar

1. first-person singular present indicative/subjunctive of ara

From French are.

ar m (plural ari)

1. an are (a unit of area equal to 100 square metres)

From Old Irish ar. Cognates include Irish ár.

• IPA^(key): /əɾ (n)/

ar (triggers eclipsis)

1. our

   ar n-athair. ― our father.

   Tha ar nighean ruadh. ― Our daughter is red-haired.

   Tha ar n-oilthigh ùr. ― Our university is new.

• IPA^(key): /aɾ/

ar (defective)

1. think

• Only has the present and past tense, which both have the same form ar.
• Always followed by the preposition le or a prepositional pronoun:

  ar le mòran nach fhaod seo a bhith ― many thought this can't be

  ar leam gun... ― it seems/seemed to me that...

ar (comparative nas aire, superlative as aire)

1. slow, sluggish

ar m inan (Cyrillic spelling ар)

1. are (square decametre, 100 m²)

Ultimately from Latin area, probably via French are. This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.

ar c or n

1. are (square decametre, 100 m²)

• hektar

Ultimately from Proto-Germanic *arô.

ar m

1. (dialectal) eagle

• “ar”, in Svensk ordbok [Dictionary of Swedish] (in Swedish)
• “ar”, in Svenska Akademiens ordlista [Wordlist of the Swedish Academy] (in Swedish)
• “ar”, in Svenska Akademiens ordbok [Dictionary of the Swedish Academy] (in Swedish)
• ar in Svenska Akademiens ordlista över svenska språket (8th ed., 1923)

Borrowed from English ar, the English name of the letter R / r.

• (Standard Tagalog) IPA^(key): /ʔaɾ/ [ʔɐɾ]
• Rhymes: -aɾ
• Syllabification: ar

ar (Baybayin spelling ᜀᜇ᜔)

1. the name of the Latin script letter R/r, in the Filipino alphabet

   Synonyms: (in the Abakada alphabet) ra, (in the Abecedario) ere

• (Latin-script letter names) titik; ey, bi, si, di, i, ef, dyi, eyts, ay, dyey, key, el, em, en, enye, en dyi, o, pi, kyu, ar, es, ti, yu, vi, dobolyu, eks, way, zi

• “ar”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, 2018

• ra

• IPA^(key): /ˈaɾ/

From Ottoman Turkish عار (ar), from Arabic عَار (ʕār).

ar (definite accusative arı, plural arlar)

1. shame, the feeling of shame

   Synonym: utanma

   • 2023 November 22, Owen Jones, Annwn’da yaşam: Willy jones'un ölümden sonraki hikâyesi (Annwn)‎^[8], Tektime, →ISBN:

     ... pek arsız değil . ” " Evet , tamam . Bazen biraz arsız olsan da bağımsız olmanı daha çok seviyorum . Bana gençliğimizi hatırlatıyorsun ... Ergenlik çağında flört ettiğimiz zamanları . Sende aynı çizgi o zamanlarda vardı ... " " Öyle mi ...

     not very cheeky. ” " Yes , okay . Even though you can be a little cheeky sometimes , I like it more when you are independent . You remind me of our youth ... when we used to flirt in adolescence . You had the same streak back then

   • (Can we date this quote?), Mo Yan, İri Memeler ve Geniş Kalçalar (Dünya Edebiyatı)‎^[9], Can Yayınları, →ISBN:

     ... ar kalmamış! Sen onunla birlikteyken eniştesini çalan baldızı oynuyordun, herkesin kitabında bunun utanç verici olduğu yazar!” Ablam bir an şaşırdı, hemen arkasından, “Ana, sen çok değiştin,” dedi. Annem, “Evet, değiştim ama ben yine de ...

     No decency at all! When you were with him, you were playing the sister-in-law who stole his brother-in-law, it is written in everyone's book that this is shameful!” My sister was surprised for a moment, then said, "Mother, you have changed a lot." My mother said, “Yes, I have changed, but I still...

2. something to be ashamed of

Borrowed from French are.

ar (definite accusative arı, plural arlar)

1. are (unit of area)

• “ar”, in Turkish dictionaries, Türk Dil Kurumu
• Ayverdi, İlhan (2010), “ar”, in Misalli Büyük Türkçe Sözlük, a reviewed and expanded single-volume edition, Istanbul: Kubbealtı Neşriyatı
• Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–), “ar”, in Nişanyan Sözlük

From Middle Welsh ar, from Proto-Brythonic *ar (“in front of”), from Proto-Celtic *ɸare.

• IPA^(key): /ar/

ar (triggers soft mutation or h-prothesis if before ugain)

1. on
2. about to (with a verbal noun)
   • King, Gareth (1993), Modern Welsh: A Comprehensive Grammar (Routledge Grammars), London and New York: Routledge, →ISBN, page 131:

     Brysiwch, mae’r trên ar fynd!

     Hurry up, the train’s about to leave!

• Category:Welsh phrasal verbs formed with "ar"

• or, o'

From Middle English ar, or, o; partially contracted from other, auther, from Old English āþor, āwþer, āhwæþer.

• IPA^(key): /ar/, /ɔr/, /ɔ/
• Homophone: 'ar

ar

1. or
   • 1867, “CASTEALE CUDDE'S LAMENTATION”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 4, page 104:

     Ar aany noor dhing at woode comfoort mee,

     Or any other thing that would comfort me,

   • 1867, “ABOUT AN OLD SOW GOING TO BE KILLED”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 2, page 106:

     Gooude var nat oan dhing, niether treesh ar thraame;

     Good for not one thing; neither for the trace, nor the car.

   • 1867, “ABOUT AN OLD SOW GOING TO BE KILLED”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, number 3, page 106:

     Ich woode be pitcht ee kurkeen, ar zippeen, to a coolaan.

     I would be poked into the mow or the stack up to the back of my head.

• Jacob Poole (d. 1827) (before 1828), William Barnes, editor, A Glossary, With some Pieces of Verse, of the old Dialect of the English Colony in the Baronies of Forth and Bargy, County of Wexford, Ireland, London: J. Russell Smith, published 1867, page 104