ka

Abbreviation of English kiloannum.

ka

2. kyr: kiloannum(s): kiloyear(s)

   Holonyms: Ma < Ga

4. kya: kiloannum(s) ago: kiloyear(s) ago: thousand(s) of years ago

Clipping of Georgian ქართული ენა (kartuli ena).

ka

2. (international standards) ISO 639-1 language code for Georgian.

• Wiktionary’s coverage of Georgian terms

• IPA^(key): /kɑː/
• Rhymes: -ɑː

Borrowed from Egyptian kꜣ.

ka (plural kas)

1. A spiritual part of the soul in Egyptian mythology, which survived after death.

   Antonym: ha

   • 1983, Norman Mailer, Ancient Evenings:

     Then, I wondered how long I must wait before seeing my Double, but if I recalled, the Ka was not supposed to appear before the seventy days of embalming were done.

   • 1990, Camille Paglia, Sexual Personae:

     Hence Dorian's portrait is like the ka or double of the deceased in Egyptian tombs, heaped with toys and furniture.

   • 2011, Neil Gaiman, American Gods (Tenth Anniversary Edition), William Morrow 2013, p. 179:

     ‘You could bind the ka of a man to his body for five thousand years,’ said Jaquel.

Origin uncertain.

ka

1. (transitive, obsolete) To serve or help; used only in the phrase "Ka me, ka thee" or variants thereof.
   • 1603, Michel de Montaigne, translated by John Florio, Essays, III.5:

     Now nature stood ever on this point, Kæ mee Ile kæ thee, and ever ready to bee even alwaies on recompences and vicissitude of things, and to give as good as one brings.

   • 1821 January 8, [Walter Scott], Kenilworth; a Romance. […], volume (please specify |volume=I to III), Edinburgh: […] Archibald Constable and Co.; and John Ballantyne, […]; London: Hurst, Robinson, and Co., →OCLC:

     Ka me, ka thee, is a proverb all over the world.

• Brewer's Dictionary of Phrase and Fable

ka (plural kas)

1. The name of the Cyrillic script letter К / к.

• AK, Ak

ka

1. already

• (Myanmar) /ka˧/

ka

1. Nominative particle?

Overridden by the topic particle gas.

• IPA^(key): /ˈka/ [ˈkʌ]
• Hyphenation: ka

ká

1. he, him

• The form káa is used when the pronoun isn't followed by a clitic.

• E. M. Parker; R. J. Hayward (1985), “ka”, in An Afar-English-French dictionary (with Grammatical Notes in English), University of London, →ISBN

Likely a loan word from Nivkh ӿа (ha) (bearing the same meaning), given that the traps were of the same type and that sable hunting was taken up on Sakhalin for export to Qing China, to whom the Nivkh were nearer.

• IPA^(key): [ka]

ka

1. sable trap

• Bugaeva, Anna. Handbook of the Ainu Language, Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter Mouton, 2022. https://doi.org/10.1515/9781501502859

• nga — Tosk, standard
• na — Gheg, Tosk
• kah — Gheg
• koh/ko (rare form) — Gheg

• IPA^(key): [ka] (Gheg)

From older kah, from *kah ~ ngah (compare Tosk Albanian nga), from Proto-Albanian *en kaxa, from Proto-Indo-European *en kʷod so (“wherein, wherefrom”), literally ‘in which this’. Cognate with Old Church Slavonic къ (kŭ, “to”).

ka (+ nominative) ^[1]

1. from, out, out of, to

   Jo, unë nuk jam ka Shqipëria.

   No, I am not from Albania.

2. who, whom

From earlier *kaha, inherited from Proto-Albanian *koso, inherited from Proto-Indo-European *kʷeh₁s- (“scratch, cut”). For sense development, compare Slavic *volь - ox, from *valiti - to throw down, castrate.^[2] Alternatively, the plural form qe suggests an earlier *kʷē, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷṓws (“ox, cow”) via an unidentified Indo-European language.^[3]

• singular: IPA^(key): [kaː]
• singular: IPA^(key): [qɒ] (Gheg)
• plural: IPA^(key): [ceː]

ka m (plural qe, definite kau, definite plural qetë)

1. ox
2. steer

• kau i hullisë (“stronger ox (of a team) that walks in the furrow”)
• ka i kularit (“yoke ox”)

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

ka

1. third-person singular present indicative of kam

ka

1. I (first person singular nominative)

From Malay ke.

ka

1. to, towards

• D. Takaria, C. Pieter (1998), Kamus Bahasa Melayu Ambon-Indonesia‎^[2], Pusat Pembinaan dan Pengembangan Bahasa

From Proto-Bahnaric *kaː, from Proto-Mon-Khmer *kaʔ; cognate with Sedang ká, Vietnamese cá, Mon က (kaʔ).

• IPA^(key): /kaː/

ka

1. fish

ka

1. possessive marker

   an ka jamana

   our country

ka

1. particle linking subject and predicative adjective

   A ka ɲi

   It's good

   Kidali ka jan

   Kidal is far away

• IPA^(key): /ka/ [ka]
• Rhymes: -a
• Hyphenation: ka

ka inan

1. The name of the Latin script letter K/k.

• (Latin-script letter names) a, be, ze, de, e, efe, ge, hatxe, i, jota, ka, ele, eme, ene, eñe, o, pe, ku, erre, ese, te, u, uve, uve bikoitz, ixa, i greko, zeta

• “ka”, in Euskaltzaindiaren Hiztegia [Dictionary of the Basque Academy] (in Basque), Euskaltzaindia [Royal Academy of the Basque Language]
• “ka”, in Orotariko Euskal Hiztegia [General Basque Dictionary], Euskaltzaindia, 1987–2005

ka

1. water

Chungli Ao numbers ^(edit)

		10
		1	2  →	10  →
Cardinal: ka

From Proto-Central Naga *khaj.

ka

1. one

• Bruhn, Daniel Wayne (2014), A Phonological Reconstruction of Proto-Central Naga‎^[3], Berkeley: University of California, page 235
• Gowda, K. S. Gurubasave (1985), Ao-English-Hindi Dictionary, Mysore: Central Institute of Indian Languages, page 24
• Clark, Mary M. (1893), Ao Naga grammar with illustrative phrases and vocabulary, Molung: Assam Secretariat Printing Office, page 44

ka

1. you (singular)

ka

1. you are

Shortened form of kan.

ka

1. alternative form of kan, used before words starting with s

• “ka” in Martalar, Umberto Martello; Bellotto, Alfonso (1974), Dizionario della lingua Cimbra dei Sette Communi vicentini, 1st edition, Roana, Italy: Instituto di Cultura Cimbra A. Dal Pozzo

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *ka.

ka

1. word

• Ross Perlin (2019), A Grammar of Trung‎^[4], Santa Barbara: University of California

• IPA^(key): /kaː/
• Hyphenation: ka
• Rhymes: -aː

From kade.

ka f (plural kaden or kades or ka's, diminutive kaatje n)

1. alternative form of kade

Uncertain. Possibly from Catharina Mulder or "Kaat Mossel".

ka f (plural ka's, diminutive kaatje n)

1. (Netherlands, derogatory) dominant woman

• kenau

Related to kauw.

ka f (plural ka's or kauwen, diminutive kaatje n or kauwtje n)

1. alternative form of kauw

Borrowed from Egyptian kꜣ.

ka c (plural ka's, no diminutive)

1. ka (ancient Egyptian notion of the soul, with raised arms, signfying an embrace(see Isis and Horus/Maria and Jesus)

Derived from kaasas.

ka (not comparable)

1. also, too

   Tema läks ka metsa.

   He also went to the forest.

• IPA^(key): /kà/

kà (plural kawo)

1. cord
2. line
3. rope
4. string

kà

1. to bite
2. to break
3. to chip
4. to rummage

• IPA^(key): /ˈkɑ/, [ˈkɑ̝]
• Rhymes: -ɑ
• Syllabification^(key): ka
• Hyphenation^(key): ka

Variant of kaa, both shortenings of kanssa.

ka (rare, dialectal)

1. also, too

   Minä menin kauppaan ka.

   I went to a shop as well.

A dialectal or colloquial 2nd person imperative present of katsoa (“to look”).

ka

1. (dialectal, colloquial) look!

   Ka!

• katso
• kato (colloquial)

• IPA^(key): /ka/ ~ /kɑ/

• Audio (France (Lyon)):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɑ

ka m (plural kas)

1. kay, The name of the Latin script letter K/k.

ka

1. to, in, at

ka

1. Noun class indicator for nouns (singular) including abstractions and borrowed words

• Common to all varieties of Fula (Fulfulde / Pulaar / Pular).

ka

1. (definite) the (when it follows the noun)

   taasa ka ― the bowl

• Common to all varieties of Fula (Fulfulde / Pulaar / Pular).

ka

1. (used in indicating something)

   ka taasa ― this/that bowl

• Common to all varieties of Fula (Fulfulde / Pulaar / Pular).

• Oumar Bah, Dictionnaire Pular-Français, Avec un index français-pular, Webonary.org, SIL International, 2014.
• M. Niang (1997), Pulaar–English English–Pulaar Standard Dictionary, New York: Hippocrene Books

ka

1. (Aniwa) to squeal

• Capell, Arthur (1984), “ka”, in Futuna-Aniwa dictionary, with grammatical introduction, Canberra: Pacific Linguistics, Australian National University, →ISBN, page 111

ka

1. (Internet slang) no idea (alternative spelling of k. A. – abbreviation of keine Ahnung)
   • 2005 December 10, Alexander Jede, “einfrierende Maus bei xine”, in linux.debian.user.german‎^[5] (Usenet):

     Kann mir da einer helfen? ich hab absolut ka woran es liegt. AUs der config von xine bin ich zum nicht schlauer geworden.

     Can someone help me with this? I have absolutely no idea where the problem is. The config of xine left me none the wiser.

   • 2006 January 12, Alexander Jede, “einfrierende Maus bei xine”, in linux.debian.user.german‎^[6] (Usenet):

     irgendwo hab ich aufgeschnappt das mitte Februar neue Dual Core CPU´s auf den Markt kommen.Bitte nicht fragen wo ich das her hab,ka vieleicht bilde ich mir das ja auch nur ein ;-)

     I heard somewhere that new Dual Core CPU's will come onto the market in mid-February. Please don't ask where I go that, no idea I might just be imagining it. ;-)

Borrowed from Moroccan Arabic كا (ka), a variant of لوكان (lūkān), from Arabic لَوْ كَانَ (law kāna, literally “if it were”).

• (Iɛraben) IPA^(key): [kɛ]

ka m or f

1. used to introduce a yes-or-no question

   Synonym: wac

   Ka hezzenzat-tet? ― Did you sell it?

ka

1. if (counterfactual)

• Mourigh, Khalid (2015) A Grammar of Ghomara Berber (Thesis)‎^[7], Leiden

From African origin. Cognate with Kabuverdianu ka.

ka

1. not

• IPA^(key): /ka/

From French cas (“case”).

ka

1. case, instance

Contraction of kapab, from French capable

ka

1. (auxiliary) can, be able to

• Targète, Jean; Urciolo, Raphael (1993), Haitian Creole-English Dictionary‎^[8], Dunwoody Press, →ISBN, page 84

• IPA^(key): /ˈka/ [ˈka]
• Rhymes: -a
• Syllabification: ka

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ka (2sg. subject pronoun).

ka (Hanunoo spelling ᜣ)

1. you (singular)

   Synonyms: kawo, (rare) kam

   Naan ka pamag-uli?

   Where do you live?

ka (Hanunoo spelling ᜣ)

1. connective used between a cardinal numeral and that which is enumerated

   duwa ka bilog sab-a ― two of saba bananas

ka (Hanunoo spelling ᜣ) (literary)

1. a connective

   Synonyms: pag, pagka

   Kang ka idu, si Migra. ― My dog, Migra.

• Conklin, Harold C. (1953), Hanunóo-English Vocabulary (University of California Publications in Linguistics), volume 9, London, England: University of California Press, →OCLC, page 131

• IPA^(key): /káː/
  • (Standard Kano Hausa) IPA^(key): [káː]

kā

1. (with dà or à) in or on

• Newman, Paul (2007), A Hausa-English Dictionary (Yale Language Series), New Haven; London: Yale University Press, →ISBN, page 102.

• ke (before words that begin with 'k', 'a', 'e', or 'o')

Inherited from Proto-Polynesian *te.^[1]

• IPA^(key): /ka/, [kə]

ka sg (plural nā)

1. the

For pronunciation and definitions of ka – see 家 (“home; family; household; etc.”). (This term is the pe̍h-ōe-jī form of 家).

For pronunciation and definitions of ka – see 鳩 (“pigeon; dove (family; to gather; to assemble; etc.”). (This term is the pe̍h-ōe-jī form of 鳩).

For pronunciation and definitions of ka – see 鉸 (“scissors; to cut with scissors; etc.”). (This term is the pe̍h-ōe-jī form of 鉸).

For pronunciation and definitions of ka – see 加 (“to put on top of another object; to add; to put in; etc.”). (This term is the pe̍h-ōe-jī form of 加).

• IPA^(key): /käʔ̚/

ka

1. (informal, modal auxiliary) contraction of deka

   Aku ka makai asi.

   I want to eat rice.

See kad. Decision no. 16, Progreso II. Based on the apocopic forms a, e, and o.

• IPA^(key): /ka/

ka

1. apocopic form of kad (used before a consonant)

   Ka tu amoras me? ― Do you love me?

• Progreso II (in Ido), 1909–1910, page 15, 357, 579

From Dutch kaa.

• IPA^(key): /ˈka/, [ˈka]

ka (plural ka-ka)

1. The name of the Latin script letter K/k.

• ke (Standard Malay)

• (Latin-script letter names) huruf; a, be, ce, de, e, ef, ge, ha, i, je, ka, el, em, en, o, pe, ki, er, es, te, u, ve, we, eks, ye, zet

• “ka”, in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia [Great Dictionary of the Indonesian Language] (in Indonesian), Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016

ka

1. monkey

• Isu orthography guide

ka

1. The hiragana syllable か (ka) or the katakana syllable カ (ka) in Hepburn romanization.

Clipping of ika.

ka

1. (colloquial) yonder

From African origin.

ka

1. not

• ca (Súlat Bacúlud, Ámung Sámson)

Shortened form of ika. From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ka (“2sg. subject pronoun”). Compare Tagalog ka, Hanunoo ka, Cebuano ka, Ilocano -ka, Chuukese ka / ke.

ka

1. you (second person singular)

   Kaluguran daka.

   I love you.

   Mamun ka kang inda.

   Say goodbye to your mother.

• The word ka usually replaces ika when in the middle of a sentence.
• When speaking to be polite, use the plural form kayu, ikayu.

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ka, from Proto-Austronesian *qa₂. Compare Malay -kah / ke, Indonesian -kah / ke, Ambonese Malay ka, Tetum ka, Niuean ka, Makasar ka, Buginese ga, Tagalog baga / ga, Thao qa, Ilocano kadi. See also Kapampangan ka- / baga.

ka

1. marks a sentence as interrogative

   Mangabayatan ka? Mayan ka?

   Is it heavy? Is it light?

   Dapat daka? Alina siguru.

   Should I? Probably not.

   Tara bisa ka?

   Shall we go?

   • 1617, Francisco Coronel, Arte y reglas de la lengua Pampanga:

     Sucat mo casing bitasan quing micabucasan ca?

     Can you by chance assure us that you will arrive tomorrow?

2. whether (or not)

   X ka Y ka?

   Are you an X or Y?

   Munta ka alika?

   Are you going or not?

3. used with o to mark list and to connect choices being considered with uncertainty

   Ini ka o ita ka, sanu kareni.

   This or that? Which one of these?

   Magpasta ka o magpitsa ka?

   Are you gonna eat pasta or pizza?

4. (uncommon) adverbial marking indefiniteness

   Synonyms: man, mo, pa, ya, na

   Ninukang kakatuk, pakipanenayan.

   Whoever's knocking, please wait.

   Nanukang panintunan.

   Looking for something.

   Maging nanuka o ninuka.

   Becoming something or someone else.

   Ayba, nandaka. Basta yaku nandakata.

   Hell no, whatever. As for me, none of my business.

• When speaking to be polite, use the plural form kayo, as ka can have a commanding tone, e.g.

  Patugut nakayo ― Would you please stop.

  Patugut naka ― Stop it!

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [ˈkaː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [ˈkaː]

kā f (indeclinable)

1. The name of the letter K.

• (Latin-script letter names) littera; ā, bē, cē, dē, ē, ef, gē, hā / *acca, ī, kā, el, em, en, ō, pē, kū, er, es, tē, ū, ix / īx / ex, ȳ / ī graeca / ȳpsīlon, zēta

• Arthur E. Gordon, The Letter Names of the Latin Alphabet (University of California Press, 1973; volume 9 of University of California Publications: Classical Studies), part III: “Summary of the Ancient Evidence”, page 32
  Clearly there is no question or doubt about the names of the vowels A, E, I, O, U. They are simply long A, long E, etc. (ā, ē, ī, ō, ū). Nor is there any uncertainty with respect to the six mutes B, C, D, G, P, T. Their names are bē, cē, dē, gē, pē, tē (each with a long E). Or about H, K, and Q: they are hā, kā, kū — each, again, with a long vowel sound.

Originally an old neuter nominative singular form of kas (“who, what”) that acquired the function of a conjunction. Cognates include Old Prussian ka (“who, what”).^[1]

• IPA^(key): [ka]

• Audio:

  (file)

ka

1. that; used to link a subordinate clause to the main clause, sometimes with a pronominal antecedent (tas, tāds, tik, tādēļ, tāpēc), with various different functions:

   (a) subject:

   labi, ka darbs padarīts ― (it is) good that the work is done

   viņam nepatika, ka tagad viņi ar Plienu bija palikuši tikai divi ― he didn't like that now only he and Pliens had remained

   aplam darīts arī tas, ka divās dienās nopļāva visu Spilvas pļavu ― wrongly done was also that (= the fact) that (he) mowed the entire Spilva meadow in two days

   tveice bija tāda, ka šķita - tīrums smaržo kā liela rudzu kalte ― the heat was such that one felt (as if) the field smelled like a big rye drier

   (b) attributive complement, (secondary) predicate

   pienāca ziņa, ka tēvs saslimis ― there is news that father is sick

   viņi nolaida karogus per zīmi, ka demonstrācija beigusies ― they lowered the flags as a sign that the protest was over

   vēl vairāk sirdi nospeiž sāpes, / ka atkal apkārt tikai mežs ― even more the heart is oppressed by the pain / that again (there is) only forest around

   ir tāds karstums, ka pat putniņi paslēpušies ― (there) is such a heat that even the little birds are hiding

   (c) direct object

   viņš teica, ka varam iet ― he said that we could go

   Ģirts redzēja, ka Artūrs nekā neapjēdz, ka labāk runāt par ko citu ― Ģirts saw that Artūrs would never realize that it would be better to talk about something else

   Krančelis izrādīja visu savu nemieru ar to, ka nevarēja meiteni iepriecināt ― Krančelis showed all his concern with that (= the fact) that he could not cheer up the girl

   kas gan var būt vēl skaistāks pasaulē par to, ka cilvēks palīdz cilvēkam un draugs - draugam! ― what can be more beautiful in (this) world than that (= the fact) that a person helps (another) person and a friend - (another) friend!

   (d) adverbial complement (manner)

   viņpus upes krastā Preimanis lādējās, ka visa pamale skanēja ― on the shore, on the other side of the river, Preimanis cursed (in such a way) that the whole horizon resounded (with his curses)

   Saulītis krāca tā, ka ārā varēja dzirdēt ― Saulītis snored so (= in such a way) that one could hear it outside

   (e) adverbial complement (cause)

   (often tāpēc ka, tādēļ ka, less frequently tamdēļ ka, tālab ka, “for the reason that”)

   viņai kļūst kauns par sevi, ka pat domās pieļāvusi salīdzinājumu ― she felt ashamed of herself, that (= because) she had allowed herself (to make) this comparison even in thought

   publicisti uzbruka rakstniekiem, ka tie bez īstas kvēles un dedzības ķeras pagatavot lugas ― the publishers attacked the writers that (= because) they tried to prepare (= write) plays without real fervor and zeal

   “bet varbūt tāpēc līst, ka man sāp zobs”, viņš iedomājās ― “but maybe it is raining for that reason, that (= because) my tooth hurts,” he thought

   krievu valoda mums jāprot tādēļ, ka tā ir mūsu kaimiņu un draugu valoda ― we must know Russian for that reason, that (= because) it is the language of our neighbors and friends

   Ješka nepaguva atbildēt, tāpēc ka papriekš gribēja iedzert ― Ješka couldn't answer, because he first wanted to drink

   tu, tēvoc, daudz ko nedzirdi, tādēļ ka kurls esi palicis ― you, uncle, haven't heard much, because you have become deaf

   (f) adverbial complement (consequence)

   (often tā kā “so that”)

   otrā rītā sāp mugura, ka tīri vai jāraud ― the next morning (his) back was in pain, (so much) that (he) simply had to cry

   visi bija tik satraukti, ka nemanīja, vai viņš atsveicinās vai ne ― everybody was so excited that (they) did not noticed whether or not he said goodbye

   Ainas acis vērāas tik mierīgas un vēas, ka viņš atmeta šādu domu ― (but) Aina's eyes were so peaceful and cool (= calm) that he abandoned such thought(s)

   dejotāju kājas bija noru noblietējušas tā, ka zeme sāka skanēt ― the dancers' feet had stomped the (forest) glade so (= in such a way) that the earth began to resound

   vējš gaudoja aizvien stiprāk, tā ka sāka jau drebēt majas jumts ― the wind howled more and more strongly, so that the house roof began to shake

   vecais zvirbulis bija ļoti noskumis un kļuva pat neuzmanīgs, tā ka to gandrīz noķēra pelēkais Minka ― the old sparrow had become very sad and even inattentive, so that the gray Minka (= cat) almost caught him

   (g) adverbial complement (purpose)

   pēc malkas ej, ka var kurināt tam akmenim virsū! ― go find wood, (so) that we can burn it on (top of) that rock

   skrien kā traks, ka tikai izraut lielāku normu ― I run (= work) like crazy, (so) that I may get a larger margin (= advantage)

   (h) adverbial complement (measure, proportion)

   tūlīt pēc kara pievairojis bija pelēču, ka mudž ― immediately after the war the grays (= landowners) became many, (so much) that (they) were swarming

   viņa steidzās tik ļoti, ka neievēroja vaļējās klēts durvis un tajās sēdošo cilvēku ― she hurried so much that (she) did not notice the open barn door and the person sitting in(side of) it

   vai tik daudz sāpju sevī pārvarēji, / ka tikai prieku spēsi citiem sniegt? ― have you overcome so much pain in yourself / that you will be able to give only joy to others?

   (i) adverbial complement (condition)

   kas tas par draugu, ka nevar palīdzēt? ― what kind of friend is he, that (= if) he can't help?

   kur gan esat, zilie ceriņi, ka nekur vairs nesatieku jūs? ― where are you, blue lilac, that (= if) I don't find you anywhere?

ka

1. used to add a nuance of probability or doubt to a, usually negative, utterance, to make it optative, expressive of a desire (cf. kaut); may...

   jāsagrābj siens, ka neuznāk lietus ― (we) have to rake the hay together, may rain not come (i.e., maybe there will be rain)

   vispirms gādājiet, lai rudzi tiek statos; ka neuznāk krusa ― first of all make sure that the rye is in heaps; may hail not come (= i.e., maybe there will be hail)

   ka tik viņš neaizietu! ― may he only not leave! if only he wouldn't leave!

   “ka nenositas”, Nikolajs ieminas, bet onkulis atmet at roku: “liels puisietis, nenositīsies” ― “may he not get himself killed” (i.e., he probably won't get himself killed), Nikolas said, and uncle gestured with his hand: “(he is) a big boy, he won't get himself killed”

   “ak, ka tak viss neietu tik lēnām... tos, kas nomirs, tos tak ielaidīs jūrā?” “laikam”

   “oh, may everything not go so slowly (= if only everything didn't go so slowly)... those who died, they will be thrown into the sea?” “maybe”

   pagája labs brīdis, bet necēlās neviens no pakritušajiem skrējējiem... ka viņu vilks, nu būs abi divi beigti ― a good while went by, but none of the fallen runners stood up... may (the devil) take him, they now will be (= probably are) both finished (= dead)

2. used to reinforce the intensity of an action or activity, usually with a repeated verb; ... and ...

   māte tik naigi dur ka dur - šuj savu šujamo ― mother so quickly pierced and pierced - she sows her sowing (= what she needs to sow, i.e. she is certainly carrying out her task)

Reduced from forms of Proto-Finnic *kansa (e.g. the inessive). Compare Estonian ka, Finnish kanssa.

• IPA^(key): /ˈkɑ/, [ˈkɑ]

ka

1. too, also

• Tiit-Rein Viitso; Valts Ernštreits (2012–2013), “ka”, in Līvõkīel-ēstikīel-lețkīel sõnārōntõz [Livonian-Estonian-Latvian Dictionary]‎^[9] (in Estonian and Latvian), Tartu, Rīga: Tartu Ülikool, Latviešu valodas aģentūra

• IPA^(key): /ka/

ka m inan

1. The name of the Latin script letter k/K.

• (Latin-script letter names) a, bej, cej, čet, ćej, dej, ej, ět, ef, gej, ha, cha, i, jot, ka, eł, el, em, en, ejn, o, pej, er, ejŕ, es, eš, śej, tej, u, wej, y, zet, žet, źej

From Proto-Athabaskan *qeˑ. Cognate with Ahtna kae.

ka

1. to paddle, dig

Aspect	Imperfective	Perfective	Future	Optative
Momentaneous	kayh	kanh	kaɬ	kaɬ
Perambulative	kayh	kanh	—	—
Continuative	ka'	kanh	ka'	ka'
Customary	kayh	kayh	kayh	kayh
Repetitive	kax	kax	kax	kax
Progressive	kaɬ	—	—	—

Cognate with Navajo -KÉ (“two actors sit”).

ka

1. (rare) multiple granular objects fall

Aspect	Imperfective	Perfective	Future	Optative
Momentaneous	kayh	kanh	kaɬ	kaɬ

• Kari, James et al. (2024), Kari, James, editor, Lower Tanana Dene Dictionary, Fairbanks, Alaska: Alaska Native Language Center, →ISBN, pages 234-237

• IPA^(key): [kə̀ə̀]

ka

1. to shoot

• Kelly Harper Berkson, Amanda Bohnert, Sui Hnem Par (2022), “Consonant Sounds in Hnaring Lutuv”, in Indiana Working Papers in South Asian Languages and Cultures‎^[10], volume 3, number 1

ka (uncountable)

1. abbreviation of kaki (“foot (unit of measurement)”)

• "ka" in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu (PRPM) [Malay Literary Reference Centre (PRPM)] (in Malay), Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017

ka

1. nonstandard spelling of kā
2. nonstandard spelling of kǎ
3. nonstandard spelling of kà

• Transcriptions of Mandarin into the Latin script often do not distinguish between the critical tonal differences employed in the Mandarin language, using words such as this one without indication of tone.

• IPA^(key): /kā/

ka

1. second person singular personal pronoun, you

• Blench, Robert; Bulkaam, Michael (2021) An Introduction to Mantsi, a South Bauchi language of Central Nigeria. University of Cambridge.

ka

1. Marks an event as occurring at some time or as existing
2. when; used before a verb to indicate the start of an action or state
3. Marks a verb as being in future tense
4. Used when counting numbers

   Ka tahi, ka rua, ka toru...

   One, two, three...

5. Used in commands with taua and tātou

   ātou ka haere

   let's go

6. now (for the first time); when used after kātahi anō

• "ka" - Maori Dictionary

ka (Raguileo spelling)

1. too; also

• kafey

ka (Raguileo spelling)

1. and

ka (Raguileo spelling)

1. another; not the same

From Proto-Kuki-Chin *kaj ~ kaj-maʔ , from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *ka (“I; me”).

ka (plural kan, accusative mi or min)

1. I, my (first-person singular clitic pronoun)

• Lorrain, J. Herbert (1940), “ka”, in Dictionary of the Lushai language, Calcutta: Asiatic Society

Cognate with Māori ngā.

ka

1. plural definite article the.

• Shand, Alexander (1894), “The Moriori People of the Chatham Islands: Their Traditions and History”, in The Journal of the Polynesian Society‎^[11]

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *kaʔ.

ka

1. bitter

• Naxi Dictionary by T.M. Pinson, Lijiang 2012

ka

1. A verbaliser

• Westerlund, T. (2007). A grammatical sketch of Ngarla: A language of Western Australia. Uppsala University.

From Proto-Pomo *ʔahqʰá (“water”).

ka

1. water

ka

1. form removed with the spelling reform of 1959; superseded by hva

• IPA^(key): /kɑː/

ka

1. (dialectal, Trøndelag, Nordnorsk, Vestlandet, non-standard since 1959) alternative form of kva (“what”)

   Ka e da du gjere på?

   What are you doing?

• IPA^(key): /kɑ́/, /kə́/

ka

1. to say

   Gǀa kaǀî dyee ka?

   What is your name?

   (literally, “How do you say your name?”)

• Shah, Sheena & Brenzinger, Matthias. (2017). Writing for Speaking: The Nǀuu Orthography. 10.1017/9781316562949.006.
• Sands, Bonny & Jones, Kerry & Esau, Katrina & Collins, Chris & Witzlack-Makarevich, Alena & Job, Sylvanus & Miller, Amanda & Steyn, Betta & Zaanen, Menno & Namaseb, Levi & Berg, Dietloff & Mantzel, Dotty & Damarah, Willem & Snyman, Claudia & Wyk, David & Brugman, Johanna & Exter, Mats & Vaalbooi, Antjie & Westhuizen, Mietjie. (2022). Nǀuuki Namagowab Afrikaans English ǂXoakiǂxanisi/Mîdi di ǂKhanis/Woordeboek/Dictionary
• Exter, Mats. “Properties of the Anterior and Posterior Click Closures in N|uu.” (2008).

• kha

Derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic *kas.

ka

1. (interrogative) what
2. (relative) what

• Mažiulis, Vytautas (1988–1997), “ka”, in Prūsų kalbos etimologijos žodynas [Etymological Dictionary of Old Prussian]‎^[12] (in Lithuanian), Vilnius
• W. R. Schmalstieg (1971) “New Look at the Old Prussian Pronoun”, in Baltistica VII(2), Vilnius: Vilniau Universitetas

From the masculine and neuter respectively of Sanskrit क (ká), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *kás, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷós.

ka m

1. (interrogative) who
2. (interrogative) what
3. (interrogative) which
   • 2006, The First Book in the Suttanta-Pitaka: Dīgha-Nikāya (I)‎^[13], page 82:

     කන‍්නු ඛ‍්වජ‍්ජ සමණං වා බ්‍රාහ‍්මණං වා පයිරුපාසෙය්‍යාම යන‍්නො පයිරුපාසතො චිත‍්තං පසීදෙය්‍යා!"ති

     kannu khvajja samaṇaṃ vā brāhmaṇaṃ vā payirupāseyyāma yanno payirupāsato cittaṃ pasīdeyyā!"ti

     Indeed now which ascetic or Brahmin should we visit today who, for us visiting him, will soothe the heart?

The pronoun may function as an interrogative adjective.

• kā (“who (f)”)

ka n

1. (interrogative) what
2. (interrogative) which

The pronoun may function as an interrogative adjective.

• kāpurisa

Probably from the pronunciation of a syllable consisting only of the letter.

ka m

1. the Pali letter 'k'
   • c. 500 AD, Kaccāyana, Pālivyākaraṇaṃ [Pali Grammar]‎^[14] (overall work in Pali), page 4; republished as Satish Chandra Acharyya Vidyabhusana, editor, Kaccayana's Pali Grammar (edited in Devanagari character and translated into English), Calcutta, Bengal: Mahabodhi Society, 1901:

     क, ख, ग, घ, ङ, च, छ, ज, झ, ञ, ट, ठ, ड, ढ, ण, त, थ, द, ध, न, प, फ, ब, भ, म, य, र, ल, व, स, ह, ळ, ं। इति व्यञ्जन नाम होन्ति।

     Ka, kha, ga, gha, ṅa, ca, cha, ja, jha, ña, ṭa, ṭha, ḍa, ḍha, ṇa, ta, tha, da, dha, na, pa, pha, ba, bha, ma, ya, ra, la, va, sa, ha, ḷa, aṃ, iti vyañjanā nāma honti.

     'k', 'kh', 'g', 'gh', 'ṅ', 'c', 'ch', 'j', 'jh', 'ñ, 'ṭ', 'ṭh', 'ḍ', 'ḍh', 'ṇ', 't', 'th', 'd', 'dh', 'n', 'p', 'ph', 'b', 'bh', 'm', 'y', 'r', 'l', 'v', 's', 'h', 'ḷ' and 'ṃ', these are the consonants by name.

   • c. 500 AD, Kaccāyana, Pālivyākaraṇaṃ [Pali Grammar]‎^[15] (overall work in Pali), page 12; republished as Satish Chandra Acharyya Vidyabhusana, editor, Kaccayana's Pali Grammar (edited in Devanagari character and translated into English), Calcutta, Bengal: Mahabodhi Society, 1901:

     को यस्स यथा-सको।

     Ko yassa yathā-sako.

     'K' from 'y' as in 'sako'.

• kakāra

• Pali Text Society (1921–1925), “ka˚”, in Pali-English Dictionary‎, London: Chipstead, page 173

ka

1. to wash

• Dominic Yu, Comparative Phonology of Picurís and Taos (2008)

ka

1. to, at

• Campbell, L. (1985). The Pipil Language of El Salvador. Mouton De Gruyter. p. 59

ka

1. and (switching)

   Watingku maḻu nyangu ka wirtjapakaṉu.

   The man saw the kangaroo and the kangaroo ran away.

• Ka is a switching conjunction. When it links two clauses or sentences, it conveys that the second clause has a different subject from the first. In cases where the subject remains the same, the conjunction munu is used. In the example above, the subject of the second clause need not be "the kangaroo", although that seems the most likely possibility from context. The ku simply tells us that someone or something other than wati (the subject of the first clause) ran away.
• Although ka is spelt with a short a, the vowel is actually long (kaa). The misleading spelling exists for historical reasons.

Phonetic spelling of the letter.

• IPA^(key): /ˈka/
• Rhymes: -a
• Syllabification: ka

ka n (indeclinable)

1. The name of the Latin script letter K/k.

• “ka”, in Polish dictionaries at PWN‎^[16] (in Polish)

ka!

1. alternative form of kakaka

From Proto-Polynesian *ka-, *ka. Cognates include Hawaiian ʻa- and Māori ka.

• IPA^(key): /ˈka/
• Hyphenation: ka

ka

1. Used to indicate the future tense.
2. Used to indicate the imperative mood.
3. Used to indicate the jussive mood.
4. Used to indicate the temporal contiguity of an action.
5. Used to indicate the conditional mood of a relative clause.
6. Used to form a counting form from of the following numeral.

   Ka tahi, ka rua, ka toru. ― One, two, three.

¡ka!

1. Intensifies the following verb; how! what a!

   ¡Ka ma'itaki 'ō! ― How very beautiful!

• Ka is often used to convey an objective intensification, while ko is used when one has a strong emotion towards the subject.

• Paulus Kieviet (2017), A grammar of Rapa Nui‎^[17], Berlin: Language Science Press, →ISBN, pages 153, 330, 477, 491

• IPA^(key): /kʰɑ˧/

Compare Burmese ကြက် (krak).

ka

1. chicken.

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *kaʔ (“bitter”). Cognate with Burmese ခါး (hka:), Old Chinese 苦 (OC *kʰaːʔ, *kʰaːs).

ka

1. bitter.

• kae

Of imitative origin, similar to Old High German kā (“crow, jackdaw”), Middle Low German kâ (“crow, jackdaw”), English caw.

ka (plural kas)

1. jackdaw

Borrowed from Moroccan Arabic لوكان (lūkān), from Arabic لَوْ كَانَ (law kāna, literally “if it were”).

• IPA^(key): /ka/

ka m or f (Tifinagh spelling ⴽⴰ)

1. used to introduce a yes-or-no question

   Synonym: wac

   Ka ikk-as-ten? ― Did he give them to her?

ka (Tifinagh spelling ⴽⴰ)

1. if (counterfactual)

• luka, lukan (Ketama, Taghzut)
• kʷa (Hmed)
• uka (Zerqet)

Clipping of kamek.

ka (Tifinagh spelling ⴽⴰ)

1. Ketama form of amek: (interrogative) how

• Gutova, Evgeniya; Byler, Jonathan (2025), “Senhaja de Srair - English Dictionary”, in Webonary‎^[18], retrieved 2025
• Gutova, Evgeniya (2021) Senhaja Berber Varieties: Phonology, Morphology, and Morphosyntax (Thesis)‎^[19], Paris, France: HAL

ka (Cyrillic spelling ка)

1. alternative form of k

• k

ka (Cyrillic spelling ка)

1. (Chakavian, Montenegro) as, like

• kao

ka

1. (Chakavian, Montenegro) as, like

• kao

ka ? (Cyrillic spelling ка)

1. (Chakavian, Kajkavian, interrogative) which (feminine)
2. (Chakavian, Kajkavian, relative) which, that, who (feminine)
3. (Chakavian, Kajkavian, indefinite) some (feminine)

• koja

ka

1. not - negative particle

   Ke bà fue a bápánenì ne ka.

   That person is not my friend.

• Donohue, Mark. A Grammar of the Skou Language of New Guinea (2004).

ka (instrumental ku)

1. from
2. away from
3. out of
4. about, concerning

• In Somali, prepositions fall before the verb and not before the noun they modify:

  Ka imow. ― To come from.

  Ka keen. ― To bring from.

ka

1. alternative spelling of -ka

   Garaash ka fur. ― Open the garage.

• Puglielli, Annarita; Mansuur, Cabdalla Cumar (2012), “ka”, in Qaamuuska Af-Soomaliga‎^[20], Rome: RomaTrE-Press, →ISBN

• IPA^(key): /ˈka/ [ˈka]
• Rhymes: -a
• Syllabification: ka
• Homophone: ca

ka f (plural kas)

1. Name of the letter k

• “ka”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8.1, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 15 December 2025

ka

1. romanization of 𒅗 (ka)

From Old Sundanese ka, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ka.

ka (Sundanese script ᮊ)

1. to, towards

   Synonym: kana

   ka kalér ― to the north

   ka Bandung ― to Bandung

   ka pasar ― to the market

From Hokkien 膠 / 胶 (ka, “glue”).

ka (Sundanese script ᮊ)

1. buffalo hide glue

Clipping of aka.

ka (Sundanese script ᮊ)

1. term of address for an older brother

   Synonyms: a, kang

• "ka" in Maman Sumantri; Atjep Djamaludin; Achmad Patoni; R.H. Moch. Koerdie; M.O. Koesman; Epa Sjafei Adisastra. (1985), Kamus Sunda-Indonesia [Sundanese-Indonesian Dictionary] (in Indonesian), Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Department of Education and Culture of the Republic of Indonesia

From the -ka- consecutive tense marker.

• Audio (Kenya):

  (file)

ka

1. and then (used between a series of actions that happened soon closely together)

Influenced by Baybayin character ᜃ (ka).

• (Standard Tagalog) IPA^(key): /ka/ [kɐ]
• Rhymes: -a
• Syllabification: ka

ka (Baybayin spelling ᜃ)

1. the name of the Latin script letter K/k, in the Abakada alphabet

   Synonym: (in the Filipino alphabet) key

2. (historical) the name of the Latin script letter K/k, in the Abecedario

   Synonym: (in the Filipino alphabet) key

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ka (“2sg. subject pronoun”).

• (Standard Tagalog) IPA^(key): /ka/ [kɐ]
• Rhymes: -a
• Syllabification: ka

ka (Baybayin spelling ᜃ) (postpositive)

1. you (second person singular)

• The word ka usually replaces ikaw when in the middle of a clause.
• When speaking to be polite, use the plural form kayo.

• ca — obsolete, Spanish-based spelling
• k — Internet and text messaging slang

From clipping of wika.

• (Standard Tagalog) IPA^(key): /ˈkaʔ/ [ˈkaʔ]
• Rhymes: -aʔ
• Syllabification: ka

kâ (Baybayin spelling ᜃ)

1. alternative spelling of 'ka

From English car.

ka

1. car

ka

1. future tense marker, inserted immediately before the relevant verb

ka

1. four

• Antoinette Schapper, Marian Klamer, Numeral systems in the Alor-Pantar languages

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

ka

1. yes
2. certainly, absolutely
3. naturally, of course
4. let's [with first-person plural imperative]

ka

1. but
2. then (in "if...then" constructions)

• Zajceva, N. G.; Mullonen, M. I. (2007), “безусловно, да, давать, естественно, конечно, но”, in Uz’ venä-vepsläine vajehnik / Novyj russko-vepsskij slovarʹ [New Russian–Veps Dictionary]‎^[21], Petrozavodsk: Periodika

ka

1. than (used for comparisons)

• cha (allomorph after i)

• IPA^(key): [ka]

ka

1. Forms a polar (yes/no) question.

In most circumstances this particle is found in the second position in a sentence (immediately after the first constituent). Occasionally, for unclear reasons, it may appear elsewhere.

• Cáceres, Natalia (2011), “ka”, in Grammaire Fonctionnelle-Typologique du Ye’kwana‎^[22], Lyon, pages 158–159

Cognate with Igala káà

• IPA^(key): /kà/

kà

1. (intransitive, transitive) to count
2. (intransitive, transitive) to read

• ka before a direct object

Likely cognate with Igala kà (“to tell”) and Igbo kà (“to speak”), perhaps related to Nupe gàn

• IPA^(key): /kà/

kà

1. (transitive) to confess (literally, "to recount previous misdeeds involuntarily or under duress")

• ka before a direct object

• ìkà (“the act of confession”)

• jẹ́wọ́ (“to confess”)

• IPA^(key): /kà/

kà

1. to buy things in the hundreds

• ka before a direct object

• ìkà

Cognate with Igala ká

• kán (Igbomina)

• IPA^(key): /ká/

ká

1. (transitive) to pluck fruit (from a tree)
2. to break something; to knock off something
3. (idiomatic) to become snapped under pressure

• IPA^(key): /ká/

ká

1. (transitive) to curl or fold something

   Fọlá, wá bá mi ká aṣọ! ― Fọla, come and help me fold the clothes

2. (intransitive) to become curled or folded
3. to constrain someone (often via supernatural means)
4. (idiomatic) to get something under control

   apá àtẹ́lẹwọ́ kì í ká ilé ― The arm of the palm cannot control the house (Yoruba incantation)

• IPA^(key): /ká/

ká

1. to be everywhere

• Used especially in the V2 position