ale

ale

See also: Appendix:Variations of "ale"

Translingual

Etymology

Clipping of English Aleut or Russian алеу́т (aleút).

Symbol

ale

  1. (international standards) ISO 639-2 & ISO 639-3 language code for Aleut.

See also

  • Wiktionary’s coverage of Aleut terms

English

Alternative forms

Etymology

    From Middle English ale, from Old English ealu, ealo, from Proto-West Germanic *alu, from Proto-Germanic *alu (compare Dutch aal, Swedish öl), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂elut- (beer), or *h₂elu- (bitter). Compare Russian ол (ol), Lithuanian alùs, Armenian օղի (ōġi); compare also Latin alum (comfrey), alūta (tawed leather), Ancient Greek ἀλύδοιμος (alúdoimos, bitter).

    Pronunciation

    • enPR: āl, (UK, US) IPA(key): /eɪl/
    • Audio (US):(file)
    • Rhymes: -eɪl

    Noun

    ale (countable and uncountable, plural ales)

    1. (dated) A beer made without hops.
    2. A beer produced by so-called warm fermentation and not pressurized.
    3. A festival in English country places, so called from the liquor drunk.

    Synonyms

    Derived terms

    Descendants

    • Dutch: ale
    • Finnish: ale
    • French: ale
    • German: Ale
    • Portuguese: ale

    Translations

    Anagrams

    Afar

    Pronunciation

    • IPA(key): /aˈle/ [ʔʌˈlɛ]
    • Hyphenation: a‧le

    Interjection

    alé

    1. signifies surprise; wow!

    References

    • Mohamed Hassan Kamil (2015), L’afar: description grammaticale d’une langue couchitique (Djibouti, Erythrée et Ethiopie)[2], Paris: Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (doctoral thesis)

    Ambonese Malay

    Pronoun

    ale

    1. thou

    Bambara

    Pronunciation

    • IPA(key): [àle]

    Pronoun

    ale

    1. him

    Basque

    Pronunciation

    • Audio:(file)

    Noun

    ale

    1. grain

    Declension

    Declension of ale (inan V-stem)
    indefinite singular plural proximal plural
    absolutive ale alea aleak aleok
    ergative alek aleak aleek aleok
    dative aleri aleari aleei aleoi
    genitive aleren alearen aleen aleon
    comitative alerekin alearekin aleekin aleokin
    causative alerengatik alearengatik aleengatik aleongatik
    benefactive alerentzat alearentzat aleentzat aleontzat
    instrumental alez aleaz aleez aleotaz
    inessive aletan alean aleetan aleotan
    locative aletako aleko aleetako aleotako
    allative aletara alera aleetara aleotara
    terminative aletaraino aleraino aleetaraino aleotaraino
    directive aletarantz alerantz aleetarantz aleotarantz
    destinative aletarako alerako aleetarako aleotarako
    ablative aletatik aletik aleetatik aleotatik
    partitive alerik
    prolative aletzat

    Buol

    Etymology

    From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qazay.

    Pronunciation

    • IPA(key): [aɽe]

    Noun

    ale

    1. chin

    Czech

    Etymology

    Inherited from Old Czech ale, from Proto-Slavic *ale.

    Pronunciation

    • IPA(key): [ˈalɛ]
    • Audio:(file)
    • Rhymes: -alɛ

    Conjunction

    ale

    1. but
      Synonym: avšak

    See also

    Further reading

    Dutch

    Etymology

      Borrowed from English ale.

      Pronunciation

      • IPA(key): /eːl/
      • Audio:(file)
      • Hyphenation: ale
      • Rhymes: -eːl

      Noun

      ale m or n (uncountable, no diminutive)

      1. ale

      Estonian

      Etymology

      From Proto-Finnic *halmëh. Cognate to Finnish halme and Livvi halmeh. From either Proto-Germanic *halmaz or a Baltic language, compare Latvian salms and Lithuanian želmuo.

      Noun

      ale (genitive ale, partitive alet)

      1. slash-and-burn (the technique)
      2. the forest cut down to create new land in slash-and-burn
      3. the land created through slash-and-burn

      Declension

      Declension of ale (ÕS type 16/pere, no gradation)
      singular plural
      nominative ale aled
      accusative nom.
      gen. ale
      genitive alede
      partitive alet alesid
      illative alle
      alesse
      aledesse
      inessive ales aledes
      elative alest aledest
      allative alele aledele
      adessive alel aledel
      ablative alelt aledelt
      translative aleks aledeks
      terminative aleni aledeni
      essive alena aledena
      abessive aleta aledeta
      comitative alega aledega

      Finnish

      Etymology 1

        Clipping of alennusmyynti (sale). Coined by Aarni Penttilä.

        Pronunciation

        • IPA(key): /ˈɑle/, [ˈɑ̝le̞]
        • Rhymes: -ɑle
        • Syllabification(key): a‧le
        • Hyphenation(key): ale

        Noun

        ale (informal)

        1. sale (selling of goods at bargain prices)
        Declension
        Inflection of ale (Kotus type 8/nalle, no gradation)
        nominative ale alet
        genitive alen alejen
        partitive alea aleja
        illative aleen aleihin
        singular plural
        nominative ale alet
        accusative nom. ale alet
        gen. alen
        genitive alen alejen
        alein rare
        partitive alea aleja
        inessive alessa aleissa
        elative alesta aleista
        illative aleen aleihin
        adessive alella aleilla
        ablative alelta aleilta
        allative alelle aleille
        essive alena aleina
        translative aleksi aleiksi
        abessive aletta aleitta
        instructive alein
        comitative See the possessive forms below.
        Possessive forms of ale (Kotus type 8/nalle, no gradation)
        first-person singular possessor
        singular plural
        nominative aleni aleni
        accusative nom. aleni aleni
        gen. aleni
        genitive aleni alejeni
        aleini rare
        partitive aleani alejani
        inessive alessani aleissani
        elative alestani aleistani
        illative aleeni aleihini
        adessive alellani aleillani
        ablative aleltani aleiltani
        allative alelleni aleilleni
        essive alenani aleinani
        translative alekseni aleikseni
        abessive alettani aleittani
        instructive
        comitative aleineni
        second-person singular possessor
        singular plural
        nominative alesi alesi
        accusative nom. alesi alesi
        gen. alesi
        genitive alesi alejesi
        aleisi rare
        partitive aleasi alejasi
        inessive alessasi aleissasi
        elative alestasi aleistasi
        illative aleesi aleihisi
        adessive alellasi aleillasi
        ablative aleltasi aleiltasi
        allative alellesi aleillesi
        essive alenasi aleinasi
        translative aleksesi aleiksesi
        abessive alettasi aleittasi
        instructive
        comitative aleinesi
        first-person plural possessor
        singular plural
        nominative alemme alemme
        accusative nom. alemme alemme
        gen. alemme
        genitive alemme alejemme
        aleimme rare
        partitive aleamme alejamme
        inessive alessamme aleissamme
        elative alestamme aleistamme
        illative aleemme aleihimme
        adessive alellamme aleillamme
        ablative aleltamme aleiltamme
        allative alellemme aleillemme
        essive alenamme aleinamme
        translative aleksemme aleiksemme
        abessive alettamme aleittamme
        instructive
        comitative aleinemme
        second-person plural possessor
        singular plural
        nominative alenne alenne
        accusative nom. alenne alenne
        gen. alenne
        genitive alenne alejenne
        aleinne rare
        partitive aleanne alejanne
        inessive alessanne aleissanne
        elative alestanne aleistanne
        illative aleenne aleihinne
        adessive alellanne aleillanne
        ablative aleltanne aleiltanne
        allative alellenne aleillenne
        essive alenanne aleinanne
        translative aleksenne aleiksenne
        abessive alettanne aleittanne
        instructive
        comitative aleinenne
        third-person possessor
        singular plural
        nominative alensa alensa
        accusative nom. alensa alensa
        gen. alensa
        genitive alensa alejensa
        aleinsa rare
        partitive aleaan
        aleansa
        alejaan
        alejansa
        inessive alessaan
        alessansa
        aleissaan
        aleissansa
        elative alestaan
        alestansa
        aleistaan
        aleistansa
        illative aleensa aleihinsa
        adessive alellaan
        alellansa
        aleillaan
        aleillansa
        ablative aleltaan
        aleltansa
        aleiltaan
        aleiltansa
        allative alelleen
        alellensa
        aleilleen
        aleillensa
        essive alenaan
        alenansa
        aleinaan
        aleinansa
        translative alekseen
        aleksensa
        aleikseen
        aleiksensa
        abessive alettaan
        alettansa
        aleittaan
        aleittansa
        instructive
        comitative aleineen
        aleinensa
        Derived terms
        compounds
        Further reading

        Etymology 2

          From English ale.

          Pronunciation

          • IPA(key): /ˈei̯l/, [ˈe̞i̯l]
          • Rhymes: -eil
          • Syllabification(key): ale
          • Hyphenation(key): ale

          Noun

          ale

          1. ale (type of beer)
          Declension
          Inflection of ale (Kotus type 8/nalle, no gradation)
          nominative ale alet
          genitive alen alejen
          partitive alea aleja
          illative aleen aleihin
          singular plural
          nominative ale alet
          accusative nom. ale alet
          gen. alen
          genitive alen alejen
          alein rare
          partitive alea aleja
          inessive alessa aleissa
          elative alesta aleista
          illative aleen aleihin
          adessive alella aleilla
          ablative alelta aleilta
          allative alelle aleille
          essive alena aleina
          translative aleksi aleiksi
          abessive aletta aleitta
          instructive alein
          comitative See the possessive forms below.
          Possessive forms of ale (Kotus type 8/nalle, no gradation)
          first-person singular possessor
          singular plural
          nominative aleni aleni
          accusative nom. aleni aleni
          gen. aleni
          genitive aleni alejeni
          aleini rare
          partitive aleani alejani
          inessive alessani aleissani
          elative alestani aleistani
          illative aleeni aleihini
          adessive alellani aleillani
          ablative aleltani aleiltani
          allative alelleni aleilleni
          essive alenani aleinani
          translative alekseni aleikseni
          abessive alettani aleittani
          instructive
          comitative aleineni
          second-person singular possessor
          singular plural
          nominative alesi alesi
          accusative nom. alesi alesi
          gen. alesi
          genitive alesi alejesi
          aleisi rare
          partitive aleasi alejasi
          inessive alessasi aleissasi
          elative alestasi aleistasi
          illative aleesi aleihisi
          adessive alellasi aleillasi
          ablative aleltasi aleiltasi
          allative alellesi aleillesi
          essive alenasi aleinasi
          translative aleksesi aleiksesi
          abessive alettasi aleittasi
          instructive
          comitative aleinesi
          first-person plural possessor
          singular plural
          nominative alemme alemme
          accusative nom. alemme alemme
          gen. alemme
          genitive alemme alejemme
          aleimme rare
          partitive aleamme alejamme
          inessive alessamme aleissamme
          elative alestamme aleistamme
          illative aleemme aleihimme
          adessive alellamme aleillamme
          ablative aleltamme aleiltamme
          allative alellemme aleillemme
          essive alenamme aleinamme
          translative aleksemme aleiksemme
          abessive alettamme aleittamme
          instructive
          comitative aleinemme
          second-person plural possessor
          singular plural
          nominative alenne alenne
          accusative nom. alenne alenne
          gen. alenne
          genitive alenne alejenne
          aleinne rare
          partitive aleanne alejanne
          inessive alessanne aleissanne
          elative alestanne aleistanne
          illative aleenne aleihinne
          adessive alellanne aleillanne
          ablative aleltanne aleiltanne
          allative alellenne aleillenne
          essive alenanne aleinanne
          translative aleksenne aleiksenne
          abessive alettanne aleittanne
          instructive
          comitative aleinenne
          third-person possessor
          singular plural
          nominative alensa alensa
          accusative nom. alensa alensa
          gen. alensa
          genitive alensa alejensa
          aleinsa rare
          partitive aleaan
          aleansa
          alejaan
          alejansa
          inessive alessaan
          alessansa
          aleissaan
          aleissansa
          elative alestaan
          alestansa
          aleistaan
          aleistansa
          illative aleensa aleihinsa
          adessive alellaan
          alellansa
          aleillaan
          aleillansa
          ablative aleltaan
          aleltansa
          aleiltaan
          aleiltansa
          allative alelleen
          alellensa
          aleilleen
          aleillensa
          essive alenaan
          alenansa
          aleinaan
          aleinansa
          translative alekseen
          aleksensa
          aleikseen
          aleiksensa
          abessive alettaan
          alettansa
          aleittaan
          aleittansa
          instructive
          comitative aleineen
          aleinensa

          In speech, type 5 (risti) is normally used, giving for instance nominative singular eil, genitive eilin, partitive eiliä, nominative plural eilit and genitive plural eilien.

          Further reading

          Anagrams

          French

          Etymology

            From English ale.

            Pronunciation

            Noun

            ale f (plural ales)

            1. ale
              • 1884, Joris-Karl Huysmans, chapter XI, in À rebours [Against the Grain]:
                [] il mangea un rosbif aux pommes et s'enfourna deux pintes d’ale, excité par ce petit goût de vacherie musquée que dégage cette fine et pâle bière.
                He ate roast beef with apples and put away two pints of ale, excited by the little taste of musky trickery given off by this fine, pale beer.

            Further reading

            Friulian

            Etymology

            From Latin āla.

            Noun

            ale f (plural alis)

            1. wing

            Haitian Creole

            Etymology

            From French aller (go).

            Pronunciation

            • IPA(key): /a.le/

            Verb

            ale

            1. to go
              Synonym: al

            References

            • Targète, Jean; Urciolo, Raphael (1993), Haitian Creole-English Dictionary[5], Dunwoody Press, →ISBN, page 5

            Italian

            Pronunciation

            • IPA(key): /ˈa.le/
            • Rhymes: -ale
            • Hyphenation: à‧le

            Noun

            ale f

            1. (poetic) plural of ala: wings

            See also

            Kashubian

            Etymology

              Inherited from Proto-Slavic *ale.

              Pronunciation

              • IPA(key): /ˈa.lɛ/
              • Rhymes: -alɛ
              • Syllabification: a‧le

              Conjunction

              ale

              1. but

              Noun

              ale n (indeclinable)

              1. (colloquial) but

              Particle

              ale

              1. used at the beginning of a sentence; similar in meaning to the English "hey, not so fast", especially when used multiple times

              Further reading

              • Stefan Ramułt (1893), “ale”, in Słownik języka pomorskiego czyli kaszubskiego (in Kashubian), page 2
              • Eùgeniusz Gòłąbk (2011), “ale”, in Słownik Polsko-Kaszubski / Słowôrz Pòlskò-Kaszëbsczi[6], volume 1, page 19
              • ale”, in Internetowi Słowôrz Kaszëbsczégò Jãzëka [Internet Dictionary of the Kashubian Language], Fundacja Kaszuby, 2022

              Latin

              Etymology 1

              Pronunciation

              Verb

              ale

              1. second-person singular present active imperative of alō

              Etymology 2

              Pronunciation

              Noun

              āle

              1. vocative singular of ālus

              Lower Sorbian

              Etymology

              From Proto-Slavic *ale.

              Pronunciation

              • IPA(key): /ˈalɛ/, [ˈalə]

              Conjunction

              ale

              1. but

              Further reading

              • Muka, Arnošt (1921, 1928), “ale”, in Słownik dolnoserbskeje rěcy a jeje narěcow (in German), St. Petersburg, Prague: ОРЯС РАН, ČAVU; Reprinted Bautzen: Domowina-Verlag, 2008
              • Starosta, Manfred (1999), “ale”, in Dolnoserbsko-nimski słownik / Niedersorbisch-deutsches Wörterbuch (in German), Bautzen: Domowina-Verlag

              Lule Sami

              Verb

              ale

              1. second-person singular imperative of ij

              Lutuv

              Noun

              ale

              1. elephant (Elephas maximus)

              Mauritian Creole

              Etymology

              From French aller.

              Verb

              ale (medial form al)

              1. To go

              Middle Dutch

              Etymology

              from Old Dutch *alo, from Proto-West Germanic *alu.

              Noun

              āle n

              1. ale

              Inflection

              Strong neuter noun
              singular plural
              nominative āle āle
              accusative āle āle
              genitive āels āle
              dative āle ālen

              Descendants

              Further reading

              • Verwijs, E.; Verdam, J. (1885–1929), “ale”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, →ISBN

              Middle English

              Alternative forms

              Etymology

                From Old English ealu, from Proto-West Germanic *alu, from Proto-Germanic *alu, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂elut-.

                Pronunciation

                • IPA(key): /ˈaːl(ə)/

                Noun

                ale (plural ales)

                1. ale (unhopped alcoholic beverage made from malted grain)

                Usage notes

                • In Middle English, ale typically refers to an alcoholic beverage made with malted grain, but not flavoured with hops; if such a beverage is flavoured with hops, it is called ber.

                Descendants

                References

                North Frisian

                Alternative forms

                Etymology

                From Old Frisian al, from Proto-West Germanic *all, from Proto-Germanic *allaz (all), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂el- (all).

                Determiner

                ale

                1. (Wiedingharde) all

                Northern Sami

                Pronunciation

                • (Kautokeino) IPA(key): /ˈale/

                Verb

                ale

                1. second-person singular imperative of ii

                Norwegian Nynorsk

                Verb

                ale (present tense el or aler, past tense ol or alte, supine ale or alt, past participle alen or alt, present participle alande, imperative al)

                1. alternative form of ala

                Anagrams

                Old Czech

                Alternative forms

                • aľe (alternative writing)

                Etymology

                Inherited from Proto-Slavic *ale. First attested in the 14th century.[1]

                Pronunciation

                • IPA(key): (13th CE) /ˈalɛ/
                • IPA(key): (15th CE) /ˈalɛ/

                Particle

                ale

                1. Used to express disapproval or wish to change the subject.
                2. Used to introduce a follow-up.
                3. Used to present contradictory content; but
                4. Used when the speaker wishes the listener addresses the previous statement.
                5. Expresses the speaker's disbelief.
                6. of course
                7. namely

                Conjunction

                ale

                1. but
                2. then, in that case
                3. not until
                4. unless
                5. except
                6. nevertheless
                7. whereas

                Interjection

                ale

                1. used at the beginning of a sentence; similar in meaning to the English "hey, not so fast", especially when used multiple times
                2. The meaning of this term is uncertain. Possibilities include:
                  1. expresses a warning.

                Descendants

                References

                1. ^ Rejzek, Jiří (2015), “ale”, in Český etymologický slovník [Czech Etymological Dictionary] (in Czech), 3rd (revised and expanded) edition, Praha: LEDA, →ISBN, page 52

                Further reading

                Old English

                Verb

                āle

                1. first-person singular present indicative of alan

                Old Polish

                Etymology

                  Inherited from Proto-Slavic *ale. By surface analysis, univerbation of a +‎ le. First attested in 1398.

                  Pronunciation

                  • IPA(key): (10th–15th CE) /alʲɛ/
                  • IPA(key): (15th CE) /alʲɛ/

                  Conjunction

                  ale

                  1. (attested in Lesser Poland, Greater Poland) Introduces a contrastive clause; but
                    Synonym: lecz
                    • 1874-1891 [XV p. post.], Rozprawy i Sprawozdania z Posiedzeń Wydziału Filologicznego Akademii Umiejętności[7], [8], [9], volume I, page XLV:
                      Wyeza dokonana a myesszek wyproznyony czyny czleka acz nyerichlo ale barzo mąndrego (faciunt valde sed tarde hominem prudentem)
                      [Wieża dokonana a mieszek wyproźniony czyni człeka acz nierychło ale barzo mądrego (faciunt valde sed tarde hominem prudentem)]
                    • c. 1301-1350, Kazania świętokrzyskiescan transliteration, transcription, Miechów, page cr 42:
                      Ne *ne[śladujmy towarzy]stua luda y crola buynego, ale bøchmy s touaristua crola s[miernego]
                      [Nie na[śladujmy towarzy]stwa luda i krola bujnego, ale bądźmy z towarzystwa krola ś[miernego]]
                    • 1930 [c. 1455], “Gen”, in Ludwik Bernacki, editor, Biblia królowej Zofii (Biblia szaroszpatacka)transliteration, transcription, 18, 15:
                      Y przala Sara rzekøcz: Nye szmyalasm syø... Y rzekl gest pan bog: Nye tak, alesz syø smyala (non est, inquit, ita, sed risisti)
                      [I przała Sara rzekąc: Nie śmiałaśm się... I rzekł jest Pan Bog: Nie tak, aleś się śmiała (non est, inquit, ita, sed risisti)]
                    • 1939 [end of the 14th century], Ryszard Ganszyniec, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Kubica, Ludwik Bernacki, editors, Psałterz florjański łacińsko-polsko-niemiecki [Sankt Florian Psalter]‎scan transliteration, transcription, numbers 1, 5, Krakow: Zakład Narodowy imienia Ossolińskich, z zasiłkiem Sejmu Śląskiego [The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament]:
                      Ne taco nemilosciwi, ne taco, ale (sed) iaco proch
                      [Nie tako niemiłościwi, nie tako, ale (sed) jako proch]
                    • 1950 [1428], Władysław Kuraszkiewicz, Adam Wolff, editors, Zapiski i roty polskie XV-XVI wieku z ksiąg sądowych ziemi warszawskiej, number 289, Warsaw:
                      Iste testis yusch szan bil viroczil, ale palczow nye poloszil, nisch gy on wsperl
                      [Iste testis już się był wyrocił, ale palcow nie położył, niż ji on wsperł]
                    • 1939 [end of the 14th century], Ryszard Ganszyniec, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Kubica, Ludwik Bernacki, editors, Psałterz florjański łacińsko-polsko-niemiecki [Sankt Florian Psalter]‎scan transliteration, transcription, numbers 118, 85, Krakow: Zakład Narodowy imienia Ossolińskich, z zasiłkiem Sejmu Śląskiego [The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament]:
                      Kosprawyli (narraverunt) my mne *zloscny bazny, ale ne yako zakon twogy (sed non ut lex tua)
                      [Rozprawili (narraverunt) mi mnie złostni baśni, ale nie jako zakon twoj (sed non ut lex tua)]
                    • 1915 [1427], Jan Łoś, editor, Przegląd językowych zabytków staropolskich do r. 1543[10], Lublin, page 538:
                      Micolay yest plischy po ssestrze oczcza swego, po *strzynye, ale ne *rodzonye, po *ssczithnye, ku trzecze czasczy wssy Yawydzu
                      [Mikołaj jest bliszy po siestrze oćca swego, po str[z]ynie, ale nie rodzonej, po szczytnej, ku trzecie części wsi Jawidzu]
                    • 1874-1891 [1438], Rozprawy i Sprawozdania z Posiedzeń Wydziału Filologicznego Akademii Umiejętności[11], [12], [13], volume XXII, page 353:
                      Sit autem omnis homo velox ad audiendum, tardus autem ad loquendum nyerychly alye w *momyenyw (Jac 1, 19)
                      [Sit autem omnis homo velox ad audiendum, tardus autem ad loquendum nierychły ale w mowieniu (Jac 1, 19)]
                    • 1861 [1398], Pismo poświęcone naukom, sztukom i przemysłowi[14], volume III, Biblioteka Warszawska, page 23:
                      Jaco w Iedliczi bilo nemeczke prawo, ale sginaul przywiley
                      [Jako w Jedlcy było niemieckie prawo, ale zginął przywilej]
                    • 1939 [end of the 14th century], Ryszard Ganszyniec, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Kubica, Ludwik Bernacki, editors, Psałterz florjański łacińsko-polsko-niemiecki [Sankt Florian Psalter]‎scan transliteration, transcription, numbers 5, 7, Krakow: Zakład Narodowy imienia Ossolińskich, z zasiłkiem Sejmu Śląskiego [The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament]:
                      Møsza krwawego y zglobliwego szadacz se bødze gospodzin, ale ia (ego autem) w mnoszstwe miloserdza twego
                      [Męża krwawego i zgłobliwego żadać sie będzie Gospodzin, ale ja (ego autem) w mnożstwie miłosierdzia twego]
                    • Middle of the 15th century, Rozmyślanie o żywocie Pana Jezusa[15], page 395:
                      Było na wysszem piętrze piekła jedno miasto..., w ktoremże były dostojne dusze albo namienione ku krolestwu niebieskiemu, ale do stąpienia Jesucrista (in quo erant animae predestinatorum usque ad Christi descensum ad inferos)
                      [Było na wyszem piętrze piekła jedno miasto..., w ktoremże były dostojne dusze albo namienione ku krolestwu niebieskiemu, ale do zstąpienia Jesukrysta [do piekła] (in quo erant animae predestinatorum usque ad Christi descensum ad inferos)]
                    • 1930 [c. 1455], “Deut”, in Ludwik Bernacki, editor, Biblia królowej Zofii (Biblia szaroszpatacka)transliteration, transcription, 1, 26:
                      A nye chczelisce wnidz, ale nye wyerziliscze k rzeczi pana boga naszego. Szemraliscze w stanyech... y rzekliste (et noluistis ascendere, sed increduli... murmurastis)
                      [A nie chcieliście wnić, ale nie wierzyliście k rzeczy Pana Boga naszego. Szemraliście w staniech... i rzekliste (et noluistis ascendere, sed increduli... murmurastis)]
                    • 1424, Kanon mszy św., Canon missae., volume III, page 53:
                      Pamyøcz czczącz... dzewicze Mariey... y... Ihu Crista, ale y blogoslawyonych apostolow
                      [Pamięć czcząc... dziewice Maryjej... i... Jesu Krysta, ale i błogosławionych apostołow]
                    • 1874-1891 [XV in.], Rozprawy i Sprawozdania z Posiedzeń Wydziału Filologicznego Akademii Umiejętności[16], [17], [18], volume XXIV, page 73:
                      Ale gesce et adhuc
                      [Ale jeszcze et adhuc]
                    • Beginning of the 15th century, Łukasz z Wielkiego Koźmina, Kazania gnieźnieńskietransliteration, transcription, Krakow, page 171b:
                      Tenczy ma mecz varø kresczyganskø, a ne telko skutkem, alle tesze y szerczem
                      [Tenci ma mieć wiarę krześcijańską, a nie telko skutkiem, ale teże i siercem]
                    • c. 1478, Dekalog - Dziesięcioro przykazań bożych - Decem praecepta Dei, volume III, number 13:
                      Nye masz myecz any chwalycz balwana zadnego, alye thylko tego boga w throyczy gyedynego
                      [Nie masz mieć ani chwalić bałwana żadnego, ale tylko tego Boga w Trojcy Jedynego]
                    • 1916 [second half of the 15th century], Stanisław Słoński, editor, Psałterz puławskiscan transliteration, transcription, numbers 48, 16, Greater Poland:
                      Pomocz gych zwyotszeye w pyeklye od slawy gich. Ale wezda (verumtamen) bog odkupy *dusze moyę od ręky pyekla
                      [Pomoc jich zwiotszeje w piekle od sławy jich. Ale weżda (verumtamen) Bog odkupi duszę moję od ręki piekła]
                    • 1930 [c. 1455], “IV Reg”, in Ludwik Bernacki, editor, Biblia królowej Zofii (Biblia szaroszpatacka)transliteration, transcription, 17, 41:
                      Przeto baly syø cy iscy lyvdze boga, ale wszakosz (sed nihilominus) takesz y swim modlam syø klanyaly
                      [Przeto bali się ci iści ludzie Boga, ale wszakoż (sed nihilominus) takież i swym modłam się kłaniali]
                    • 1930 [c. 1455], “Ex”, in Ludwik Bernacki, editor, Biblia królowej Zofii (Biblia szaroszpatacka)transliteration, transcription, 21, 19:
                      Nye bødze wynyen gensze bi gi uraszyl, alye wszdy abi (ita tamen ut) gego roboti a gego nakladi na lekarze ma gemu wroczycz
                      [Nie będzie winien jenże by ji uraził, ale wżdy [aby] (ita tamen ut) jego roboty a jego nakłady na lekarze ma jemu wrocić]
                    • 1939 [end of the 14th century], Ryszard Ganszyniec, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Kubica, Ludwik Bernacki, editors, Psałterz florjański łacińsko-polsko-niemiecki [Sankt Florian Psalter]‎scan transliteration, transcription, numbers 38, 8–9, Krakow: Zakład Narodowy imienia Ossolińskich, z zasiłkiem Sejmu Śląskiego [The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament]:
                      Owa merne poloszil ies dni moie; ... Ale zaprawdø (verumtamen) wszelika prosznoscz prokni (omnis) czlowek sziwøczi. Ale zaprawdø (verumtamen) w obraze przeszedl czlowek
                      [Owa mierne położył jeś dni moje; ... Ale zaprawdę (verumtamen) wszelika prozność prokni (omnis) człowiek żywący. Ale zaprawdę (verumtamen) w obrazie przeszedł człowiek]
                  2. (attested in Lesser Poland) Adds to the previous context; but, however
                  3. (attested in Lesser Poland) Connects non-equivalent sentences; but
                    • 1939 [end of the 14th century], Ryszard Ganszyniec, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Kubica, Ludwik Bernacki, editors, Psałterz florjański łacińsko-polsko-niemiecki [Sankt Florian Psalter]‎scan transliteration, transcription, numbers 130, 3, Krakow: Zakład Narodowy imienia Ossolińskich, z zasiłkiem Sejmu Śląskiego [The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament]:
                      Acz nesmerne gesm rozumal, ale pow[y]szal gesm (sed exaltavi) dusza moyø
                      [Acz nieśmernie jeśm rozumiał, ale pow[y]szał jeśm (sed exaltavi) duszę moję]
                  4. because at least
                    • 1874-1891 [XV med.], Rozprawy i Sprawozdania z Posiedzeń Wydziału Filologicznego Akademii Umiejętności[19], [20], [21], volume XXII, page 245:
                      Zadni pocorni nye gest przes nądze, acz niczs ale smyech ss nyego walayą any go... dbayą
                      [Żadny pokorny nie jest przez nędze, acz niczs ale śmiech s niego walają ani go... dbają]

                  Derived terms

                  conjunction/particle
                  conjunctions

                  Particle

                  ale

                  1. at least
                    • 1930 [c. 1455], “Tob”, in Ludwik Bernacki, editor, Biblia królowej Zofii (Biblia szaroszpatacka)transliteration, transcription, 10, 7:
                      Po wszech drogach byegala..., abi ale z daleka gy gydøcz, moglolybi to bicz, op[r]atrzila (ut procul videret eum, si fieri posset, venientem)
                      [Po wszech drogach biegała..., aby ale z daleka ji jidąc, mogłoliby to być, op[r]atrzyła (ut procul videret eum, si fieri posset, venientem)]
                  2. The meaning of this term is uncertain.
                    • 1915 [1474], Jan Łoś, editor, Przegląd językowych zabytków staropolskich do r. 1543[22], Sieradz, page 540:
                      Novo ale (nusper tamen) pod latym Boszego Narodzena MCCCCXXII osmego dyna ckxaszycza lutego... w mescze ploczskem rzeczony Jan chodzyl
                      [Nowo ale (nusper tamen) pod latym Bożego Narodzenia MCCCCXXII osmego dnia księżyca lutego... w mieście płoczskiem rzeczony Jan chodził]

                  Descendants

                  References

                  • Boryś, Wiesław (2005), “ale”, in Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego (in Polish), Kraków: Wydawnictwo Literackie, →ISBN
                  • Sławski, Franciszek (1958-1965), “ale”, in Jan Safarewicz, Andrzej Siudut, editors, Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego [Etymological dictionary of the Polish language] (in Polish), Kraków: Towarzystwo Miłośników Języka Polskiego
                  • Mańczak, Witold (2017), “ale”, in Polski słownik etymologiczny (in Polish), Kraków: Polska Akademia Umiejętności, →ISBN
                  • Brückner, Aleksander (1927), “ale”, in Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego [Etymological Dictionary of the Polish Language] (in Polish), Warsaw: Wiedza Powszechna
                  • Bańkowski, Andrzej (2000), “ale”, in Etymologiczny słownik języka polskiego [Etymological Dictionary of the Polish Language] (in Polish)
                  • B. Sieradzka-Baziur, Ewa Deptuchowa, Joanna Duska, Mariusz Frodyma, Beata Hejmo, Dorota Janeczko, Katarzyna Jasińska, Krystyna Kajtoch, Joanna Kozioł, Marian Kucała, Dorota Mika, Gabriela Niemiec, Urszula Poprawska, Elżbieta Supranowicz, Ludwika Szelachowska-Winiarzowa, Zofia Wanicowa, Piotr Szpor, Bartłomiej Borek, editors (2011–2015), “ale”, in Słownik pojęciowy języka staropolskiego [Conceptual Dictionary of Old Polish] (in Polish), Kraków: IJP PAN, →ISBN

                  Polish

                  Etymology 1

                    Inherited from Old Polish ale. By surface analysis, univerbation of a +‎ le. For the particle use, compare Hungarian de.

                    Pronunciation

                     
                    • IPA(key): /ˈa.lɛ/
                    • Audio 1:(file)
                    • Audio 2:(file)
                    • Audio 3:(file)
                    • Audio 4:(file)
                    • Audio 5:(file)
                    • Rhymes: -alɛ
                    • Syllabification: a‧le
                    • Homophones: Ale, alę, Alę

                    Conjunction

                    ale

                    1. but (contrastive conjunction)
                      Synonyms: chociaż, jednak, lecz, niemniej, tylko, mimo że
                      Grałem dobrze, ale przegrałem.I played well, but I lost.
                    2. (with nie tylko) not only … but also
                      Synonym: nie tylko … lecz …
                      Jesteś nie tylko głupi, ale też naiwny!You're not only stupid, but also naive!
                    Usage notes
                    Alternative forms

                    Particle

                    ale

                    1. (colloquial) used at the beginning of a sentence for emphasis
                      Synonyms: ależ, ale to
                      Ale masz piękną sukienkę!You have such a beautiful dress!
                      Ale ta zupa jest dobra!This soup is so good!
                      1. (Far Masovian, Przasnysz, Near Masovian, Czersk) used at the beginning of a sentence when telling a story
                    2. used at the beginning of a sentence; similar in meaning to the English "hey, not so fast", especially when used multiple times
                      Ale, ale! Jeszcze z tobą nie skończyłem!Hey, not so fast! I'm not quite done with you yet!
                    3. (with bo) may very well, but, even though, despite
                      Stary, bo stary, ale mocny.He very well may be old, but he's still strong.
                      Trudno bo trudno, ale robi się łatwiej.It may very well be hard, but it's getting easier.
                    4. (Southern Borderlands, Drohobych, sometimes repeated) is that so?
                    5. (Northern Borderlands, Lithuania) synonym of tak (yes)
                    Derived terms
                    particles

                    Noun

                    ale n (indeclinable)

                    1. (colloquial) but
                      Żadnych ale!No buts!

                    Etymology 2

                      Unadapted borrowing from English ale. First attested in the 19th century.[1]

                      Pronunciation

                      • IPA(key): /ˈɛjl/
                      • Audio:(file)
                      • Rhymes: -ɛjl
                      • Syllabification: ale

                      Noun

                      ale n or m inan (indeclinable)

                      1. ale (beer produced by warm fermentation)
                        Hypernym: piwo
                        angielskie aleEnglish ale

                      Etymology 3

                      See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

                      Noun

                      ale f

                      1. dative/locative singular of ała

                      Trivia

                      According to Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990), ale is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 187 times in scientific texts, 66 times in news, 330 times in essays, 552 times in fiction, and 828 times in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 1963 times, making it the 20th most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words.[2]

                      References

                      1. ^ Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861), “ale”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861
                      2. ^ Ida Kurcz (1990), “ale”, in Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej [Frequency dictionary of the Polish language]‎[1] (in Polish), volume 1, Kraków; Warszawa: Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Języka Polskiego, page 5

                      Further reading

                      • ale I”, in Wielki słownik języka polskiego[23] (in Polish), Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
                      • ale II”, in Wielki słownik języka polskiego[24] (in Polish), Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
                      • ale III”, in Wielki słownik języka polskiego[25] (in Polish), Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
                      • ale”, in Polish dictionaries at PWN[26] (in Polish)
                      • Maria Renata Mayenowa; Stanisław Rospond; Witold Taszycki; Stefan Hrabec; Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023), “ale”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]
                      • ALE”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century], 8 June 2022
                      • Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807–1814), “ale”, in Słownik języka polskiego
                      • J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1900), “ale”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), volume 1, Warsaw, page 22
                      • Jan Karłowicz (1900), “ale”, in Słownik gwar polskich [Dictionary of Polish dialects] (in Polish), volume 1: A do E, Kraków: Akademia Umiejętności, page 10
                      • Zofia Stamirowska (1987-2024), “ale”, in Anna Basara, editor, Słownik gwar Ostródzkiego, Warmii i Mazur, volume 1, Zakład Narodowy im. Ossolińskich Wydawnictwo Polskiej Akademii Nauk, →ISBN, pages 119-120

                      Portuguese

                      Etymology

                      Unadapted borrowing from English ale

                      Pronunciation

                       

                      Noun

                      ale f (plural ales)

                      1. ale (a type of English beer)

                      Verb

                      ale

                      1. inflection of alar:
                        1. first/third-person singular present subjunctive
                        2. third-person singular imperative

                      Further reading

                      Romanian

                      Pronunciation

                      • IPA(key): /ˈa.le/

                      Article

                      ale

                      1. of (feminine/neuter plural possessive article)
                        sunt ale mele aici?are mine here?

                      See also

                      • al (masculine/neuter singular)
                      • a (feminine singular)
                      • ai (masculine plural)

                      Serbo-Croatian

                      Etymology

                      Inherited from Proto-Slavic *ali, *ale.

                      Pronunciation

                      • IPA(key): /âle/
                      • Hyphenation: a‧le

                      Conjunction

                      ȁle (Cyrillic spelling а̏ле)

                      1. (Kajkavian) but
                        Alternative form: ȁli
                      2. (Kajkavian) however
                        Alternative form: ȁli

                      Silesian

                      Etymology

                        Inherited from Old Polish ale.

                        Pronunciation

                        • IPA(key): /ˈa.lɛ/
                        • Audio:(file)
                        • Rhymes: -alɛ
                        • Syllabification: a‧le

                        Conjunction

                        ale

                        1. but
                          Synonyms: atoli, jednak, lecz, za to

                        Alternative forms

                        Particle

                        ale

                        1. used at the beginning of a sentence for emphasis

                        Interjection

                        ale

                        1. expresses contradiction

                        Further reading

                        • ale in silling.org

                        Spanish

                        Etymology

                        Unadapted borrowing from English ale.

                        Pronunciation

                        • IPA(key): /ˈeil/ [ˈei̯l]
                        • Rhymes: -eil

                        Noun

                        ale f (plural ales)

                        1. ale (intoxicating liquor)

                        Usage notes

                        According to Royal Spanish Academy (RAE) prescriptions, unadapted foreign words should be written in italics in a text printed in roman type, and vice versa, and in quotation marks in a manuscript text or when italics are not available. In practice, this RAE prescription is not always followed.

                        Further reading

                        Swedish

                        Etymology 1

                        Related to al (alder).

                        Noun

                        ale n

                        1. alderwood, alder (wood from an alder tree)
                          Synonyms: alträ, alvirke
                        Declension
                        Declension of ale
                        nominative genitive
                        singular indefinite ale ales
                        definite alet alets
                        plural indefinite
                        definite

                        Etymology 2

                        Borrowed from English ale.

                        Noun

                        ale c

                        1. ale (type of beer)
                        Declension
                        Declension of ale
                        nominative genitive
                        singular indefinite ale ales
                        definite alen alens
                        plural indefinite
                        definite

                        References

                        Tagalog

                        Alternative forms

                        Etymology

                        Unknown. Possibly from Sanskrit आली (ālī, female friend).

                        Pronunciation

                        • (Standard Tagalog) IPA(key): /ˈʔale/ [ˈʔaː.lɛ]
                        • Rhymes: -ale
                        • Syllabification: a‧le

                        Noun

                        ale (Baybayin spelling ᜀᜎᜒ)

                        1. (colloquial) term of address for a woman
                        2. aunt
                          Synonyms: tita, tiya, tiyang, tiyahin, inain, (slang) tsang
                        3. stepmother
                          Synonyms: inang-panguman, inain, madrastra, tiya, tiyang, tiyahin

                        Derived terms

                        See also

                        References

                        • ale”, in Pinoy Dictionary, 2010–2026.

                        Tarantino

                        Noun

                        ale

                        1. wing (of a bird etc)

                        Ternate

                        Pronunciation

                        • IPA(key): [ˈa.le]

                        Verb

                        ale

                        1. (transitive) to coil

                        Conjugation

                        Conjugation of ale
                        singular plural
                        inclusive exclusive
                        1st person toale foale miale
                        2nd person noale niale
                        3rd
                        person
                        masculine oale iale
                        yoale (archaic)
                        feminine moale
                        neuter iale

                        References

                        • Rika Hayami-Allen (2001), A descriptive study of the language of Ternate, the northern Moluccas, Indonesia, University of Pittsburgh

                        Upper Sorbian

                        Etymology

                        Inherited from Proto-Slavic *ale.

                        Pronunciation

                        • IPA(key): /ˈalɛ/
                        • Rhymes: -alɛ
                        • Hyphenation: ale
                        • Syllabification: a‧le

                        Conjunction

                        ale

                        1. but
                          Synonym: tola
                        2. (coordinating, with a negative in the preceding clause) rather, but (instead)

                        Further reading

                        • ale”, in Mudra corpus [Upper Sorbian–Czech dictionary] (in Czech), 2024–2026
                        • ale” in Soblex

                        West Makian

                        Etymology

                        Compare Sawai wole, ole (bait).

                        Pronunciation

                        • IPA(key): /ˈa.l̪e/

                        Noun

                        ale

                        1. bait

                        References

                        • James Collins (1982), Further Notes Towards a West Makian Vocabulary[27], Pacific linguistics

                        Yoruba

                        Etymology 1

                        Pronunciation

                        • IPA(key): /à.lè/

                        Noun

                        àlè

                        1. concubine, side chick
                          Synonym: wáhàrì
                        Derived terms

                        Etymology 2

                        Pronunciation

                        • IPA(key): /à.lè/

                        Noun

                        àlè

                        1. (Ondo) in-law
                          Synonym: àna