effundo

Latin

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *h₁éǵʰ

Proto-Indo-European *-s

Proto-Indo-European *h₁éǵʰs

Proto-Italic *eks

Latin ex

Latin ex-

Latin fundō

Latin effundō

From ex- (“out of”) + fundō (“pour”).

Pronunciation

(Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [ɛfˈfʊn.doː]
(modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [efˈfun.do]

Verb

effundō (present infinitive effundere, perfect active effūdī, supine effūsum); third conjugation

(of liquids) to pour out, shed, spread abroad, drain off
Synonyms: cōnfundō, fundō, diffundō, dēfundō, differō, indūcō, sternō, dissipō

Eheu! Ego aquam effundo. ― Alas! I pour out the water.
to pour, drive, cast or send out, shower, discharge
Synonyms: ēmittō, prōdō, ēdō
(reflexive or passive voice) to give oneself up to, yield to, indulge in
to lavish, squander, expend, waste, run through
Synonyms: abutor, perdō, conterō, cōnsūmō, dissipō
to cast away, give up, let go, dismiss, resign
Synonyms: dedō, reddō, decedō, omittō, destituō, cedō
to relax, loosen, slacken, let go
(of soldiers) to be scattered, dispersed
to unbind, unlink, release
Synonyms: ēmittō, distrahō, absolvō

Conjugation

Conjugation of effundō (third conjugation)

indicative		singular				plural
indicative		first	second		third	first	second		third
active	present	effundō	effundis		effundit	effundimus	effunditis		effundunt
	imperfect	effundēbam	effundēbās		effundēbat	effundēbāmus	effundēbātis		effundēbant
	future	effundam	effundēs		effundet	effundēmus	effundētis		effundent
	perfect	effūdī	effūdistī		effūdit	effūdimus	effūdistis		effūdērunt, effūdēre
	pluperfect	effūderam	effūderās		effūderat	effūderāmus	effūderātis		effūderant
	future perfect	effūderō	effūderis		effūderit	effūderimus	effūderitis		effūderint
passive	present	effundor	effunderis, effundere		effunditur	effundimur	effundiminī		effunduntur
	imperfect	effundēbar	effundēbāris, effundēbāre		effundēbātur	effundēbāmur	effundēbāminī		effundēbantur
	future	effundar	effundēris, effundēre		effundētur	effundēmur	effundēminī		effundentur
	perfect	effūsus + present active indicative of sum
	pluperfect	effūsus + imperfect active indicative of sum
	future perfect	effūsus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive		singular				plural
subjunctive		first	second		third	first	second		third
active	present	effundam	effundās		effundat	effundāmus	effundātis		effundant
	imperfect	effunderem	effunderēs		effunderet	effunderēmus	effunderētis		effunderent
	perfect	effūderim	effūderīs		effūderit	effūderīmus	effūderītis		effūderint
	pluperfect	effūdissem	effūdissēs		effūdisset	effūdissēmus	effūdissētis		effūdissent
passive	present	effundar	effundāris, effundāre		effundātur	effundāmur	effundāminī		effundantur
	imperfect	effunderer	effunderēris, effunderēre		effunderētur	effunderēmur	effunderēminī		effunderentur
	perfect	effūsus + present active subjunctive of sum
	pluperfect	effūsus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative		singular				plural
imperative		first	second		third	first	second		third
active	present	—	effunde		—	—	effundite		—
active	future	—	effunditō		effunditō	—	effunditōte		effunduntō
passive	present	—	effundere		—	—	effundiminī		—
passive	future	—	effunditor		effunditor	—	—		effunduntor
non-finite forms		infinitive				participle
non-finite forms		active		passive		active		passive
present		effundere		effundī		effundēns		—
future		effūsūrum esse		effūsum īrī		effūsūrus		effundendus, effundundus
perfect		effūdisse		effūsum esse		—		effūsus
future perfect		—		effūsum fore		—		—
perfect potential		effūsūrum fuisse		—		—		—
verbal nouns		gerund					supine
		genitive	dative		accusative	ablative	accusative		ablative
		effundendī	effundendō		effundendum	effundendō	effūsum		effūsū

Derived terms

Related terms

Descendants

→ English: effund, effuse
→ Italian: effondere
→ Portuguese: efundir
→ Sicilian: ffùnniri
→ Spanish: efundir

References

“effundo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
“effundo”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
effundo in Enrico Olivetti, editor (2003-2026), Dizionario Latino, Olivetti Media Communication
“effundo”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894), Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
- the river is over its banks, is in flood: flumen super ripas effunditur
- to burst into a flood of tears: lacrimas, vim lacrimarum effundere, profundere
- to be bathed in tears: in lacrimas effundi or lacrimis perfundi
- to shed one's blood for one's fatherland: sanguinem suum pro patria effundere or profundere
- to find relief in tears: dolorem in lacrimas effundere
- to vent one's anger, spite on some one: virus acerbitatis suae effundere in aliquem (De Amic. 23. 87)
- to vent one's anger, spite on some one: iram in aliquem effundere
- to plunge into excesses, a career of excess: in luxuriam effundi
- to squander one's money, one's patrimony: effundere, profundere pecuniam, patrimonium