speien
German
Alternative forms
- speiben (Austria, Bavaria, chiefly informal)
- speuen (obsolete, still dialectal (Alemannic, Rhenish))
Etymology
From Middle High German spīen, from older spīwen, from Old High German spīwan, from Proto-West Germanic *spīwan, from Proto-Germanic *spīwaną. Compare Dutch spuwen, spugen, English spew, Danish spy.
Pronunciation
Verb
speien (class 1 strong, third-person singular present speit, past tense spie, past participle gespien, auxiliary haben) (higher register)
- to spit
- Synonym: spucken
- (formerly euphemistic) to vomit
- Synonyms: sich übergeben, brechen, erbrechen, kotzen; (euphemistic) spucken, wieder von sich geben, nicht bei sich behalten
- 2000, “Türlich, türlich”[1]performed by Das Bo:
- Ich bring ihm wieder Tanzen bei / Und rauch da auch noch Pflanzen bei / Ihr wisst, dass bei dem ganzen Brei / Ich Kindern in den Ranzen spei
- I’m teaching him to dance again / Smoking plants at the same time / You know that with all this stuff [lit. pap, mush] / I puke into children’s schoolbags
Usage notes
- At least in northern and central Germany, the word no longer appears in normal, stylistically unmarked parlance except in a few specific contexts. For example:
- Der Drache speit Feuer. ― The dragon spews / breathes fire.
- Der Löwenkopf speit Wasser. ― The lion’s head spouts water [at a public fountain].
Conjugation
Conjugation of speien (class 1 strong, auxiliary haben)
| infinitive | speien | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present participle | speiend | ||||
| past participle | gespien | ||||
| auxiliary | haben | ||||
| indicative | subjunctive | ||||
| singular | plural | singular | plural | ||
| present | ich speie | wir speien | i | ich speie | wir speien |
| du speist | ihr speit | du speiest | ihr speiet | ||
| er speit | sie speien | er speie | sie speien | ||
| preterite | ich spie | wir spien | ii | ich spie1 | wir spien1 |
| du spiest | ihr spiet | du spiest1 | ihr spiet1 | ||
| er spie | sie spien | er spie1 | sie spien1 | ||
| imperative | spei (du) speie (du) |
speit (ihr) | |||
1Rare except in very formal contexts; alternative in würde normally preferred.
Composed forms of speien (class 1 strong, auxiliary haben)
- The forms spien, gespien are usually pronounced with [iːən], while spie, spiest, spiet have [iː] as preterites, but [iːə] as subjunctives. Formerly common spellings such as spiee, gespieen are contrary to the rule (cf. Partien) and have been nonstandard since 1996.