puter
English
Alternative forms
Pronunciation
- (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /ˈpjuː.tə/
- (General American) IPA(key): /ˈpju.təɹ/
- (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /ˈpjʉː.tə/
Audio (General Australian): (file) - Rhymes: -uːtə(ɹ)
Noun
puter (plural puters)
- (childish, Internet slang, often endearing) Clipping of computer
- Synonym: comp
- I love my puter. All my friends are inside it.
Anagrams
Javanese
Etymology
From Old Javanese putĕr.
Verb
puter
- to turn
Latin
Etymology
From a stem *pŭtri-, commonly considered a close cognate to Old Irish othar m (“sickness”) (from a stem pŭtro-), from Proto-Indo-European *puH- (“rotten, foul”)[1] (also the source of Latin pūs (“pus, foul matter”) and pūteō (“to be rotten”) and English foul; see links for additional cognates).
It is uncertain why *pŭtri- and *pŭtro- have short *ŭ, since the rules for the evolution of preconsonantal Proto-Indo-European *-uH- in Italic and Celtic are disputed. Proposed explanations include:
- shortening of long vowels in a pretonic syllable (*puH-trí- > *pūtrí- > putri-)[2] (sometimes called "Dybo's Law"). As there are a number of apparent counterexamples to this sound change, it is often proposed that it was only regular in certain conditions, but there is no agreement on what those conditions were.
- simplification of a laryngeal before a two-consonant *-TC- sequence,[2] or more specifically, before a stop + resonant + vowel (sometimes called the "Weather Rule", "Wetter-Regel" or "WR")
- a variant root form *pHu-.[2] (However, Zair 2012 argues that the sequences *CHiC-/*CHuC- probably underwent metathesis to *CiHC-/*CuHC- in Proto-Indo-European.[1])
Like all other Latin three-termination third-declension adjectives, the nominative forms were affected by a combination of sound changes and analogy. The masculine nominative singular puter (rare; found in Varro and Ovid) would be the regular phonetic outcome of an earlier form *putr̥s (with syllabic *r̥), from syncope of original putris. (Compare ter from Proto-Indo-European *trís.) It is also declined as a two-termination adjective with the alternative masculine nominative singular putris (e.g. "lapis ipse gracilis et putris", Pliny Epistulae 10.39).
Pronunciation
- (Classical Latin) IPA(key): [ˈpʊ.tɛr]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): [ˈpuː.ter]
Adjective
puter or putris (feminine putris, neuter putre); third-declension three-termination adjective
Declension
Third-declension three-termination adjective.
| singular | plural | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | feminine | neuter | masculine | feminine | neuter | ||
| nominative | puter putris |
putris | putre | putrēs | putria | ||
| genitive | putris | putrium | |||||
| dative | putrī | putribus | |||||
| accusative | putrem | putre | putrīs putrēs |
putria | |||
| ablative | putrī | putribus | |||||
| vocative | puter putris |
putris | putre | putrēs | putria | ||
Synonyms
Derived terms
Descendants
- Asturian: podre
- English: putrid
- Galician: podre
- Italian: putre
- Kabuverdianu: podri
- Papiamentu: putrí
- Portuguese: podre
- Spanish: podre
- → Proto-Brythonic: *pudr
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Zair, Nicholas (2012), The Reflexes of the Proto-Indo-European Laryngeals in Celtic, pages 112, 131-132, 155
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Schrijver, Peter C. H. (1991), The reflexes of the Proto-Indo-European laryngeals in Latin (Leiden studies in Indo-European; 2), Amsterdam, Atlanta: Rodopi, →ISBN, page 339
Further reading
- “puter”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “puter”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
Norwegian Bokmål
Noun
puter m or f
- indefinite plural of pute
Norwegian Nynorsk
Noun
puter f
- indefinite plural of pute
Serbo-Croatian
Etymology
Borrowed from German Butter (pronounced with initial unaspirated [p] in an Austro-Bavarian accent), from Middle High German buter, from Old High German butira, from Proto-West Germanic *buterā, from Latin būtȳrum, from Ancient Greek βούτῡρον (boútūron).
Noun
pȕter m inan (Cyrillic spelling пу̏тер)