excuso

excuso

See also: excusó

Catalan

Verb

excuso

  1. first-person singular present indicative of excusar

Latin

Etymology

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *h₁éǵʰ
Proto-Indo-European *-s
Proto-Indo-European *h₁éǵʰs
Proto-Italic *eks
Latin ex
Latin ex-
Proto-Italic *kaussā
Old Latin caussa
Latin causa
Proto-Indo-European *-h₂
Proto-Indo-European *-éh₂
Proto-Indo-European *-yéti
Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂yéti
Proto-Italic *-āō
Latin -ō
Latin excūsō

    From ex- + causa (“cause, reason; case”) + -ō.

    Pronunciation

    Verb

    excūsō (present infinitive excūsāre, perfect active excūsāvī, supine excūsātum); first conjugation

    1. to excuse, allege in excuse, free from a charge
    2. to cite as an excuse or pretext or justification
    3. to exempt, dispense
    4. to justify by an excuse
      • Saint Jerome
        Dum excusare credis, accusas
        When you believe you are excusing yourself, you are accusing yourself.

    Conjugation

       Conjugation of excūsō (first conjugation)
    indicative singular plural
    first second third first second third
    active present excūsō excūsās excūsat excūsāmus excūsātis excūsant
    imperfect excūsābam excūsābās excūsābat excūsābāmus excūsābātis excūsābant
    future excūsābō excūsābis excūsābit excūsābimus excūsābitis excūsābunt
    perfect excūsāvī excūsāvistī,
    excūsāstī1     		excūsāvit,
    excūsāt1     		excūsāvimus,
    excūsāmus1     		excūsāvistis,
    excūsāstis1     		excūsāvērunt,
    excūsārunt,
    excūsāvēre1
    pluperfect excūsāveram,
    excūsāram1     		excūsāverās,
    excūsārās1     		excūsāverat,
    excūsārat1     		excūsāverāmus,
    excūsārāmus1     		excūsāverātis,
    excūsārātis1     		excūsāverant,
    excūsārant1
    future perfect excūsāverō,
    excūsārō1     		excūsāveris,
    excūsāris1     		excūsāverit,
    excūsārit1     		excūsāverimus,
    excūsārimus1     		excūsāveritis,
    excūsāritis1     		excūsāverint,
    excūsārint1
    passive present excūsor excūsāris,
    excūsāre     		excūsātur excūsāmur excūsāminī excūsantur
    imperfect excūsābar excūsābāris,
    excūsābāre     		excūsābātur excūsābāmur excūsābāminī excūsābantur
    future excūsābor excūsāberis,
    excūsābere     		excūsābitur excūsābimur excūsābiminī excūsābuntur
    perfect excūsātus + present active indicative of sum
    pluperfect excūsātus + imperfect active indicative of sum
    future perfect excūsātus + future active indicative of sum
    subjunctive singular plural
    first second third first second third
    active present excūsem excūsēs excūset excūsēmus excūsētis excūsent
    imperfect excūsārem excūsārēs excūsāret excūsārēmus excūsārētis excūsārent
    perfect excūsāverim,
    excūsārim1     		excūsāverīs,
    excūsārīs1     		excūsāverit,
    excūsārit1     		excūsāverīmus,
    excūsārīmus1     		excūsāverītis,
    excūsārītis1     		excūsāverint,
    excūsārint1
    pluperfect excūsāvissem,
    excūsāssem1     		excūsāvissēs,
    excūsāssēs1     		excūsāvisset,
    excūsāsset1     		excūsāvissēmus,
    excūsāssēmus1     		excūsāvissētis,
    excūsāssētis1     		excūsāvissent,
    excūsāssent1
    passive present excūser excūsēris,
    excūsēre     		excūsētur excūsēmur excūsēminī excūsentur
    imperfect excūsārer excūsārēris,
    excūsārēre     		excūsārētur excūsārēmur excūsārēminī excūsārentur
    perfect excūsātus + present active subjunctive of sum
    pluperfect excūsātus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
    imperative singular plural
    first second third first second third
    active present — excūsā — — excūsāte —
    future — excūsātō excūsātō — excūsātōte excūsantō
    passive present — excūsāre — — excūsāminī —
    future — excūsātor excūsātor — — excūsantor
    non-finite forms infinitive participle
    active passive active passive
    present excūsāre excūsārī excūsāns —
    future excūsātūrum esse excūsātum īrī excūsātūrus excūsandus
    perfect excūsāvisse,
    excūsāsse1     		excūsātum esse — excūsātus
    future perfect — excūsātum fore — —
    perfect potential excūsātūrum fuisse — — —
    verbal nouns gerund supine
    genitive dative accusative ablative accusative ablative
    excūsandī excūsandō excūsandum excūsandō excūsātum excūsātū

    1At least one rare poetic syncopated perfect form is attested.

    Derived terms

    Descendants

    • Catalan: excusar
    • Old French: escuser
    • Galician: escusar
    • Italian: scusare
    • Occitan: excusar
    • Portuguese: escusar
    • Romanian: scuza
    • Sardinian: iscugiare
    • Spanish: excusar
    • → Welsh: esgus

    References

    • “excuso”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
    • “excuso”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
    • “excuso”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
    • Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894), Latin Phrase-Book‎[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
      • to excuse oneself on the score of health: valetudinem (morbum) excusare (Liv. 6. 22. 7)
      • to plead ill-health as an excuse for absence: excusare morbum, valetudinem

    Spanish

    Verb

    excuso

    1. first-person singular present indicative of excusar
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