January
English
Etymology
Proto-Indo-European *yeh₂-der. Proto-Indo-European *-yósder. Middle English Janevere English January
From Middle English Januarie, januari, re-latinised forms of Middle English Janevere, Ieneuer, from Anglo-Norman genever, from Latin Iānuārius (“(month) of Janus”), a compound of Iānus ("Janus") + -ārius (adjectival suffix), with the first element perhaps from the Proto-Indo-European root *yeh₂- (“to go”). Doublet of Gennaro.
Pronunciation
- (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /ˈd͡ʒæn.jʊ.ə.ɹi/, /ˈd͡ʒæn.jə.ɹi/ or as US
- (US) enPR: jănʹyo͞o-ĕr'ē, IPA(key): /ˈd͡ʒæn.juˌɛɹi/, /ˈd͡ʒæn.juˌæɹi/
- (General Australian) IPA(key): /ˈd͡ʒæn.jʉˌeːɹi/, /ˈd͡ʒæn.jəɹi/, /ˈd͡ʒæn.ɹi/
- (Ireland) IPA(key): /ˈd͡ʒan.jʉuˌəɹi/
- (Dublin) IPA(key): /ˈd͡ʒæn.juˌwəɹi/
- (Indic) IPA(key): /ˈdʒanwəri/, /ˈdʒan(j)ʊwəri/, /dʒən(ə)wəˈri/
- (obsolete) IPA(key): /ˈd͡ʒɪnəˌwɛəɹi/, /ˈd͡ʒɪnəˌweɪɹi/[1]
- (US) Hyphenation: Jan‧u‧ary[2]
- (UK) Hyphenation: Janu‧ary
Proper noun
January (plural Januaries or Januarys)
- The first month of the Gregorian calendar, following the December of the previous year and preceding February.
- Alternative forms: Jan, Jan., JAN, 1
- Synonym: (Quakerism) First Month
- Holonyms: calendar year; year
- Comeronyms: February, March, April, May, June, July, August, September, October, November, December
- 01/01/09 : Thursday, 1st January(,) 2009.
- American style: Thursday, January 1st, 2009.
I hate Januarys: it's always too cold.
2020 June 30, Sophie Atkinson, “Andy Warhol’s Secrets for Surviving Isolation”, in The New York Times[2], archived from the original on 4 November 2020:I get sick a lot in the winter, so I spent this past January as I’ve spent many Januaries before it — in bed with a standard-issue flu.
2021 December 13, Amir Vera, “Louisville detective who fatally shot Breonna Taylor is appealing his termination from the police department”, in CNN[3], archived from the original on 27 March 2022:The Louisville Metro Police Department terminated Detective Myles Cosgrove in January for use of deadly force for firing 16 rounds into Taylor’s home and failing to activate his body camera, according to a copy of his termination letter.
- (rare) A female given name transferred from the month name [in turn from English].
2011, Michael Schofield, January First:“Hi, January!” Lynn calls. “Happy birthday!”
Derived terms
Descendants
Translations
first month of the Gregorian calendar
- Abaza: гъынчыльа (ɣənćəlᶻa)
- Abkhaz: ажьырныҳәа (ažərnəḥʷa)
- Afrikaans: Januarie (af)
- Ainu: ルチュㇷ゚ (ruchup)
- Akan: Ɔpɛpɔn
- Alabama: lokbahaháhpa
- Albanian: Janari (sq), janar, kallnor (sq), djegqerrës (sq)
- Alutiiq: Cuqllirpaaq Iraluq
- Amharic: ጃንዩዌሪ (ǧanyuweri)
- Apache:
- Western Apache: Dził Bilátahgai, Shashké', Binii' Idichíhé
- Arabic: يَنَايِر (ar) m (yanāyir), كَانُون اَلثَّانِي (ar) m (kānūn aṯ-ṯānī)
- Egyptian Arabic: يناير (yanāyir)
- Moroccan Arabic: يناير (yanāyir)
- Aragonese: chinero (an) m
- Aramaic:
- Assyrian Neo-Aramaic: ܟܵܢܘܿܢ ܬܪܲܝܵܢܵܐ m (kānōn trayyānā), ܟܵܢܘܿܢ ܐ݇ܚܵܪܵܝܵܐ m (kānōn ḥārāyā), ܝܲܢܘܵܪܝܘܿܣ (yanwāryōs)
- Armenian: հունվար (hy) (hunvar)
- Old Armenian: յունուար (yunuar)
- Aromanian: yinar, gulugeu
- Asturian: xineru (ast) m
- Aymara: chichu phaxsi
- Azerbaijani: yanvar (az)
- Banjarese: Januari
- Bashkir: ғинуар (ğinwar)
- Basque: urtarril (eu)
- Belarusian: сту́дзень (be) m (stúdzjenʹ)
- Bengali: জানুয়ারি (bn) (januẏari)
- Bikol:
- Central Bikol: Enero (bcl)
- Bislama: januware
- Breton: Genver (br), miz genver
- Buginese: januari
- Bulgarian: януа́ри (bg) m (januári)
- Burmese: ဇန်နဝါရီ (my) (janna.wari), တစ်လ (tacla.)
- Buryat: нэгэдэхи һара (negedexi hara), нэгэдүгээр һара (negedügeer hara)
- Catalan: gener (ca) m
- Cebuano: Enero, Ulalong
- Chavacano: enero
- Chechen: Дечкен-бутт (Dečken-butt)
- Cherokee: ᎤᏃᎸᏔᏂ (unolvtani)
- Chichewa: Januwale
- Chickasaw: Hashi' Ammo'na'
- Chinese:
- Cantonese: 一月 (jat1 jyut6)
- Dungan: җынйүә (žɨnyüə)
- Hakka: 一月 (yit-ngie̍t)
- Hokkien: 一月 (it-go̍eh, it-ge̍h, it-gōe)
- Mandarin: 一月 (zh) (yīyuè), 元月 (zh) (yuányuè)
- Chukchi: ынпылювлен (ynpyljuvlen), чьачаӈԓьоргын (čʹačaṇḷʹorgyn)
- Chuvash: кӑрлач (kărlač)
- Circassian:
- West Circassian: щылэ маз (śəlɛ maz)
- Coptic: ⲓⲁⲛⲟⲩⲁⲣⲓⲟⲥ (ianouarios)
- Cornish: Genver m, Mys Genver, mis Genver
- Corsican: ghjennaghju (co) m
- Cree:
- Atikamekw: Kenositc pisimw
- Montagnais: tshishe-pishimᵘ
- Crimean Tatar: yanvar
- Czech: leden (cs) m
- Dakota: Witeȟi
- Danish: januar (da) c
- Dhivehi: ޖެނުއަރީ (jenuarī)
- Dusun:
- Central Dusun: Milatok
- Dutch: januari (nl) m
- Old Dutch: wintermānoth
- Dzongkha: སྤྱི་ཟླ་དང་པ། (spyi zla dang pa)
- Emilian: żnèr m
- Erzya: якшамков (jakšamkov)
- Esperanto: januaro (eo), Januaro (eo)
- Estonian: jaanuar (et)
- Etruscan: 𐌀𐌍𐌉𐌀𐌗 (aniax)
- Ewe: Dzove, Yanuar
- Extremaduran: eneru
- Faroese: januar m
- Fijian: Janueri
- Fiji Hindi: january
- Finnish: tammikuu (fi)
- Franco-Provençal: janviér
- French: janvier (fr) m
- Frisian:
- North Frisian:
- Föhr-Amrum: janewoore m
- Mooring: ismoune m, januar m
- Saterland Frisian: Januoar
- West Frisian: jannewaris (fy) c, foarmoanne (fy)
- Friulian: Zenâr m, Genâr
- Gagauz: Büük ay
- Galician: xaneiro (gl) m
- Georgian: იანვარი (ka) (ianvari)
- German: Januar (de) m, Jänner (de) m (southern Germany, Austria, Switzerland), Hartung (de) m (poetic)
- Alemannic German: januar
- Central Franconian: Januar
- Gilbertese: Tianuari
- Greek: Ιανουάριος (el) m (Ianouários)
- Ancient Greek: Ἰανουάριος (Ianouários)
- Greenlandic: januaari, qaammaliaq
- Guarani:
- Paraguayan Guarani: (please verify) jasyteĩ
- Gujarati: જાન્યુઆરી (gu) (jānyuārī)
- Haitian Creole: janvye
- Hausa: Janairu (ha)
- Hawaiian: Ianuali
- Hebrew: יָנוּאָר (he) m (yánuar)
- Hiligaynon: ulalong
- Hindi: जनवरी (hi) f (janvarī)
- Hungarian: január (hu)
- Hunsrik: Januar m
- Icelandic: janúar (is) m, janúarmánuður m
- Ido: januaro (io)
- Igbo: january
- Ilocano: enero
- Indonesian: Januari (id)
- Ingrian: janvari, syänkuu (obsolete)
- Interlingua: januario (ia)
- Inuktitut: ᔭᓐᓄᐊᓕ (iu) (yannoali)
- Inupiaq: Aullaqtuġvik
- Irish: Eanáir (ga) f, Mí Eanáir
- Italian: gennaio (it) m
- Jamaican Creole: Janiweri
- Japanese: 一月 (ja) (いちがつ, ichigatsu), (archaic) 睦月 (ja) (むつき, mutsuki)
- Javanese: Januar, Januari
- Kabuverdianu: janeru
- Kabyle: yennayer
- Kalmyk: туула сар (tuula sar)
- Kambera: wulang hau
- Kannada: ಜನವರಿ (janavari)
- Kapampangan: Kaumpisang búlan, Enéru,
- Kashubian: stëcznik (csb)
- Kazakh: қаңтар (kk) (qañtar)
- Khmer: មករា (km) (mĕəʼkaʼraa)
- Kikuyu: Mũgaa
- Komi:
- Komi-Zyrian: январ (janvar), тӧв шӧр (töv šör)
- Kongo: yanwadi
- Korean: 일월(一月) (ko) (irwol), 1월 (ko) (1wol), 정월(正月) (ko) (jeong'wol)
- Kurdish:
- Central Kurdish: کانوونی دوھەم (kanûnî duhem), کانوونی دووەم (ckb) (kanûnî duwem)
- Northern Kurdish: rêbendan (ku), kanûna duyem (ku)
- Kyrgyz: январь (ky) (yanvar)
- Ladin: jené
- Ladino: jenero
- Lakota: Wiótheȟika wí
- Lao: ມັງກອນ (lo) (mang kǭn)
- Latin: Iānuārius (la) m
- Latvian: janvāris (lv) m
- Lezgi: гьер (her)
- Ligurian: zenâ m
- Limburgish: Jannewarie
- Lingala: yanwali, sánzá ya yambo (ln)
- Lithuanian: sausis (lt) m
- Livonian: janvār, ūdāigast kū
- Lombard: zenèr
- Low German:
- Dutch Low Saxon: jannewaori
- German Low German: Januar m
- Middle Low German: Januarius, Jenner
- Luxembourgish: Januar (lb) m, Haartmount (lb) m, Jannewarie
- Macedonian: јануа́ри (mk) m (januári)
- Malagasy: janoary (mg)
- Malay: Januari (ms)
- Malayalam: ജനുവരി (ml) (januvari)
- Maltese: Jannar (mt) m
- Manchu: ᠠᠨᡳᠶᠠ
ᠪᡳᠶᠠ (aniya biya)
- Manx: Jerrey Geuree
- Māori: Kohi-tātea, Hānuere
- Marathi: जानेवारी (jānevārī), जानेवारी महिना (jānevārī mahinā)
- Mingrelian: ღურთუთა (ɣurtuta)
- Mirandese: Janeiro m
- Mòcheno: genner m
- Moksha: январьгов (janvaŕgov)
- Mongolian:
- Cyrillic: нэгдүгээр сар (negdügeer sar)
- Nahuatl: tlacēnti (nah)
- Navajo: Yas Niłtʼees
- Neapolitan: jennaro, iennaro, gennàio
- Negerhollands: Januarie
- Norman: janvyi, Janvyi m (Jersey)
- Northern Sotho: Pherekgong
- Norwegian:
- Bokmål: januar (no) m
- Nynorsk: januar (nn) m
- Occitan: genièr (oc) m
- Odia: ଜାନୁଆରୀ (or) (jānuāri)
- Ojibwe: gichi-manidoo-giizis
- Old Church Slavonic:
- Cyrillic: просиньць m (prosinĭcĭ), еноуар҄ь m (enuarʹĭ), еньвар҄ь m (enĭvarʹĭ), г҄еноуар҄ь m (gʹjenuarʹĭ), г҄еньвар҄ь m (gʹjenĭvarʹĭ)
- Old English: æfterra ġēola m, Ianuarius m
- Old Prussian: Janwārs, Rags
- Oromo: Amajjii (om)
- Pannonian Rusyn: януар m (januar)
- Pashto: جنوري (ps) f (ǰanwarí)
- Pennsylvania German: Yanuaar, Yenar, Yenner
- Persian:
- Dari: جَنْوَرِی (janwarī)
- Iranian Persian: ژانْوِیِه (žânviye)
- Piedmontese: gené
- Pitcairn-Norfolk: jaenyuweri
- Plautdietsch: Jaunewoa m
- Polish: styczeń (pl) m inan
- Portuguese: janeiro (pt) m
- Punjabi: ਜਨਵਰੀ m (janvarī)
- Quechua: qhulla puquy killa
- Rapa Nui: Tu'u a Haro
- Romanian: ianuarie (ro) m, (pop) gerar (ro), (pop) cărindar (ro)
- Romansh: schaner m, schner m
- Russian: янва́рь (ru) m (janvárʹ)
- Sami:
- Inari Sami: uđđâivemáánu
- Kildin Sami: о̄дтыгкьма̄нн (ōdtygk’mānn)
- Lule Sami: ådåjakmánno, ådåjakmákmanno
- Northern Sami: ođđajagimánnu
- Skolt Sami: ođđeeʹjjmään
- Southern Sami: tsïengele
- Samoan: ianuari
- Samogitian: sausis
- Sardinian: gennaxu, ghennàrgiu
- Campidanese: gennàrgiu
- Logudorese: gennàrzu, bennàrzu
- Scots: Januar
- Scottish Gaelic: am Faoilleach
- Sekani: Tlįį duchę̀’ ’ehdasde
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Cyrillic: јануар m, сечањ m, сијечањ m
- Latin: januar (sh) m, sečanj m, siječanj (sh) m
- Shona: Kurume
- Sicilian: jinnaru (scn) m
- Silesian: styczyń m
- Sinhalese: ජනවාරි (si) (janawāri)
- Slovak: január (sk) m
- Slovene: jánuar (sl) m
- Somali: jannaayo (so)
- Sorbian:
- Lower Sorbian: januar m, wezymski m
- Upper Sorbian: januar m, wulki róžk (archaic)
- Sotho: Pherekgong (st)
- Southern Altai: январь (yanvarʹ)
- Spanish: enero (es) m
- Sundanese: Januari
- Svan: ქვა̈ხ (kväx)
- Swahili: Januari
- Swazi: Bhimbídvwane
- Swedish: januari (sv) c, torsmånad (sv) c (obsolete)
- Tagalog: Enero
- Tahitian: tēnuare
- Tajik: январ (tg) (yanvar)
- Tamil: ஜனவரி (ta) (jaṉavari)
- Taos: sə̀onpʼóna
- Tarantino: scennare
- Tashelhit: ⵉⵏⵏⴰⵢⵔ (innayr)
- Tatar: гыйнвар (tt) (ğıynwar)
- Tày: bươn chiêng, bươn ết
- Telugu: జనవరి (te) (janavari)
- Tetum: janeiru
- Thai: มกราคม (th) (má-gà-raa-kom)
- Tibetan: ཟླ་དང་པོ (zla dang po)
- Tok Pisin: janueri
- Tokelauan: Ianuali
- Tongan: Sānuali
- Turkish: ocak (tr), kânunusani (tr) (archaic), büyük ay
- Turkmen: ýanwar
- Udmurt: толшор (tolšor)
- Ukrainian: сі́чень (uk) m (síčenʹ)
- Urdu: جَنْوَری (ur) f (janvarī)
- Uyghur: يانۋار (yanwar), بىرىنچى ئاي (birinchi ay)
- Uzbek: yanvar (uz)
- Vai: ꘀꕇꖿꔒ (Jɛ́níwɔle)
- Venetan: zenaro, genaro m
- Veps: viluku
- Vietnamese: tháng giêng (vi), tháng một (vi)
- Volapük: yanul (vo)
- Võro: vahtsõaastakuu, kaarnakuu
- Walloon: djanvî (wa)
- Waray-Waray: enero
- Welsh: Ionawr (cy) f
- West Flemish: (please verify) januoari
- Winnebago: Hųųc wiconįra wiira
- Wolof: Semwiyee
- Xhosa: eyoMqungu, uJanuwari class 1a/2a
- Yakut: Тохсунньу (Toqsunňu)
- Yiddish: יאַנואַר (yi) m (yanuar)
- Yup'ik: Kanruyauciq
- Zazaki: zemperiye, çele (diq)
- Zulu: uMasingana (zu) class 1a/2a, uJanuwari (zu) class 1a/2a
- Zuni: Dayamcho Yachunne
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See also
References
- ^ Hall, Joseph Sargent (2 March 1942), “2. The Vowel Sounds of Unstressed and Partially Stressed Syllables”, in The Phonetics of Great Smoky Mountain Speech (American Speech: Reprints and Monographs; 4), New York: King's Crown Press, →DOI, →ISBN, § II.4, page 68.
- ^ Hyphenation exception log, Barbara Beeton, 2015, online at [1]
Tagalog
Etymology
Proto-Indo-European *yeh₂-der. Proto-Indo-European *-yósder. Middle English Janevere Tagalog January Borrowed from English January, from Middle English Januarie, from Janevere, borrowed from Anglo-Norman genever, from Latin Iānuārius, from Iānus (“Janus”) + -ārius. Doublet of Enero.
Pronunciation
- (Standard Tagalog) IPA(key): /d͡ʒanjuˈaɾi/ [d͡ʒɐnˈɲwaː.ɾɪ]
- IPA(key): (no palatal assimilation) /djanjuˈaɾi/ [d̪jɐn̪.jʊˈaː.ɾɪ]
- Rhymes: -aɾi
- Syllabification: Jan‧ua‧ry
Proper noun
January (Baybayin spelling ᜇ᜔ᜌᜈ᜔ᜌᜓᜏᜇᜒ)
- a female given name from English
- a male given name from English
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