offero

Latin

Alternative forms

obferō

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *h₁ep-der.

Proto-Indo-European *h₁epsder.

Proto-Indo-European *h₁epi

Proto-Italic *op

Latin ob

Latin ob-

Proto-Indo-European *bʰer-

Proto-Indo-European *bʰéreti

Proto-Italic *ferō

Latin ferō

Latin offerō

From ob- (“owards”) + ferō (“to bear, carry”).

Pronunciation

(Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [ˈɔf.fɛ.roː]
(modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [ˈɔf.fe.ro]

Verb

offerō (present infinitive offerre, perfect active obtulī, supine oblātum); third conjugation, suppletive

to bring before or bring to, present, offer, bestow, show, place before, exhibit, expose
Synonyms: prōferō, sufferō, prōpōnō, afferō, porrigō, polliceor, obiciō, praebeō, expōnō, summittō, dōnō, condōnō, largior, moveō
- 29 BCE – 19 BCE, Vergilius, Aeneis 2.589–592:
  “Cum mihi sē nōn ante oculīs tam clāra videndam
  obtulit et pūrā per noctem in lūce refulsit:
  alma parēns, cōnfessa deam, quālīsque vidērī
  caelicolīs et quanta solet [...].”
  “When [suddenly] she presented herself to me – far brighter than [I had] ever seen [her] before – worthy to be viewed, and with clarity, shining through the darkness in [all her] splendor: [my] gracious mother, revealed [as a] goddess, both in form and stature as she was wont to appear to the heaven-dwelling gods.”
  (Venus reveals her divine appearance to Aeneas.)
to cause, occasion, inflict
Synonyms: indō, pariō, ēdō, importō, addūcō, īnferō, afferō, efficiō, iniciō
(Ecclesiastical Latin) to offer to God, consecrate, dedicate
(Ecclesiastical Latin) to offer up, sacrifice

Conjugation

Conjugation of offerō (third conjugation, suppletive)

indicative		singular				plural
indicative		first	second		third	first	second		third
active	present	offerō	offers		offert	offerimus	offertis		offerunt
	imperfect	offerēbam	offerēbās		offerēbat	offerēbāmus	offerēbātis		offerēbant
	future	offeram	offerēs		offeret	offerēmus	offerētis		offerent
	perfect	obtulī	obtulistī		obtulit	obtulimus	obtulistis		obtulērunt, obtulēre
	pluperfect	obtuleram	obtulerās		obtulerat	obtulerāmus	obtulerātis		obtulerant
	future perfect	obtulerō	obtuleris		obtulerit	obtulerimus	obtuleritis		obtulerint
passive	present	offeror	offerris, offerre		offertur	offerimur	offeriminī		offeruntur
	imperfect	offerēbar	offerēbāris, offerēbāre		offerēbātur	offerēbāmur	offerēbāminī		offerēbantur
	future	offerar	offerēris, offerēre		offerētur	offerēmur	offerēminī		offerentur
	perfect	oblātus + present active indicative of sum
	pluperfect	oblātus + imperfect active indicative of sum
	future perfect	oblātus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive		singular				plural
subjunctive		first	second		third	first	second		third
active	present	offeram	offerās		offerat	offerāmus	offerātis		offerant
	imperfect	offerrem	offerrēs		offerret	offerrēmus	offerrētis		offerrent
	perfect	obtulerim	obtulerīs		obtulerit	obtulerīmus	obtulerītis		obtulerint
	pluperfect	obtulissem	obtulissēs		obtulisset	obtulissēmus	obtulissētis		obtulissent
passive	present	offerar	offerāris, offerāre		offerātur	offerāmur	offerāminī		offerantur
	imperfect	offerrer	offerrēris, offerrēre		offerrētur	offerrēmur	offerrēminī		offerrentur
	perfect	oblātus + present active subjunctive of sum
	pluperfect	oblātus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative		singular				plural
imperative		first	second		third	first	second		third
active	present	—	offer		—	—	offerte		—
active	future	—	offertō		offertō	—	offertōte		offeruntō
passive	present	—	offerre		—	—	offeriminī		—
passive	future	—	offertor		offertor	—	—		offeruntor
non-finite forms		infinitive				participle
non-finite forms		active		passive		active		passive
present		offerre		offerrī		offerēns		—
future		oblātūrum esse		oblātum īrī		oblātūrus		offerendus, offerundus
perfect		obtulisse		oblātum esse		—		oblātus
future perfect		—		oblātum fore		—		—
perfect potential		oblātūrum fuisse		—		—		—
verbal nouns		gerund					supine
		genitive	dative		accusative	ablative	accusative		ablative
		offerendī	offerendō		offerendum	offerendō	oblātum		oblātū

Derived terms

Related terms

Descendants

Insular Romance:
- Sardinian: oferrere, oferri, oferriri
⇒ Vulgar Latin: *offerīre (see there for further descendants)
→ Proto-West Germanic: *offrōn (see there for further descendants)

References

“offero”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
“offero”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
“offero”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894), Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
- to sacrifice oneself for one's country: se morti offerre pro salute patriae
- a favourable[1] opportunity presents itself: occasio datur, offertur
- to expose oneself to peril: periculis se offerre
- to risk one's life: salutem, vitam suam in discrimen offerre (not exponere)