maize
English
Etymology
Borrowed from Spanish maíz, from Taíno *mahis, *mahisi, from Proto-Arawak *marikɨ. Cognate with Lokono marisi, Wayuu maiki.
Pronunciation
Noun
maize (countable and uncountable, plural maizes)
- Corn; a type of grain of the species Zea mays.
1623, William Bradford, Of Plymouth Plantation[2]:But alass! these, when they had maize (yt is, Indean corne) they thought it as good as a feast, and wanted not only for 5. days togeather, but some time 2. or 3. months togeather, and neither had bread nor any kind of corne.
1972, Lytle Robinson, chapter 5, in Edgar Cayceʼs Story of the Origin and Destiny of Man, USA: Berkley Publishing Corporation, page 106:A fundamental creative act of American man was the development of maize. For it was maize that made possible and sustained the whole Peruvian civilization as well as Mexican and Central American ones. Exactly where it originated is not known, but corn was found in pre-Mayan graves dating to 3000 B.C.
Synonyms
Derived terms
Translations
corn; a type of grain of the species Zea mays
- Abkhaz: аԥш (apŝ)
- Acehnese: jagong
- Afrikaans: mielies
- Ainu: キミ (kimi)
- Albanian: shtalb (sq) m, misër (sq) m, kallamboq (sq) m
- Altai:
- Southern Altai: кукуруза (kukuruza)
- Amharic: በቆሎ (bäḳolo)
- Amuzgo:
- San Pedro Amuzgos Amuzgo: nna
- Ao: mendi (Chungli)
- Apache:
- Western Apache: nadą́ʼ
- Arabic: ذُرَة f (ḏura)
- Egyptian Arabic: درة f (dura)
- Hijazi Arabic: ذرة f (dura), حَبَش m (ḥabaš)
- Moroccan Arabic: درة (dra)
- Aragonese: panizo m, milloca
- Armenian: եգիպտացորեն (hy) (egiptacʻoren)
- Assamese: মাকৈ (makoi)
- Asturian: maíz m
- Avar: цӏоросаролъ (cʼorosarolˢ)
- Awadhi: जोन्हरी (jonharī)
- Aymara: tonqo, tunqu (ay)
- Azerbaijani: qarğıdalı (az)
- Balinese: jagung
- Bambara: kaba
- Banyumasan: jagung
- Bashkir: кукуруз (kukuruz)
- Basque: arto
- Belarusian: кукуру́за f (kukurúza), маі́с m (maís)
- Bengali: ভুট্টা (bn) (bhuṭṭa)
- Bhojpuri: मक्का (makkā)
- Bikol:
- Central Bikol: mais (bcl)
- Bouyei: hauxdais, hauxhugt, hauxweangz
- Breton: maiz (br)
- Bulgarian: царевица (bg) f (carevica)
- Burmese: ပြောင်း (my) (praung:)
- Cahuilla: máays
- Catalan: blat de moro (ca) m, dacsa (ca) f, moresc (ca) m, panís (ca) m, panís de l'Índia m
- Catawba: kus
- Central Atlas Tamazight: ⴰⵙⵏⴳⴰⵔ m (asngar)
- Chamicuro: nashi
- Chechen: хьаьжкӏа (ḥʳäžkʼa)
- Cherokee: ᏎᎷ (selu)
- Cheyenne: ová'kemâhaemenôtse
- Chibcha: aba
- Chichewa: chimanga
- Chickasaw: tanchi'
- Chinese:
- Cantonese: 粟米 (suk1 mai5)
- Dungan: йүми (yümi), борми (bormi), богў (bogw)
- Eastern Min: 油甜苞 (iù-diĕng-báu)
- Hakka: 包粟 (pâu-siuk)
- Hokkien: 番麥 / 番麦 (zh-min-nan) (hoan-be̍h)
- Mandarin: 玉米 (zh) (yùmǐ), 玉蜀黍 (zh) (yùshǔshǔ), 粟米 (zh) (sùmǐ), 苞穀 / 苞谷 (zh) (bāogǔ), 番麥 / 番麦 (zh) (fānmài) (Taiwan)
- Wu: 珍珠米 (1tsen-tsy1-mi6)
- Chirino: yugato
- Choctaw: tanchi
- Chol: ixim
- Chuj: ixim
- Circassian:
- East Circassian: нартыху (kbd) (nartəxʷu)
- West Circassian: натрыф (natrəf)
- Comanche: haniibi
- Copallén: chumac
- Cornish: ýs
- Cree:
- Moose Cree: mahtâmin
- Plains Cree: mahtâmin
- Southern East Cree: mahtaamin
- Crimean Tatar: mısırboğday
- Czech: kukuřice (cs) f
- Danish: majs (da) c
- Dhivehi: ޒުވާރި (zuvāri)
- Dinka: anyuɔl
- Doteli: मकै (makai)
- Dutch: mais (nl) m, Turkse tarwe m, Spaanse tarwe f
- Dzongkha: གེ་ཟ (ge za)
- Esperanto: maizo
- Estonian: mais (et)
- Faroese: mais (fo) f or n
- Fijian: sila
- Finnish: maissi (fi)
- French: maïs (fr) m, blé d'Inde (fr) m (Canada)
- Frisian:
- West Frisian: mais n
- Fula:
- Adlam: 𞤳𞤢𞥄𞤦𞤢
- Latin: kaaba
- Galician: maínzo (gl) m, millo (gl) m
- Georgian: სიმინდი (ka) (simindi)
- German: Mais (de) m, (Germany (East Central German), Austria) Kukuruz (de) m, (southeastern and western Austria, Liechtenstein) Türken (de) m, (regional) Türkenkorn n, Türkisch Korn n, Türkischer Weizen m, Welschkorn (de) n, (Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina)) Milje (de) m, n, Welschkann (Pennsylvania)
- Gorontalo: binte (gor)
- Greek: αραβόσιτος (el) m (aravósitos), καλαμπόκι (el) n (kalampóki)
- Mariupol Greek: фрата (frata)
- Pontic Greek: λαζούδ (lazoúd)
- Guarani:
- Paraguayan Guarani: (please verify) avati
- Mbya Guarani: avaxi
- Guianese Creole: mi, miyis
- Gujarati: મકાઈ (gu) (makāī), ભુઠ્ઠો m (bhuṭhṭho)
- Haitian Creole: mayi
- Hausa: agwado
- Hawaiian: kūlina
- Hebrew: תִּירָס (he) m (tíras)
- Hindi: मक्का (hi) m (makkā), मकई (hi) (makaī), भुट्टा (hi) (bhuṭṭā)
- Hopi: qaaʼö (dried)
- Hungarian: kukorica (hu), tengeri (hu), törökbúza (hu)
- Icelandic: maís (is) m
- Ido: maizo (io)
- Ilocano: mais
- Indonesian: jagung (id)
- Interlingua: mais
- Irish: arbhar Indiach m, grán buí m
- Isan: เข้าโคตร (khêā khotr)
- Italian: granturco (it) m, granoturco (it) m, mais (it) m
- Japanese: 玉蜀黍 (ja) (tōmorokoshi), コーン (ja) (kōn)
- Javanese: ꦗꦒꦸꦁ (jv) (jagung)
- Kaingang: gãr
- Kalmyk: шишә (şişä)
- Kambera: watar
- Kannada: ಮೆಕ್ಕೆ ಜೋಳ (kn) (mekke jōḷa)
- Kansa: hába
- Kapampangan: mais
- Kaqchikel: ixim, ixin
- Karao: mais
- Kari'na: awasi
- Kazakh: жүгері (kk) (jügerı)
- Khmer: ពោត (km) (poot)
- K'iche': ixim, äj (on cob)
- Kikuyu: mbembe class 9
- Korean: 옥수수 (ko) (oksusu), 강냉이 (ko) (gangnaeng'i) (North Korea)
- Kurdish:
- Central Kurdish: زوڕات (zurrat), گەنمەشامی (genmeşamî)
- Northern Kurdish: garis (ku)
- Kyrgyz: жүгөрү (ky) (jügörü)
- Laboya: watara
- Ladino: maís, misir
- Lakota: wagmiza, wahuapa
- Lao: ສາລີ (sā lī)
- Latin: frūmentum turcicum n, maizium
- Latvian: kukurūza (lv) f
- Laz: ლაზუტი (lazuťi)
- Lingala: lisangu
- Lithuanian: kukurūzas m
- Lokono: marisi
- Loloda: gogota
- Lombard: formentón
- Lozi: mbonyi
- Lü: ᦃᧁᧉᦷᦡᧂ (ẋaw²ḋong)
- Luhya: kamayindi
- Lun Bawang: deley
- Lutuv: chuovyi
- Macedonian: пченка f (pčenka)
- Maithili: मकै (makaɨ)
- Malay: jagung (ms)
- Malayalam: ചോളം (ml) (cōḷaṁ)
- Maléku Jaíka: áinh
- Maltese: qamħirrun m, qamħ m
- Manchu: ᠠᡳᡥᠠ
ᡧᡠᡧᡠ (aiha šušu)
- Manipuri: ꯆꯨꯆꯥꯛ (cucāk)
- Māori: kānga, kōpakipaki, paratē
- Mapudungun: wa
- Marathi: मका (makā)
- Maricopa: tdish
- Maxakalí: paxok
- Mazahua:
- Central Mazahua: trjo̱'o̱
- Miami: miincipi
- Mingrelian: ლაიტი (laiṭi), ლაზუტი (lazuṭi), ლასტი (lasṭi), ლატი (laṭi)
- Mixtec:
- Magdalena Peñasco Mixtec: nuni
- Sinicahua Mixtec: nuni
- Teposcolula Mixtec: nuni
- Yosondúa Mixtec: nuni, nɨñɨ
- Mizo: vaimîm
- Mongolian:
- Cyrillic: эрдэнэ шиш (erdene šiš)
- Mongolian script: ᠡᠷᠳᠡᠨᠢ
ᠰᠢᠰᠢ (erdeni sisi)
- Mopan Maya: ixiʼim
- Naga:
- Khiamniungan Naga: chǖlám
- Nahuatl: tlaolli (nah), tlayolli, elotl (nah), cintli (nah)
- Navajo: naadą́ą́ʼ
- Neapolitan: ggranoturco m
- Newar: कःनि (ka:ni)
- Nheengatu: awatí
- Nias: rigi (nia)
- Norman: maïs m
- Northern Sotho: tšhela letswai
- Norwegian:
- Bokmål: mais (no) m
- Nynorsk: mais m
- Occitan: milh (oc) m, milhòc (oc) m, blat de Barbariá m
- Odia: ମକା (or) (makā)
- Ojibwe: mandaamin
- Old Tupi: abati
- Omaha-Ponca: wahába
- O'odham: huhni
- Oromo: boqqolloo
- Osage: hápa
- Ossetian: нартхор (nartxor)
- Ottawa: mdaamin
- Palula: ǰuaár
- Papiamentu: maishi
- Pashto: جوار (ps) (juwar)
- Persian: بلال (fa) (balâl), ذرت (fa) (zorrat)
- Pipil: sinti, ēlot (on cob), tawial (shelled)
- Pochutec: teyuʹl
- Polish: kukurydza (pl) f, kukurydza zwyczajna f
- Portuguese: milho (pt) m, abati (pt) m (Brazil)
- Potawatomi: mdamen
- Punjabi: ਮੱਕੀ (makkī)
- Western Punjabi: مکی (pnb) (mkī)
- Pwo:
- Northern Pwo: บือเคเส่ะ
- Q'anjob'al: ixim
- Quechua: sara (qu), hala, hara
- Rapa Nui: tarake
- Romani: मिसिरि (misiri)
- Romanian: porumb (ro) m, cucuruz (ro) m, păpușoi (ro) m
- Russian: кукуру́за (ru) f (kukurúza), маи́с (ru) m (maís)
- Rwanda-Rundi: ikigori
- Sakizaya: kubkub
- Samoan: sana
- Santali: ᱡᱚᱸᱰᱨᱟ (sat) (jỗḍra), ᱡᱚᱱᱚᱲᱟ (sat) (jônôṛa)
- Sardinian: trigumoriscu
- Scottish Gaelic: coirce Innseanach m
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Cyrillic: куку̀руз m
- Latin: kukùruz (sh) m
- Seri: xiica caacöl
- Sicilian: granuturcu (scn) m
- Sindhi: مڪئي (mke)
- Sinhalese: බඩ ඉරිඟු (baḍa iriⁿgu)
- Slovak: kukurica (sk) f
- Slovene: koruza (sl) f
- Somali: galley (so)
- Sotho: poone
- Spanish: maíz (es) m, elote (es) m (Mexico, Central America), choclo (es) m (South and Central America), millo (es) m (Canary Islands), jojoto (es) m (Colombia, Venezuela), panizo (es) m, pishinga f (Argentina), pisingallo m (River Plate), gransa f (Peru), chócolo (es) m, avatí (es) m, abatí (es) m
- Sundanese: ᮏᮌᮧᮀ (jagong)
- Swahili: muhindi, hindi (sw)
- Swedish: majs (sv) c
- Tagalog: mais (tl)
- Tajik: ҷуворимакка (tg) (juvorimakka), мак-каҷуворӣ (mak-kajuvori)
- Tamil: மக்காச்சோளம் (ta) (makkāccōḷam), சோளம் (ta) (cōḷam)
- Tanimuca-Retuarã: oaka
- Taos: ȉaʼáne, (ripe) (please verify) pʼə̀oʼóne, (sacred) (please verify) kuyúna
- Tatar: кукуруз (ququruz)
- Telugu: మొక్కజొన్న (te) (mokkajonna)
- Tetum: batar
- Thai: ข้าวโพด (th) (kâao-pôot)
- Northern Thai: ข้าวสาลี
- Southern Thai: โพด
- Tibetan: ཨ་ཤོམ། (a shom)
- Tigrinya: ዕፉን (ʿəfun)
- Tok Pisin: kon (tpi)
- Tongan: koane
- Tumbuka: ngoma
- Turkish: darı (tr), mısır (tr), ügür
- Ottoman Turkish: لازوت (lazot)
- Turkmen: mekgejöwen
- Tzotzil: ixim
- Tz'utujil: ixiim
- Ukrainian: кукуру́дза (uk) f (kukurúdza), маї́с m (majís)
- Umbundu: epungu
- Unami: xàskwim
- Urdu: مکا m (makkā), بھٹا (bhuṭṭā)
- Uyghur: كۆممىقوناق (kömmiqonaq)
- Uzbek: makkajoʻxori (uz)
- Venetan: formenton (vec)
- Vietnamese: bắp (vi), ngô (vi), bẹ (vi)
- Volapük: mait (vo)
- Wastek: ēm
- Wayuu: maikki
- Welsh: indrawn m, india-corn m
- Wolof: mboq
- Xhosa: umbone
- Yakut: кукурууза (kukuruuza)
- Yameo: ogung
- Ye'kwana: önña
- Yiddish: קוקורוזע f (kukuruze), פּאַפּשוי (papshoy)
- Yoruba: àgbàdo
- Zapotec:
- Isthmus Zapotec: xubaʼ
- San Juan Guelavía Zapotec: llub
- Zoogocho Zapotec: xoaꞌ
- Zazaki: darı, nebı
- Zhuang: haeuxyangz
- Zoque:
- Rayón Zoque: ʌksi (shelled)
- Zuni: miwe
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See also
Further reading
Latvian
Etymology
From Proto-Baltic *maiž-, an ablaut variant of *miež- (whence Latvian mieži (“barley”)), from Proto-Indo-European *meyǵ-, probably from the stem *h₂meh₁- (“to cut; to mow”) modified into *mey-, and with an added element *ǵ (whence Proto-Baltic *ž, whence Latvian z). Cognates include Old Prussian mayse (“barley”) (misspelled as wayse in the 16th-century source), Old Iranian *maiz- "to sow".[1]
Pronunciation
Noun
maize f (5th declension)
- bread (foodstuff, baked from wheat, rye, sometimes corn)
- kviešu, rudzu maize ― wheat, rye bread
- neraudzēta maize ― unleavened bread
- maizes klaips, šķēle ― loaf, slice of bread
- maizes garoza ― bread crust
- maizes zupa ― bread soup
- cept maizi ― to bake bread
- maizes mīkla ― bread dough
- maizes ceptuve ― bakery (lit. bread baking place)
- maizes veikals ― bakery (lit. bread shop)
- maizes krāsns ― bread oven
- apziest maizi ar sviestu ― spread butter on bread
- ēst maizi ar desu ― to eat bread with sausage
- focaccia ir viena no populārākajām itāļu maizēm ― focaccia is one of the most popular Italian breads
- bread dough
- mīcīt maizi ― to knead bread
- maize rūgst ― the bread (dough) is fermenting
- (poetic) cereals, cereal grains, especially rye, wheat
- priecīgākā diena, kad klētī sāk smaržot jaunā maize ― joyful day, when the barn starts to smell like new bread (= wheat)
- (figuratively) food, nutrition
- viņš var ēst tēva maizi bez kādām rūpēm ― he can eat his father's bread without any worries
- (figuratively) essential, necessary element
- metāls ir rūpniecības maize ― metal is the bread of industry
- (figuratively) livelihood, means of supporting oneself; work
- J. Vītols bija atradis darbu un maizi Pēterpilī ― J. Vītols had found work and bread in Pēterpils (St. Petersburg)
- ja kāds aiziet citā maizē: zinātnieka vai inženiera, vai mākslinieka maizē... ― if someone goes into another bread (= profession): the scientific or engineering, or the artistic bread (= profession)...
Declension
Derived terms
References
- ^ Karulis, Konstantīns (1992), “maize”, in Latviešu Etimoloģijas Vārdnīca [Latvian Etymological Dictionary][1] (in Latvian), Rīga: AVOTS, →ISBN
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