macto

macto

Latin

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

Etymology tree
Latin mactus
Proto-Indo-European *-h₂
Proto-Indo-European *-éh₂
Proto-Indo-European *-yéti
Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂yéti
Proto-Italic *-āō
Latin -ō
Latin mactō

    From mactus (“glorified, worshiped, honored, adored”) + -ō.

    Verb

    mactō (present infinitive mactāre, perfect active mactāvī, supine mactātum); first conjugation

    1. to reward, honor
    2. to punish, afflict, trouble
      • 63 BCE, Cicero, Catiline Orations Oratio in Catilinam Prima in Senatu Habita.27:
        Nōnne hunc in vincula dūcī, nōn ad mortem rapī, nōn summō suppliciō mactārī imperābis?
        Will you not order this [man] to be led away in chains, not to be carried off to [his] death, not to be punished with the ultimate penalty?
        (Present passive infinitives: dūcī, rāpī, mactārī.)
    3. to offer, sacrifice, immolate
      • 29 BCE – 19 BCE, Vergilius, Aeneis 2.202:
        “[Lāocoōn] sollemnīs taurum ingentem mactābat ad ārās.”
        “[Laocoön] was sacrificing a massive bull at the solemn altars.” – Aeneas
    4. (Medieval Latin) to break
    5. (Medieval Latin) to kill
      Synonyms: caedō, concidō, consumō, deiciō, exanimō, interficiō, letō, mortificō, necō, occīdō
    Conjugation
       Conjugation of mactō (first conjugation)
    indicative singular plural
    first second third first second third
    active present mactō mactās mactat mactāmus mactātis mactant
    imperfect mactābam mactābās mactābat mactābāmus mactābātis mactābant
    future mactābō mactābis mactābit mactābimus mactābitis mactābunt
    perfect mactāvī mactāvistī mactāvit mactāvimus mactāvistis mactāvērunt,
    mactāvēre
    pluperfect mactāveram mactāverās mactāverat mactāverāmus mactāverātis mactāverant
    future perfect mactāverō mactāveris mactāverit mactāverimus mactāveritis mactāverint
    sigmatic future1 mactāssō mactāssis mactāssit mactāssimus mactāssitis mactāssint
    passive present mactor mactāris,
    mactāre     		mactātur mactāmur mactāminī mactantur
    imperfect mactābar mactābāris,
    mactābāre     		mactābātur mactābāmur mactābāminī mactābantur
    future mactābor mactāberis,
    mactābere     		mactābitur mactābimur mactābiminī mactābuntur
    perfect mactātus + present active indicative of sum
    pluperfect mactātus + imperfect active indicative of sum
    future perfect mactātus + future active indicative of sum
    subjunctive singular plural
    first second third first second third
    active present mactem mactēs mactet mactēmus mactētis mactent
    imperfect mactārem mactārēs mactāret mactārēmus mactārētis mactārent
    perfect mactāverim mactāverīs mactāverit mactāverīmus mactāverītis mactāverint
    pluperfect mactāvissem mactāvissēs mactāvisset mactāvissēmus mactāvissētis mactāvissent
    sigmatic aorist1 mactāssim mactāssīs mactāssīt mactāssīmus mactāssītis mactāssint
    passive present macter mactēris,
    mactēre     		mactētur mactēmur mactēminī mactentur
    imperfect mactārer mactārēris,
    mactārēre     		mactārētur mactārēmur mactārēminī mactārentur
    perfect mactātus + present active subjunctive of sum
    pluperfect mactātus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
    imperative singular plural
    first second third first second third
    active present — mactā — — mactāte —
    future — mactātō mactātō — mactātōte mactantō
    passive present — mactāre — — mactāminī —
    future — mactātor mactātor — — mactantor
    non-finite forms infinitive participle
    active passive active passive
    present mactāre mactārī mactāns —
    future mactātūrum esse mactātum īrī mactātūrus mactandus
    perfect mactāvisse mactātum esse — mactātus
    future perfect — mactātum fore — —
    perfect potential mactātūrum fuisse — — —
    verbal nouns gerund supine
    genitive dative accusative ablative accusative ablative
    mactandī mactandō mactandum mactandō mactātum mactātū

    1At least one use of the Old Latin "sigmatic future" and "sigmatic aorist" tenses is attested, which are used by Old Latin writers; most notably Plautus and Terence. The sigmatic future is generally ascribed a future or future perfect meaning, while the sigmatic aorist expresses a possible desire ("might want to").

    Derived terms
    Descendants
    Descendants
    • Italo-Romance:
      • Italian: mattare
    • Borrowings:
    • >? Vulgar Latin: *mattiāre (alternatively from matia, *mattea, etc.)
    • >? Vulgar Latin: *mattāre (with irregular change of -ct- to -tt-)[1][2]

    Etymology 2

    Inflected forms of mactus.

    Adjective

    mactō

    1. dative/ablative masculine/neuter singular of mactus

    References

    1. ^ Dworkin, Steven N. (2012), A History of the Spanish Lexicon: A Linguistic Perspective, Oxford University Press, page 51
    2. ^ Dworkin, Steven (2016), “Chapter One: Unique Latin Lexical Survivals in Ibero-Romance: A Diachronic Approach”, in Eva Núñez Méndez, editor, Diachronic Applications in Hispanic Linguistics, Cambridge Scholars Publishing, page 5

    Further reading

    • “macto”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
    • “macto”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
    • “macto”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
    • Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894), Latin Phrase-Book‎[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
      • to slaughter victims: victimas (oxen), hostias (smaller animals, especially sheep) immolare, securi ferire, caedere, mactare
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