lut
Translingual
Etymology
Abbreviation of English Lushootseed.
Symbol
lut
See also
- Wiktionary’s coverage of Lushootseed terms
Albanian
Alternative forms
Etymology
From Proto-Albanian *lutśi-, from the Proto-Indo-European root *lewt-, *lewdʰ- (“song, sound”), from Proto-Indo-European *lew- (“to sound, resound, sing out”). Cognate to Latin laudo (“to praise”) and others. Alternatively, from Proto-Indo-European *lewd- (“to duck; feign”). Compare Proto-Germanic *lutōną (“to conceal”) (whence English lote, Gothic 𐌻𐌿𐍄𐍉𐌽 (lutōn, “cheat, deceive”)), Lithuanian liūstù (“to be sad”).
Alternatively, from Proto-Albanian *lugtja, from Proto-Indo-European *lewgʰ- (“to lie, tell falsehood”), with the same semantic shift "tell lies" > "request" found in Baltic cognates such as Latvian lūgt (“to ask, request”).[1]
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /lut/, [lʊt], /lus/, [lʊs]
- IPA(key): /ʎut/, /ʎʊs/ (Gheg)
Verb
lut (aorist luta, participle lutur)
Conjugation
Show compound tenses:
| participle | lutur | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| gerund | duke lutur | ||||||
| infinitive | për të lutur | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| 1st pers. | 2nd pers. | 3rd pers. | 1st pers. | 2nd pers. | 3rd pers. | ||
| indicative | present | lut | lut | lut | lutim | lutni | lutin |
| imperfect | lutja | lutje | lutte | lutnim | lutnit | lutnin | |
| aorist | luta | lute | luti | lutëm | lutët | lutën | |
| perfect | kam lutur | ke lutur | ka lutur | kemi lutur | keni lutur | kanë lutur | |
| past perfect | kisha lutur | kishe lutur | kishte lutur | kishim lutur | kishit lutur | kishin lutur | |
| aorist II | pata lutur | pate lutur | pati lutur | patëm lutur | patët lutur | patën lutur | |
| future1 | do të lut | do të lutësh | do të lutë | do të lutim | do të lutni | do të lutin | |
| future perfect2 | do të kem lutur | do të kesh lutur | do të ketë lutur | do të kemi lutur | do të keni lutur | do të kenë lutur | |
| subjunctive | present | të lut | të lutësh | të lutë | të lutim | të lutni | të lutin |
| imperfect | të lutja | të lutje | të lutte | të lutnim | të lutnit | të lutnin | |
| perfect | të kem lutur | të kesh lutur | të ketë lutur | të kemi lutur | të keni lutur | të kenë lutur | |
| past perfect | të kisha lutur | të kishe lutur | të kishte lutur | të kishim lutur | të kishit lutur | të kishin lutur | |
| conditional1, 2 | imperfect | do të lutja | do të lutje | do të lutte | do të lutnim | do të lutnit | do të lutnin |
| past perfect | do të kisha lutur | do të kishe lutur | do të kishte lutur | do të kishim lutur | do të kishit lutur | do të kishin lutur | |
| optative | present | lutsha | lutsh | luttë | lutshim | lutshi | lutshin |
| perfect | paça lutur | paç lutur | pastë lutur | paçim lutur | paçit lutur | paçin lutur | |
| admirative | present | lutkam | lutke | lutka | lutkemi | lutkeni | lutkan |
| imperfect | lutkësha | lutkëshe | lutkësh | lutkëshim | lutkëshit | lutkëshin | |
| perfect | paskam lutur | paske lutur | paska lutur | paskemi lutur | paskeni lutur | paskan lutur | |
| past perfect | paskësha lutur | paskëshe lutur | paskësh lutur | paskëshim lutur | paskëshit lutur | paskëshin lutur | |
| imperative | present | — | lut | — | — | lutni | — |
| 1) indicative future identical with conditional present 2) indicative future perfect identical with conditional perfect | |||||||
Derived terms
References
- ^ Orel, Vladimir (1998), “lus”, in Albanian Etymological Dictionary, Leiden; Boston; Köln: Brill, →ISBN, page 235
Further reading
- “lut”, in FGJSH: Fjalor i gjuhës shqipe [Dictionary of the Albanian language] (in Albanian), 2006
- FGJSSH: Fjalor i gjuhës së sotme shqipe [Dictionary of the modern Albanian language][1], 1980
- Newmark, Leonard (1999), “lut”, in Oxford Albanian-English Dictionary[2], Oxford: Oxford University Press
Aromanian
Alternative forms
Etymology
From Latin lutum. Compare Romanian lut.
Noun
lut
Related terms
Danish
Etymology
Borrowed from Middle Low German lute (“lute”).
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /lut/, [lud̥]
Noun
lut c (singular definite lutten, plural indefinite lutter)
Inflection
| common gender |
singular | plural | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| indefinite | definite | indefinite | definite | |
| nominative | lut | lutten | lutter | lutterne |
| genitive | luts | luttens | lutters | lutternes |
Further reading
- lut on the Danish Wikipedia.Wikipedia da
French
Etymology 1
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Pronunciation
Verb
lut
- third-person singular past historic of lire
Etymology 2
From Middle French and Old French lut (12th c.), a borrowing from Latin lutum (“mud”).
Pronunciation
Noun
lut m (plural luts)
Further reading
- “lut”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012
Middle High German
Etymology
Inherited from Old High German lūt.
Adjective
lūt
Related terms
- liute
Descendants
References
- Benecke, Georg Friedrich; Müller, Wilhelm; Zarncke, Friedrich (1863), “LÛT”, in Mittelhochdeutsches Wörterbuch: mit Benutzung des Nachlasses von Benecke, Stuttgart: S. Hirzel
- Köbler, Gerhard (2014), “lūt”, in Mittelhochdeutsches Wörterbuch[3] (in German), 3rd edition
Norwegian Bokmål
Etymology
Related to the verb lauge
Noun
lut f or m (definite singular luta or luten, uncountable)
- lye (alkaline solution)
Derived terms
References
- “lut” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
Norwegian Nynorsk
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /lʉːt/
Etymology 1
From Old Norse hlutr. Doublet of lott.
Noun
lut m (definite singular luten, indefinite plural luter or lutar, definite plural lutene or lutane)
Etymology 2
Related to the verb lauga.
Noun
lut m or f (definite singular luten or luta, uncountable)
- lye (alkaline liquid)
Derived terms
Etymology 3
A clipping of lutdoven.
Alternative forms
Adverb
lut
- Used as an intensifier
- Eg er lut lei!
- I'm fed up
- Eg er lut lei!
Etymology 4
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Verb
lut
- imperative of luta
References
- “lut” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
Anagrams
Old Dutch
Etymology 1
From Proto-West Germanic *hlūd, from Proto-Germanic *hlūdaz (“sound”), from the Proto-Indo-European root *ḱlew- (“hear”).
Adjective
lūt
Declension
| strong declension | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| case | masculine | feminine | neuter | plural | ||
| nominative | lūt | lūt | lūt | lūda, lūde | ||
| accusative | lūdan, lūden | lūda | lūt | lūda, lūde | ||
| genitive | lūdes | lūdero | lūdes | lūdero | ||
| dative | lūdin, lūdemo | lūdero | lūdin, lūdemo | lūdon | ||
| weak declension | ||||||
| case | masculine | feminine | neuter | plural | ||
| nominative | lūdo | lūda | lūda | lūdon | ||
| accusative | lūdon | lūdon | lūda | lūdon | ||
| genitive | lūdin | lūdon | lūdin | lūdono | ||
| dative | lūdin | lūdon | lūdin | lūdon | ||
Alternative forms
Etymology 2
From Proto-West Germanic *hlūd, from Proto-Germanic *hlūdą (“sound”), from the adjective above. Cognate with Old High German (h)lūt (modern German Laut), Middle Low German lût, Old Frisian hlūd.
Noun
lūt m or n
Declension
Descendants
- Middle Dutch: luyt
- Dutch: luid n (still m in West Flemish)
- ⇒ Old Dutch: *gilūt
Further reading
- “lūt”, in Oudnederlands Woordenboek, 2012
Old High German
Etymology
From Proto-West Germanic *hlūd, whence also Old English hlūd (English loud).
Adjective
lūt
Derived terms
Descendants
References
- Köbler, Gerhard (2014), “lūt”, in Althochdeutsches Wörterbuch[4] (in German), 6th edition
Polish
Pronunciation
Etymology 1
Borrowed from German Lot. Doublet of łut.
Noun
lut m inan
- (uncountable) solder (any of various easily-melted alloys, commonly of tin and lead, that are used to mend, coat, or join metal objects, usually small)
- (countable) solder joint
Declension
Derived terms
- lutować impf
Etymology 2
Abbreviation of luty.
Noun
lut m inan
Further reading
- “lut”, in Wielki słownik języka polskiego[5] (in Polish), Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
- “lut”, in Polish dictionaries at PWN[6] (in Polish)
- lut in PWN's encyclopedia
Pumpokol
Etymology
Inherited from Proto-Yeniseian *tɬuwdʳ (“rope”).
Noun
lut (M., W.)
Further reading
- Werner, Heinrich (2005), Die Jenissej-Sprachen des 18. Jahrhunderts, Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag, →ISBN, page 184
Romanian
Etymology
Inherited from Latin lutum (“mud”).
Pronunciation
Audio: (file)
Noun
lut n (plural luturi)
Synonyms
Related terms
Swedish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /lʉːt/
- Rhymes: -ʉːt
Etymology 1
Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *lewh₃- (“to bathe, wash”); compare Proto-Germanic *lauþrą (“lather, foam”) and *laugō (“lye, soap”).
Noun
lut c (uncountable)
- lye (a strong caustic alkaline solution of potassium or sodium salts)
- Från filtret går luten tillbaks till kokaren
- From the filter, the lye returns to the boiler
- Från filtret går luten tillbaks till kokaren
Declension
| nominative | genitive | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| singular | indefinite | lut | luts |
| definite | luten | lutens | |
| plural | indefinite | — | — |
| definite | — | — |
Derived terms
Etymology 2
Deverbal from luta.
Noun
lut n (uncountable)
- (chiefly in compounds) slope
Declension
| nominative | genitive | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| singular | indefinite | lut | luts |
| definite | lutet | lutets | |
| plural | indefinite | — | — |
| definite | — | — |
Derived terms
References
- “lut”, in Svensk ordbok [Dictionary of Swedish] (in Swedish)
- “lut”, in Svenska Akademiens ordlista [Wordlist of the Swedish Academy] (in Swedish)
- “lut”, in Svenska Akademiens ordbok [Dictionary of the Swedish Academy] (in Swedish)
Volapük
Etymology
Borrowed from German Luft (“air”). (The 'f' removed because it wouldn't quite conform to Volapük phonotactics, and would make the word appear too a posteriori.)
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /lut/
Noun
lut (genitive luta, uncountable)
Declension
| Singular | |
|---|---|
| Nominative | lut |
| Genitive | luta |
| Dative | lute |
| Accusative | luti |
| Predicative1 | lutu |
| Vocative | o lut |
- Introduced in Volapük Nulik.
Zou
Verb
lut
References
- Lukram Himmat Singh (2013), A Descriptive Grammar of Zou (PhD thesis), Canchipur: Manipur University