di-

• IPA^(key): /ˈdaɪ/, /ˌdaɪ/

• Audio (Southern England):

  (file)

PIE word
*dwóh₁

Borrowed from Latin di-, from Ancient Greek δι- (di-, “two”).

Greek number prefix

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di-

2. Two.

   diacetate is any salt or ester having two acetate groups, dialkene is any alkene having two double bonds, diarchy is a state under the rule of two people; the form of government of such state, diactinal is having two rays

4. Double, twice the quantity.

   diglossia is the presence of a cleft or doubled tongue, dicatalectic is doubly catalectic, at both the middle and the end of the verse, dichoree is a double choree

6. A pair.

   diblock is of or pertaining to two blocks together, dimeson is a bound pair of mesons, dijet is a pair of jets

8. Both, possessing two distinct (possibly opposing) qualities.

   dikinetic is having both metakinetic and mesokinetic joints, dialetheism is the theory that statements can be both true and false at the same time and in the same sense, dianalytic is describing a function that is analytic or antianalytic with regards to both the domain and codomain

Synonyms: duo-, bi-, bis-

• dwi-
• twi-

Borrowed from Latin dis-.

di-

1. Alternative form of dis-: split, to split; shortened before l, m, n, r, s (followed by a consonant), and v; also often shortened before g, and sometimes before j.

   divide is to split or separate (something) into two or more parts, diverge is to run apart; to separate; to tend into different directions

Borrowed from Ancient Greek δῐ- (dĭ-).

di-

1. Alternative form of dia-: across or through, before a vowel.

   diactinic is capable of transmitting the chemical or actinic rays of light, dielectric is an electrically insulating or nonconducting material considered for its electric susceptibility, ie its property of polarization when exposed to an external electric field

• Thesaurus:number

• “di-”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–2022.
• “di-”, in Merriam-Webster.com Online Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: Merriam-Webster, 1996–present.

• Id, I'd, id., I-D, id, I.D., -id, ID

di-

1. in, into
2. with tsʼi-: out from an enclosure

di-

1. getting up

• Kari, James (1990), Ahtna Athabaskan Dictionary, Fairbanks, Alaska: Alaska Native Language Center, →ISBN, page 641

Borrowed from Ancient Greek δίς (dís, “twice”).

di-

1. di-

From Proto-Celtic *dī- (“from, of”), from Proto-Indo-European *de. Cognate with Welsh di-.

di- (triggers soft mutation)

1. un-, non-, -less, without

   Synonyms: an-, heb, dis-, on-

   ‎di- + ‎hanow (“name”) → ‎dihanow (“anonymous”)

   ‎di- + ‎annedh (“abode”) → ‎diannedh (“homeless”)

   ‎di- + ‎penn (“end”) → ‎dibenn (“endless”)

di-

1. two

From Ancient Greek δίς (dís, “twice”).

• IPA^(key): /di/

• Audio:

  (file)

di-

1. meaning two, twice, or double

   dioxide

   dioxide

   dipool

   diople

Derived from Latin di-.

di-

1. di-

• “di”, in Plena Ilustrita Vortaro de Esperanto [Complete Illustrated Dictionary of Esperanto], 2020, →ISBN
• “di-”, in Reta Vortaro [Online Dictionary] (in Esperanto), 1997-2026

Internationalism (see English di-), ultimately from Ancient Greek δι- (di-).

• IPA^(key): /ˈdi-/, [ˈdi-]

di-

1. (chiefly in loanwords) di- (double, twin)

   Synonyms: bi-, kaksois-

di-

1. di-

Ultimately from Ancient Greek δίς (dís, “twice”).

• Audio (Germany (Berlin)):

  (file)

di-

1. di-

• “di-”, in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache‎^[2] (in German)

From Malay di-, from Classical Malay di-, from Late Old Malay di-. There are few theories surrounding its origin:

• From the starting consonant of Malay dia (“he/she/it”), in turn deriving from ia.
• From the preposition Malay di, from Proto-Malayic *di.
• From the denasalisation of Early Old Malay ni-, from Proto-Malayic *ni-. This prefix, alongside mar-, appear to be loaned from the Batak languages to the north, but eventually displaced by "original" forms var- and di-.

Alexander Adelaar prefers the second one, considering the similar usages in the languages of West Kalimantan (e.g. Kendayan), which can freely occur with the nasal prefix N- and even the preceding agent.^[1] This is further strengthened by the writing errors by native speakers (this prefix could be separated by space rather than joined together as in the formal language).

• IPA^(key): /di/

• Audio:

  (file)

di-

1. used to form passive voice or "patient focus" (in some analyses) on a verb

   dimakan ― to be eaten

In some cases, the meaning of this suffix can become active, as long as the so-called object is animate. For example, both the sentences Rizqi membaca buku itu and Buku itu dibaca (oleh) Rizqi can have the same meaning, "Rizqi reads that book" (although the latter sentence can be also translated as "That book is read by Rizqi"). See also symmetrical voice.

• IPA^(key): /di/
• Hyphenation: di-

From Latin de- (“indicating removal or descent”).

di-

1. de-

From Ancient Greek δίς (dís, “twice”).

di-

1. di-

di-

1. romanization of ꦢꦶ-

From Proto-Bantu *di-.

di- (plural ma-)

1. class 5 prefix
2. class 5 subject prefix

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [diː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [di]

dī-

1. alternative form of dis-

Occurs before b, d, g, l, m, n, r, v, and occasionally before consonantal i.

Borrowed from Ancient Greek δῐ- (dĭ-), from δίς (dís, “twice, doubly”).

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [dɪ]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [di]

di-

1. Two, double; di-.

→ English: di-

From Classical Malay di-, from Late Old Malay di-. There are a few theories surrounding its origin:^[1][2]

1. From the starting consonant of dia (“he/she/it”), in turn deriving from ia.
2. From the preposition di, from Proto-Malayic *di. In this sense, the Old Malay prefix ni- would have been displaced in favour of the preposition-derived prefix.
3. From the denasalisation of Late Old Malay ni-, from Early Old Malay ni-, from Proto-Malayic *ni-:
   1. According to Adelaar (2005),^[1] from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *ni- / *-in-, from Proto-Austronesian *-in- (“verb perfective infix for object focus”). Doublet of -in-.
   2. According to Mahdi (2005),^[3] this prefix, alongside mar-, appear to be loaned from the Batak languages to the north and were eventually displaced by "original" forms var- and di-. Doublet of -in-.

Adelaar (2005) prefers the second theory, considering the similar usages in the languages of West Kalimantan (e.g. Kendayan), which can freely occur with the nasal prefix N- and even the preceding agent.^[1] This is further strengthened by the writing errors by native speakers (this prefix could be separated by space rather than joined together as in the formal language).

• IPA^(key): /di/
  • (with consonant-initial stem) IPA^(key): [di-]
  • (with vowel-initial stem) IPA^(key): [di.ʔ-]

di- (Jawi spelling before consonant-initial stems د-, Jawi spelling before vowel-initial stems دأ-)

1. (third person) Patient focus or passive voice marker of a verb.

   ‎di- + ‎buka (“to open”) → ‎dibuka (“to be opened”)

   Pintu itu dibuka (oleh) ayah.

   That door was opened by dad.

• According to the DBP's prescriptive grammar, this prefix should only be used in the third person. In the first and second persons, patient focus sentences are formed by following the actor of the sentence with the bare form of the verb, demonstrated below with the verb telan (“to swallow”):
  • Third person patient focus:

    Makanan itu ditelan (oleh) dia.

    That food was swallowed by him/her.

  • First/Second person patient focus:

    Makanan itu aku/kamu telan.

    That food was swallowed by me/you.

• In third person passive sentences, when the sentence agent appears right after the verb as in "The homework was completed by Adam in three minutes.", it can optionally be preceded by the preposition oleh, as so:

  Kerja sekolah itu disiapkan (oleh) Adam dalam tiga minit.

  That homework was completed by Adam in three minutes.

• If the sentence agent does not appear right after the verb as in "The homework was completed in three minutes by Adam.", the oleh preposition is now compulsory, as in the sentence below:

  Kerja sekolah itu disiapkan dalam tiga minit oleh Adam.

  That homework was completed in three minutes by Adam.

• di- -kan (3rd person passive causitive or locative)
• di- -i (3rd person passive causitive or benefactive)
• diper- (3rd person passive causitive)
• meng- (active)

Inherited from Proto-Bantu *dɪ́- (“Class 5 subject concord”).

di-

1. Class 5 noun prefix.

• R.C.Wynne (1980), English-Mbukushu Dictionary‎^[3], Avebury Publishing Company Limited, page xvii

• IPA^(key): /tɪ̀-/

Represents multiple homophonous thematic and aspectual prefixes of position I and VI, whose exact meaning and etymology remain mostly speculative.

For most meanings, compare the qualifier prefixes Ahtna d- and Lower Tanana d-, both of which appear in verbs with a variety of meanings, including those related to fire and sound.

The inceptive prefix is from Proto-Athabaskan *t-, and is therefore cognate with Lower Tanana t- and Ahtna t-.

di- (position I)

1. fire, near or into it

   • diidiłjeeh ― to make a fire

di- (position VI)

Young and Morgan (1987) identify 14 or so thematic prefixes, among others:

1. fire, light

   • diidiłjeeh ― to make a fire

2. arms and legs

   • dilʼéés ― to step, to place one's foot

3. extension, elongated shape, reduction
5. noise, sound, oral, food, sensory

   • dilwosh ― to shout
   • disééh ― to belch
   • yidiitsʼį́į́h ― to hear it

7. color (see also dini-)

   • dinilgai ― whitish

8. relinquishment, relief

   • yą́ą́ʼdíłgééd ― to uncover it by digging
   • bidizóóh ― to subtract it

9. sanctity

   • diyin ― holy

11. Unclassified, often entering in the formation of other prefix compounds

    • kʼiidilé ― to plant it
    • yidiséí ― to crumble it
    • hadii- ― from end to end
    • díní- (prolongative)
    • tádi- (diversative)
    • bibadi- ― to exhaustion

Four modal-aspectual uses are also distinguished:

2. Forms a number of inceptive verbs, with a (∅/si) paradigm.

   • dighááh ― to start to go

3. Forms a number of inchoative verbs, with prepounded dah and a transitional (yii/yii) paradigm.

   • dah diighááh ― to start off, to set out, to leave

5. Forms the future mode of all active verbs along with the progressive yi-.

   • doogááł ― he will go
   • didoogááł ― he will start to go
   • dah didoogááł ― he will start off

6. Forms a number of neuter adjectivals.

   • dijool ― spherical, chubby

Probably cognate with a prefix of similar shape occurring in other Athabascan languages as a reflexive possessive pronoun.

Probably cognate with classifier d- marking passive and reflexive verbs.

di- (position IV)

1. Personal prefix used in combination with the prefix of position I á-, marking the reflexive verbs. It always triggers a classifier shift (∅ → d, ł → l).

   yishchʼid ― I'm scratching it

   nishchʼid ― I'm scratching you

   ádíshchʼid ― I'm scratching myself

   ánáádíshchʼid ― I'm scratching myself again

From Proto-Bantu *jí-. Originally the pronominal and verbal concord, it displaced the older Bantu noun prefix *bì-. The tone was lowered by analogy with other noun prefixes.

di-

1. Class 8 noun prefix.

• dy-

Derived from Latin dī-.

• IPA^(key): /di/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -i
• Syllabification: di-

di-

1. di-

   Synonyms: bi-, dwu-

   ‎di- + ‎chromatyczny → ‎dichromatyczny

• “di-”, in Polish dictionaries at PWN‎^[4] (in Polish)

Borrowed from Ancient Greek δίς (dís, “twice”).

di-

1. di- (two, twice or double)

• “di-”, in Dicionário Aulete Digital (in Portuguese), Rio de Janeiro: Lexikon Editora Digital, 2008–2026
• “di-”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2026

From Proto-Bantu *jí-. Originally the pronominal and verbal concord, it displaced the older Bantu noun prefix *bì-. The tone was lowered by analogy with other noun prefixes.

di-

1. Class 8 noun prefix.

• IPA^(key): /di/ [d̪i]
• Syllabification: di-

From Ancient Greek δίς (dís, “twice”).

di-

1. di-

   Synonyms: bi-, duo-

From Latin dis or Latin di.

di-

1. dis-

• “di-”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8.1, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 15 December 2025

From Proto-Philippine *di.

• (Standard Tagalog) IPA^(key): /ˈdiʔ/ [ˈd̪ɪʔ]
• Rhymes: -iʔ
• Syllabification: di-

dî- (Baybayin spelling ᜇᜒ)

1. non-; un-; de-

• 'di
• hindi

From Proto-Bantu *jí-. Originally the pronominal and verbal concord, it displaced the older Bantu noun prefix *bì-. The tone was lowered by analogy with other noun prefixes.

di-

1. Class 8 noun prefix.

Compare perhaps Navajo ii(d)-.

di-

1. Marks a first person plural verbal subject

• Begay, Kayla Rae (2017), Wailaki Grammar, University of California, Berkeley, page 166

Compare the various Navajo thematic prefixes with the shape Navajo di-.

di-

1. A thematic prefix or set of homophonous prefixes with the following meanings:
   1. Relates to noise
   2. Relates to protrusion
   3. Relates to strong perception

• Begay, Kayla Rae (2017), Wailaki Grammar, University of California, Berkeley, pages 191-92

Proto-Celtic *dī- (“from, of”), from Proto-Indo-European *de. Cognate with Cornish di-.

• IPA^(key): /ˌdiː/, /dɪ/

di-

1. intensifying prefix

   ‎di- + ‎goddef → ‎dioddef

   ‎di- + ‎golwch → ‎diolch

2. without, -less, de-, a-, negative prefix

   Synonyms: af-, an-, dis-

   ‎di- + ‎enw (“name”) → ‎dienw (“anonymous”)

   ‎di- + ‎paid (“pause, respite”) → ‎di-baid (“ceaseless, incessant”)

   ‎di- + ‎swydd (“job, office”) + ‎-o → ‎diswyddo (“dismiss, discharge, sack, make redundant”)

The negative prefix di- indicates a lack of something and is most often attached to a noun in a similar manner to English -less, e.g. dienw (“anonymous, nameless”), di-waith (“unemployed (“workless”)”), diobaith (“hopeless”). In contrast, af- and an- simply denote the negative form of the following root rather than the lack of it.

• R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke, et al., editors (1950–present), “di-”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies

• IPA^(key): /d̪i/

di-

1. third-person plural possessive prefix, their

   di oma ― their children

2. (polite) third-person singular possessive prefix, his, her

   mene de ti deto di musala ― this is my grandmother's mat

di-

1. (inanimate) alternative form of da- (“its”) when preceded by a root-initial i

• Clemens Voorhoeve (1982), The Makian languages and their neighbours‎^[5], Pacific linguistics