calomnier
French
Etymology
Learned borrowing from Latin calumniārī.
Pronunciation
Verb
calomnier
- to slander, libel, besmirch, calumniate
- 1857, Gustave Flaubert, Madame Bovary […][1], Paris: Michel Lévy Frères:
- — Oh! vous vous calomniez, dit Emma.
- (please add an English translation of this quotation)
Conjugation
Conjugation of calomnier (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| infinitive | simple | calomnier | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle or gerund1 | simple | calomniant /ka.lɔm.njɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | calomnié /ka.lɔm.nje/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | calomnie /ka.lɔm.ni/ |
calomnies /ka.lɔm.ni/ |
calomnie /ka.lɔm.ni/ |
calomnions /ka.lɔm.njɔ̃/ |
calomniez /ka.lɔm.nje/ |
calomnient /ka.lɔm.ni/ |
| imperfect | calomniais /ka.lɔm.njɛ/ |
calomniais /ka.lɔm.njɛ/ |
calomniait /ka.lɔm.njɛ/ |
calomniions /ka.lɔm.ni.jɔ̃/ |
calomniiez /ka.lɔm.ni.je/ |
calomniaient /ka.lɔm.njɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | calomniai /ka.lɔm.nje/ |
calomnias /ka.lɔm.nja/ |
calomnia /ka.lɔm.nja/ |
calomniâmes /ka.lɔm.njam/ |
calomniâtes /ka.lɔm.njat/ |
calomnièrent /ka.lɔm.njɛʁ/ | |
| future | calomnierai /ka.lɔm.ni.ʁe/ |
calomnieras /ka.lɔm.ni.ʁa/ |
calomniera /ka.lɔm.ni.ʁa/ |
calomnierons /ka.lɔm.ni.ʁɔ̃/ |
calomnierez /ka.lɔm.ni.ʁe/ |
calomnieront /ka.lɔm.ni.ʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | calomnierais /ka.lɔm.ni.ʁɛ/ |
calomnierais /ka.lɔm.ni.ʁɛ/ |
calomnierait /ka.lɔm.ni.ʁɛ/ |
calomnierions /ka.lɔm.ni.ʁjɔ̃/ |
calomnieriez /ka.lɔm.ni.ʁje/ |
calomnieraient /ka.lɔm.ni.ʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | calomnie /ka.lɔm.ni/ |
calomnies /ka.lɔm.ni/ |
calomnie /ka.lɔm.ni/ |
calomniions /ka.lɔm.ni.jɔ̃/ |
calomniiez /ka.lɔm.ni.je/ |
calomnient /ka.lɔm.ni/ |
| imperfect2 | calomniasse /ka.lɔm.njas/ |
calomniasses /ka.lɔm.njas/ |
calomniât /ka.lɔm.nja/ |
calomniassions /ka.lɔm.nja.sjɔ̃/ |
calomniassiez /ka.lɔm.nja.sje/ |
calomniassent /ka.lɔm.njas/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | calomnie /ka.lɔm.ni/ |
— | calomnions /ka.lɔm.njɔ̃/ |
calomniez /ka.lɔm.nje/ |
— | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
Derived terms
Related terms
Further reading
- “calomnier”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012