benaid

benaid

Old Irish

Etymology

From Proto-Celtic *binati (to strike, hit), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰeyh₂- (to strike).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈbʲe.nəðʲ/
    • (Blasse) [ˈbʲe.nɪðʲ]
    • (Griffith) [ˈbʲe.nɨðʲ]

Verb

benaid (conjunct ·ben, verbal noun béim or bíth)

  1. to hit, strike, beat
    For quotations using this term, see Citations:benaid.

Conjugation

Simple, class B IV present, reduplicated preterite, i future, a subjunctive
active passive
singular plural singular plural
1st 2nd 3rd 1st 2nd 3rd
present indicative abs. benaim benai benaid; bentai (with suffixed pronoun -i) benait benir, benair bentair
conj. ·rubaim (ro-form) ·ben ·benat ·benar ·bentar
rel. benas benar
imperfect indicative ·benad ·bentais
preterite abs. béo bíthai
conj. ·bí ·béotar ·bíth ·bítha
rel. bie
perfect deut. ro·bí ro·béotar ro·bíth ro·bítha
prot. ·ruba ·ruba ·rubai ·rubatar ·rubad
future abs. biu bíthus (with suffixed pronoun -us)
conj. ·biu ·biter
rel.
conditional ·biad ·bithe
present subjunctive abs. bethir betir
conj. ·rubai (ro-form) ·bia ·bether; ·ruibther (ro-form)
rel.
past subjunctive ·rubad (prototonic ro-form) ro·betais (deuterotonic ro-form); ·rubaitis, ·rubtais (prototonic ro-form) ·bethae
imperative ben benad benaid benat benar
verbal noun béim; bíth
past participle bíthe
verbal of necessity bethi

Derived terms

Descendants

  • Irish: bain (conflated with bongaid)

Mutation

Mutation of benaid
radical lenition nasalization
benaid benaid
pronounced with /βʲ-/
mbenaid

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Further reading