-inho
See also: inho
Portuguese
Alternative forms
Etymology
Etymology tree
Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese -ỹo. Compare Italian -ino, French -in, both diminutive suffixes. Doublet of -ino.
Pronunciation
- (Brazil) IPA(key): /ˈĩ.ɲu/ [ˈĩ.j̃u]
- (Southern Brazil) IPA(key): /ˈi.ɲo/
- (Portugal) IPA(key): /ˈi.ɲu/
- Rhymes: -iɲu, (Brazil) -ĩɲu
Suffix
-inho m (noun-forming suffix, plural -inhos, feminine -inha, feminine plural -inhas)
- forms the diminutive of nouns; -ie; -y; -ling; -let
Suffix
-inho (adjective-forming suffix, feminine -inha, masculine plural -inhos, feminine plural -inhas)
- (somewhat informal) forms the diminutive of adjectives and adverbs, roughly equivalent to English somewhat or kind of
- forms the augmentative of adjectives and adverbs
Suffix
-inho (adjective-like pronoun-forming suffix, feminine -inha, masculine plural -inhos, feminine plural -inhas)
- (informal) forms the diminutive of pronouns
Suffix
-inho
- (Brazil, colloquial, regional) forms the diminutive of gerunds, indicating a lack of intensity or seriousness
Usage notes
- This suffix retains the gender of the root word and usually its final ⟨a⟩ or ⟨o⟩ too, even if the former ends a masculine word or the latter ends a feminine one:[1][2][3]
- problema (“problem”) + -inho → probleminha (“little problem”), not *probleminho
- tribo (“tribe”) + -inho → tribinho (“tribelet”), not *tribinha
- This is always true in prescriptive grammar; however, some informal formulations deviate from this pattern, such fotinha, from foto. Brazilian grammarian Evanildo Bechara additionally deems -inha valid if the root is a clipping of a feminine word ending with ⟨a⟩, such motinha from moto, in turn a clipping of motocicleta.
- The suffixes -inho, -ão, and -mente do not alter the vowel qualities in the root word:
Derived terms
Portuguese terms suffixed with -inho
References
Further reading
- “-inho”, in Dicionário Aulete Digital (in Portuguese), Rio de Janeiro: Lexikon Editora Digital, 2008–2026
- “-inho”, in Dicionário Eletrônico Houaiss [Houaiss Electronic Dictionary] (in Portuguese), São Paulo: UOL, 2004–2026
- “-inho”, in Dicionário infopédia da Lingua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Porto: Porto Editora, 2003–2026
- “-inho”, in Michaelis Dicionário Brasileiro da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), São Paulo: Editora Melhoramentos, 2015–2026, →ISBN
- “-inho”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2026