superfluus

From superfluō (“to be superfluous”) + -us.

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [sʊˈpɛr.fɫu.ʊs]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [suˈpɛr.flu.us]

superfluus (feminine superflua, neuter superfluum, adverb superfluō); first/second-declension adjective

1. running over, overflowing
2. (figuratively) superfluous, unnecessary
3. (figuratively) that is left over, remaining
4. (mathematics) abundant
   • Isidore of Seville, Etymologies 3.5.9:

     Superflui sunt, quorum partes simul ductae plenitudinem suam excedunt, ut puta duodenarius. Habet enim partes quinque: duodecimam, quod est unum; sextam, quod duo; quartam, quod tria; tertiam, quod quattuor; dimidiam, quod sex. Unum enim et duo, et tria, et quattuor, et sex simul ducta XVI faciunt et longe a duodenario excedunt: sic et alii similes plurimi, ut duodevicesimus, et multi tales.

     Abundant numbers are those numbers whose factors added together produce a greater amount than the number itself, for instance twelve. It has five partitions: a twelfth part, which is one; a sixth, which is two; a fourth, which is three; a third, which is four; and a half part, which is six. One, two, three, four, and six added make 16 which greatly exceeds twelve: so likewise are many similar numbers, like eighteen, and many others.

First/second-declension adjective.

• (superfluus): supervacāneus, supervacuus

• superflua
• superfluē
• superfluitās
• superfluō

• superfluō

• “superfluus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• "superfluus", in Charles du Fresne du Cange, Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• “superfluus”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.