plane

• IPA^(key): /pleɪn/

• Audio (UK); “a plane” [pʰlɛɪ̯n]:

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• Audio (US); [pʰl̥ẽːn]:

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• Rhymes: -eɪn
• Homophone: plain (pane–pain merger)

From Latin plānum (“flat surface”), a noun use of the neuter of plānus (“plain”). The word was introduced in the 17th century to distinguish the geometrical senses from the other senses of plain. Doublet of llano, piano, and plain.

plane (comparative planer, superlative planest)

1. Of a surface: flat or level.

plane (plural planes)

1. A level or flat surface.
3. (geometry) A flat surface extending infinitely in all directions (e.g. horizontal or vertical plane); a bounded portion thereof.
   • 1979 August, Graham Burtenshaw, Michael S. Welch, “O.V.S. Bulleid's SR loco-hauled coaches - 1”, in Railway World, page 396:

     Mirrors in the compartments have been canted out of the vertical plane to reduce reflections to the passengers when seated.

   1. (anatomy) An imaginary plane which divides the body into two portions.
4. A level of existence or development.

   astral plane

   • 1982 December 4, Catherine Joseph, “Empowered into Enlightenment”, in Gay Community News, volume 10, number 20, page 8:

     Nettie's stories about her experiences in Africa point out many parallels between the African and American ways of life. Her stories about the African lifestyle and family structure, in particular, point out the sexist and oppressive conditions that women are forced to submit to on a global plane.

5. A roughly flat, thin, often moveable structure used to create lateral force by the flow of air or water over its surface, found on aircraft, submarines, etc.

   Hyponyms: airfoil, hydrofoil, wing, foreplane, canard, tailplane, stabilizer, horizontal stabilizer, vertical stabilizer

6. (computing, Unicode) Any of 17 designated ranges of 2¹⁶ (65,536) sequential code points each.

• (mathematics): real plane, complex plane
• (anatomy): coronal plane, frontal plane, sagittal plane, transverse plane
• (level of existence): astral plane
• (control surface): diving plane
• (Unicode): BMP, PUP, SIP, SMP, SPUA, SSP, supplementary plane, TIP

• plain
• planar
• planate

• → Irish: plána

From Middle English plane, plaine, from Anglo-Norman plaine, from Late Latin plāna (“planing tool”).

plane (plural planes)

2. (countable, carpentry) A tool for smoothing wood by removing thin layers from the surface.

• rhykenologist

plane (third-person singular simple present planes, present participle planing, simple past and past participle planed)

1. (transitive, carpentry) To smooth (wood) with a plane.

Clipping of aeroplane.

• 'plane (dated)

plane (plural planes)

2. An airplane; an aeroplane.

   on a plane

   • 2013 September 6, Tom Cheshire, “Solar-powered travel”, in The Guardian Weekly‎^[1], volume 189, number 13, page 34:

     The plane is travelling impossibly slowly – 30km an hour – when it gently noses up and leaves the ground. With air beneath them, the rangy wings seem to gain strength; the fuselage that on the ground seemed flimsy becomes elegant, like a crane vaunting in flight. It seems not to fly, though, so much as float.

3. (entomology) Any of various nymphalid butterflies, of various genera, having a slow gliding flight.

   Synonym: aeroplane

4. (entomology) The butterfly Bindahara phocides, family Lycaenidae, of Asia and Australasia.

plane (third-person singular simple present planes, present participle planing, simple past and past participle planed)

1. (nautical, of a boat) To move in a way that lifts the bow out of the water.
2. To glide or soar.

From Middle English plane, borrowed from Old French plane, from Latin platanus, from Ancient Greek πλάτανος (plátanos), from πλατύς (platús, “wide, broad”).

plane (plural planes)

2. (countable) A deciduous tree of the genus Platanus.
3. (Northern UK) A sycamore.

• Cape plane
• London plane
• oriental plane, oriental plane tree

• Plane on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

• Alpen, Nepal, Palen, Plean, palen, panel, penal, plena

• IPA^(key): [ˈplanɛ]

plane

1. third-person singular present of planout

• IPA^(key): /plan/

• Audio:

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• Audio (France (Toulouse)):

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• Audio (France (Somain)):

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• Homophone: planes

plane

1. feminine singular of plan

plane

1. inflection of planer:
   1. first/third-person singular present indicative/subjunctive
   2. second-person singular imperative

• Népal, pénal

• Audio (Germany (Berlin)):

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plane

1. inflection of planen:
   1. first-person singular present
   2. first/third-person singular subjunctive I
   3. singular imperative

From plānus (“intelligible, clear”).

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [ˈpɫaː.neː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [ˈplaː.ne]

plānē (comparative plānius, superlative plānissimē)

1. plainly (to the senses or understanding), distinctly, intelligibly
2. (emphasising correctness) clearly, obviously; (also used as an affirmative answer)
   • 63 BCE, Cicero, Catiline Orations Oratio in Catilinam Prima in Senatu Habita.8:

     Nihil agis, nihil mōlīris, nihil cōgitās, quod nōn ego nōn modo audiam, sed etiam videam plānēque sentiam.

     [There is] nothing you do, nothing you attempt, nothing you plan, which I not only do not hear, but also can [not] see and clearly understand.
     (The adverb plane + the enclitic particle -que. Several of the definitions given here for plane are appropriate in this context: Cicero plainly, clearly, and fully understands what Catiline conspires against the republic.)

3. wholly, utterly, thoroughly, quite

• plānus

• → Hungarian: pláne

• “plānē” on page 1526 of the Oxford Latin Dictionary (2nd ed., 2012)

• “plane”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “plane”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• "plane", in Charles du Fresne du Cange, Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• “plane”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894), Latin Phrase-Book‎^[2], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • to speak openly, straightforwardly: plane, aperte dicere
    
  • to banish all sad thoughts: omnem luctum plane abstergere
    

• plēnā, plēna

plane m

1. locative singular of planas

plane

1. definite singular of plan
2. plural of plan

plane

1. inflection of planar:
   1. first/third-person singular present subjunctive
   2. third-person singular imperative

plane

1. definite natural masculine singular of plan

• Nepal, alpen