phenotype

From pheno- +‎ -type, from Ancient Greek φαίνω (phaínō, “to shine, to show, to appear”) + τύπος (túpos, “mark, type”).

• (UK) IPA^(key): /ˈfiː.nə(ʊ)ˌtaɪp/
• (US) IPA^(key): /ˈfiː.nəˌtaɪp/, /ˈfiː.noʊˌtaɪp/

• Audio (US):

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phenotype (plural phenotypes)

1. (genetics, evolutionary theory) The appearance of an organism based on a multifactorial combination of genetic traits and environmental factors, especially used in pedigrees.

   Coordinate term: genotype

2. (genetics, evolutionary theory) Any observable characteristic of an organism, such as its morphological, developmental, biochemical or physiological properties, or its behavior.

   Coordinate term: genotype

   • 2019 January 8, Nina Avramova, “AI technology can identify genetic diseases by looking at your face, study says”, in CNN‎^[1], archived from the original on 27 November 2022:

     He added, in an email to CNN, that “the collection of increasingly large and well curated medical datasets has enabled AI tools to predict genetic mutations from imaging phenotypes reducing the burden of healthcare systems and improving the way we care for patients.” Phenotypes are observable characteristics.

   • 2020 March 6, Kristen Rogers, “Prefer tea over coffee? It could be your genes, study finds”, in CNN‎^[2], archived from the original on 6 October 2022:

     The phenome comprises all the possible observable traits of DNA, known as phenotypes. Six of the genetic markers associated with food were also related to at least one disease phenotype, including several types of cancer as well as type 2 diabetes.

   • 2026 January 16, Ashley Strickland, “Genetic clues may be hiding in Leonardo da Vinci’s artwork”, in CNN‎^[3], archived from the original on 6 February 2026:

     Meiklejohn believes the authors could use other methodologies like the FORensic Capture Enrichment panel, designed to isolate human DNA for identifying extended kinship, ancestry and phenotype analysis.

phenotype (third-person singular simple present phenotypes, present participle phenotyping, simple past and past participle phenotyped)

1. To evaluate or classify based on phenotype.

   Coordinate term: genotype

   • 2000, T. Kubota et al., “Frequencies of CYP2D6 mutant alleles in a normal Japanese population and metabolic activity of dextromethorphan O-demethylation in different CYP2D6 genotypes”, in British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology‎^[4], volume 50, number 1:

     One hundred and sixty-two unrelated healthy Japanese subjects were genotyped with the polymerase chain reaction amplification method and 35 subjects were phenotyped with dextromethorphan.

• misphenotype