musculus

musculus

English

Etymology

Unadapted borrowing from Latin mūsculus (“a little mouse; a muscle”), diminutive of mūs (“a mouse”).

Pronunciation

Noun

musculus (plural musculi)

  1. (anatomy) A muscle. (Can we add an example for this sense?)

Derived terms

References

Latin

Etymology

Etymology tree
Proto-Indo-European *múHs
Proto-Italic *mūs
Latin mūs
Proto-Indo-European *-lós
Proto-Indo-European *-elós
Proto-Italic *-elos
Proto-Italic *-kelos
Latin -culus
▲
Ancient Greek μῦς (mûs)sl.
Latin mūsculus

    From mūs (“mouse”) +‎ -culus (diminutive suffix), literally “little mouse”. The “muscle” sense is a semantic loan from Ancient Greek μῦς (mûs, “mouse; mussel; muscle”),[1] compare also Russian мы́шца (mýšca, “muscle”).

    Pronunciation

    Noun

    mūsculus m (genitive mūsculī); second declension

    1. (literally) diminutive of mūs: a small mouse
    2. (transferred sense)
      1. a companion of the whale
      2. a saltwater mussel
      3. (anatomy) a muscle
      4. (military) a shed, mantelet, shielding
      5. (nautical) a kind of small sailing vessel

    Declension

    Second-declension noun.

    singular plural
    nominative mūsculus mūsculī
    genitive mūsculī mūsculōrum
    dative mūsculō mūsculīs
    accusative mūsculum mūsculōs
    ablative mūsculō mūsculīs
    vocative mūscule mūsculī

    Derived terms

    • *muscelliō (< *muscellus)
      • Galician: mexillón
      • Portuguese: mexilhão
      • → Spanish: mejillón
    • mūsculāris
    • mūsculōsus

    Descendants

    References

    1. ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “mūs, mūris (> Derivatives > mūsculus)”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 396-7

    Further reading

    • “musculus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
    • “musculus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
    • "musculus", in Charles du Fresne du Cange, Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
    • “musculus”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
    • “musculus”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper’s Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
    • “musculus”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin
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