laborer

laborer

English

Alternative forms

Etymology

Etymology tree
English labor
Proto-Indo-European *-yósder.
Proto-Italic *-āsjos
Latin -āriusnom.
Latin -āriusbor.
Proto-Germanic *-ārijaz
Proto-West Germanic *-ārī
Old English -ere
Middle English -ere
English -er
English laborer

    From labor + -er.

    Pronunciation

    • (US) IPA(key): /ˈleɪ.bɚ.ɹɚ/
    • Audio (Southern England):(file)

    Noun

    laborer (plural laborers)

    1. (American spelling) One who labors.
      Hyponyms: manual laborer, manual labourer (usually coinstantial)
      Near-synonyms: worker, toiler
      1. One who uses bodily strength rather than intellect to earn a wage, usually hourly.
        Synonyms: manual laborer, manual labourer
        Hypernym: worker
        Near-synonym: toiler

    Derived terms

    Translations

    Old French

    Etymology

    Borrowed from Latin labōrāre.

    Verb

    laborer

    1. to work; to labor

    Conjugation

    This verb conjugates as a first-group verb ending in -er. This verb has a stressed present stem labeur distinct from the unstressed stem labor. Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.

        Conjugation of laborer (see also Appendix:Old French verbs)
    simple compound
    infinitive laborer avoir laboré
    gerund en laborant gerund of avoir + past participle
    present participle laborant
    past participle laboré
    person singular plural
    first second third first second third
    indicative jo tu il nos vos il
    simple
    tenses     		present labeur labeures labeure laborons laborez labeurent
    imperfect laboroie, laboreie, laboroe, laboreve laboroies, laboreies, laboroes, laboreves laboroit, laboreit, laborot, laboreve laboriiens, laboriens laboriiez, laboriez laboroient, laboreient, laboroent, laborevent
    preterite laborai laboras labora laborames laborastes laborerent
    future laborerai laboreras laborera laborerons laboreroiz, laborereiz, laborerez laboreront
    conditional laboreroie, laborereie laboreroies, laborereies laboreroit, laborereit laboreriiens, laboreriens laboreriiez, laboreriez laboreroient, laborereient
    compound
    tenses     		present perfect present tense of avoir + past participle
    pluperfect imperfect tense of avoir + past participle
    past anterior preterite tense of avoir + past participle
    future perfect future tense of avoir + past participle
    conditional perfect conditional tense of avoir + past participle
    subjunctive que jo que tu qu’il que nos que vos qu’il
    simple
    tenses     		present labeur labeurs labeurt laborons laborez labeurent
    imperfect laborasse laborasses laborast laborissons, laborissiens laborissoiz, laborissez, laborissiez laborassent
    compound
    tenses     		past present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
    pluperfect imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
    imperative – tu – nos vos –
    — labeure — laborons laborez —

    Descendants

    • Middle French: labourer
      • French: labourer
    • Norman: labouother
    • → Middle English: labouren
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