kos

kos

See also: Appendix:Variations of "kos"
Languages (26)
Translingual • English
Afar • Afrikaans • Ahtna • Albanian • Antigua and Barbuda Creole English • Czech • Danish • Dutch • German • Hausa • Hungarian • Indonesian • Lower Sorbian • Malay • Middle High German • Norwegian Bokmål • Norwegian Nynorsk • Old High German • Papiamentu • Polish • Serbo-Croatian • Slovene • Swedish • Tok Pisin
Page categories

Translingual

Symbol

kos

  1. (international standards) ISO 639-2 & ISO 639-3 language code for Kosraean.

See also

  • Wiktionary’s coverage of Kosraean terms

English

Noun

kos (plural koses or kos)

  1. Alternative spelling of coss.

Afar

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /kos/ [kɔs]
  • Hyphenation: kos

Noun

kos m

  1. limp, lameness

References

  • Mohamed Hassan Kamil (2015), L’afar: description grammaticale d’une langue couchitique (Djibouti, Erythrée et Ethiopie)‎[1], Paris: Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (doctoral thesis)

Afrikaans

Etymology

From Dutch kost, from Middle Dutch cost, from Old French cost.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /kɔs/
  • Audio:(file)

Noun

kos (plural kosse, diminutive kossie)

  1. food

Usage notes

The diminutive singular is rarely used, while the diminutive plural, kossies, is more commonly found in language used for infants and small children.

Derived terms

Ahtna

Stem

kos

  1. Verbal stem occurring in the following root, aspect, and mode combinations:
Aspect Imperfective Perfective Future Optative
Momentaneous kaetsʼ (enclosed object moves)
Progressive kaetsʼ (enclosed object moves)
Perambulative kaetsʼ (enclosed object moves) kaetsʼ (enclosed object moves)

Albanian

Etymology

From a South Slavic language, compare Old Church Slavonic квасъ (kvasŭ, “sour dough, sour drink”), archaic Serbo-Croatian квас (“yeast”), Slovene kvas (“yeast”). Ultimately from Proto-Slavic *kvasъ (“leaven, fermented drink”).[1]

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /kɔs/

Noun

kos m (plural kosë, definite kosi, definite plural kosët)

  1. yogurt

Declension

Declension of kos
singular plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative kos kosi kosë kosët
accusative kosin
dative kosi kosit kosëve kosëve
ablative kosësh

Derived terms

  • kosaxhi

References

  1. ^ Orel, Vladimir (1998), “kos”, in Albanian Etymological Dictionary, Leiden; Boston; Köln: Brill, →ISBN, page 192

Antigua and Barbuda Creole English

Noun

kos (plural kos dem, quantified kos)

  1. curse

Czech

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [ˈkos]
  • Audio:(file)
  • Rhymes: -os
  • Homophone: koz

Etymology 1

Inherited from Old Czech kos, from Proto-Slavic *kosъ.

Noun

kos m anim (relational adjective kosí, diminutive kosík)

  1. blackbird
Declension
Declension of kos (hard masculine animate)
singular plural
nominative kos kosi, kosové
genitive kosa kosů
dative kosovi, kosu kosům
accusative kosa kosy
vocative kose kosi, kosové
locative kosovi, kosu kosech
instrumental kosem kosy
Derived terms
adjectives
nouns

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Noun

kos f

  1. genitive plural of kosa

Verb

kos

  1. second-person singular imperative of kosit

Further reading

Anagrams

Danish

Noun

kos c

  1. indefinite genitive singular of ko

Dutch

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /kɔs/
  • Hyphenation: kos
  • Rhymes: -ɔs

Noun

kos m (plural kossen, diminutive kosje n)

  1. dialectal form of kus (“kiss”)

German

Pronunciation

Verb

kos

  1. singular imperative of kosen

Hausa

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /kôs/
    • (Standard Kano Hausa) IPA(key): [kʷâs]

Noun

kôs m

  1. trump card

Hungarian

Etymology

Borrowed from a Turkic language before the times of the Hungarian conquest of the Carpathian Basin (at the turn of the 9th and 10th centuries). Compare Turkish koç.[1]

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [ˈkoʃ]
  • Audio:(file)
  • Hyphenation: kos
  • Rhymes: -oʃ

Noun

kos (plural kosok)

  1. ram, tup (a male sheep)
    Hypernym: (sheep) juh
    Hyponym: (a castrated ram) ürü
    aranygyapjas kos ― golden-fleeced ram (from Greek mythology)
  2. tup (the head of a hammer, and particularly of a steam-driven hammer)

Declension

Inflection (stem in -o-, back harmony)
singular plural
nominative kos kosok
accusative kost kosokat
dative kosnak kosoknak
instrumental kossal kosokkal
causal-final kosért kosokért
translative kossá kosokká
terminative kosig kosokig
essive-formal kosként kosokként
essive-modal — —
inessive kosban kosokban
superessive koson kosokon
adessive kosnál kosoknál
illative kosba kosokba
sublative kosra kosokra
allative koshoz kosokhoz
elative kosból kosokból
delative kosról kosokról
ablative kostól kosoktól
non-attributive
possessive – singular 		kosé kosoké
non-attributive
possessive – plural 		koséi kosokéi
Possessive forms of kos
possessor single possession multiple possessions
1st person sing. kosom kosaim
2nd person sing. kosod kosaid
3rd person sing. kosa kosai
1st person plural kosunk kosaink
2nd person plural kosotok kosaitok
3rd person plural kosuk kosaik

References

  1. ^ kos in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN.  (See also its 2nd edition.)

Further reading

  • kos in Géza Bárczi, László Országh, et al., editors, A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára [The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language] (ÉrtSz.), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN.

Anagrams

Indonesian

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Dutch kost, from Middle Dutch cost, from Old French cost, from Latin constare, present infinitive of consto (“to stand firm (at a price)”). Compare to Malay kos (“cost”).

Pronunciation

Noun

kos (plural kos-kos)

  1. (colloquial) lodging
    Synonyms: indekosan, kosan, kos-kosan

Verb

kos

  1. (colloquial) to rent a place to live or lodge
    Synonyms: berindekos, berkos, indekos, mengekos

Derived terms

  • berkos
  • kos-kosan
  • kosan
  • mengekos

Further reading

Lower Sorbian

Noun

kos m anim

  1. superseded spelling of kós

Declension

Declension of kos
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative kos kosa kose
Genitive kosa kosowu kosow
Dative kosoju kosoma kosam
Accusative kosa kosowu kose, kosow
Instrumental kosom kosoma kosami
Locative kosu kosoma kosach

Malay

Etymology

From Dutch kost, from Middle Dutch cost, from Old French cost, from Latin constare, present infinitive of consto (“to stand firm (at a price)”).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [kos]
  • Hyphenation: kos
  • Rhymes: -os

Noun

kos (Jawi spelling کوس, plural kos-kos or kos2)

  1. cost

Derived terms

Affixed terms and other derivations

Regular affixed derivations:

  • berkos [stative / habitual] (beR-)

Irregular affixed derivations, other derivations and compound words:

  • pengekosan

References

  • “kos”, in Kamus Dewan Perdana (in Malay), Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2020, →ISBN, page 1159
  • “kos”, in Kamus Bahasa Melayu Nusantara [Nusantara Malay Language Dictionary], 2nd edition, Berakas: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka Brunei, 2011, →ISBN, page 1421

Further reading

  • "kos" in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu (PRPM) [Malay Literary Reference Centre (PRPM)] (in Malay), Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017

Middle High German

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): (before 13th CE) /ˈkoːs̠/

Verb

kōs

  1. first/third-person singular past indicative of kiesen

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology 1

From the verb kose.

Noun

kos m (definite singular kosen) (uncountable)

  1. cosiness (UK) or coziness (US)

Etymology 2

Noun

kos m

  1. hug, cuddle

Etymology 3

Verb

kos

  1. imperative of kose

References

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology 1

From the verb kose.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /kuːs/

Noun

kos m (definite singular kosen, uncountable)

  1. cosiness (UK) or coziness (US)
Derived terms

Adjective

kos

  1. cozy

Etymology 2

Alternative forms

  • kòs

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /koːs/

Noun

kos f (definite singular kosa, indefinite plural kaser, definite plural kasene)

  1. a heap, a pile

References

Old High German

Verb

kōs

  1. first/third-person singular preterite indicative of kiosan

Papiamentu

Etymology

From Spanish cosa and Portuguese coisa and Kabuverdianu kuza.

Noun

kos

  1. thing

Polish

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈkɔs/
  • Audio:(file)
  • Rhymes: -ɔs
  • Syllabification: kos
  • Homophone: Kos

Etymology 1

Etymology tree
Proto-Slavic *kosъ
Polish kos

    Inherited from Proto-Slavic *kosъ.

    Noun

    kos m animal

    1. blackbird, common blackbird, merle (Turdus merula)
      Synonym: kos zwyczajny
    Declension
    Declension of kos
    singular plural
    nominative kos kosy
    genitive kosa kosów
    dative kosowi kosom
    accusative kosa kosy
    instrumental kosem kosami
    locative kosie kosach
    vocative kosie kosy

    Etymology 2

    See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

    Noun

    kos f

    1. genitive plural of kosa

    Further reading

    • “kos”, in Wielki słownik języka polskiego‎[2] (in Polish), Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
    • “kos”, in Polish dictionaries at PWN‎[3] (in Polish)

    Serbo-Croatian

    Etymology 1

    Inherited from Proto-Slavic *kosъ. First attested in the 19th century.

    Pronunciation

    • IPA(key): /kôːs/

    Adjective

    kȏs (Cyrillic spelling ко̑с, definite kȏsī)

    1. slant, inclined, skew
    2. (grammar) oblique (of a case)
    Declension
    indefinite forms
    singular masculine feminine neuter
    nominative kos kosa koso
    genitive kosa kose kosa
    dative kosu kosoj kosu
    accusative inanimate
    animate     		kos
    kosa         		kosu koso
    vocative kos kosa koso
    locative kosu kosoj kosu
    instrumental kosim kosom kosim
    plural masculine feminine neuter
    nominative kosi kose kosa
    genitive kosih kosih kosih
    dative kosim(a) kosim(a) kosim(a)
    accusative kose kose kosa
    vocative kosi kose kosa
    locative kosim(a) kosim(a) kosim(a)
    instrumental kosim(a) kosim(a) kosim(a)
    definite forms
    singular masculine feminine neuter
    nominative kosi kosa koso
    genitive kosog(a) kose kosog(a)
    dative kosom(u/e) kosoj kosom(u/e)
    accusative inanimate
    animate     		kosi
    kosog(a)         		kosu koso
    vocative kosi kosa koso
    locative kosom(e/u) kosoj kosom(e/u)
    instrumental kosim kosom kosim
    plural masculine feminine neuter
    nominative kosi kose kosa
    genitive kosih kosih kosih
    dative kosim(a) kosim(a) kosim(a)
    accusative kose kose kosa
    vocative kosi kose kosa
    locative kosim(a) kosim(a) kosim(a)
    instrumental kosim(a) kosim(a) kosim(a)

    Further reading

    • “kos”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2026

    Etymology 2

    Inherited from Proto-Slavic *kosъ. First attested in the 16th century.

    Pronunciation

    • IPA(key): /kôːs/

    Noun

    kȏs m anim (Cyrillic spelling ко̑с)

    1. blackbird
    Declension
    Declension of kos
    singular plural
    nominative kȏs kósovi
    genitive kosa kosova
    dative kosu kosovima
    accusative kosa kosove
    vocative kose kosovi
    locative kosu kosovima
    instrumental kosom kosovima

    Further reading

    • “kos”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2026

    Slovene

    Etymology 1

    From Proto-Slavic *kosъ.

    Pronunciation

    • IPA(key): /kóːs/

    Adjective

    kọ̑s

    1. (archaic) slanted, inclined, skewed
    Declension
    The diacritics used in this section of the entry are non-tonal. If you are a native tonal speaker, please help by adding the tonal marks.
    Hard
    masculine feminine neuter
    nom. sing. kós kósa kóso
    singular
    masculine feminine neuter
    nominative kós ind
    kósi def     		kósa kóso
    genitive kósega kóse kósega
    dative kósemu kósi kósemu
    accusative nominativeinan or
    genitive    anim     		kóso kóso
    locative kósem kósi kósem
    instrumental kósim kóso kósim
    dual
    masculine feminine neuter
    nominative kósa kósi kósi
    genitive kósih kósih kósih
    dative kósima kósima kósima
    accusative kósa kósi kósi
    locative kósih kósih kósih
    instrumental kósima kósima kósima
    plural
    masculine feminine neuter
    nominative kósi kóse kósa
    genitive kósih kósih kósih
    dative kósim kósim kósim
    accusative kóse kóse kósa
    locative kósih kósih kósih
    instrumental kósimi kósimi kósimi

    Etymology 2

    From Proto-Slavic *kǫsъ.

    Pronunciation

    • IPA(key): /kóːs/

    Noun

    kọ̑s m inan

    1. piece
    Declension
    The diacritics used in this section of the entry are non-tonal. If you are a native tonal speaker, please help by adding the tonal marks.
    Masculine inan., hard o-stem
    nom. sing. kós
    gen. sing. kósa
    singular dual plural
    nominative
    (imenovȃlnik)     		kós kósa kósi
    genitive
    (rodȋlnik)     		kósa kósov kósov
    dative
    (dajȃlnik)     		kósu kósoma kósom
    accusative
    (tožȋlnik)     		kós kósa kóse
    locative
    (mẹ̑stnik)     		kósu kósih kósih
    instrumental
    (orọ̑dnik)     		kósom kósoma kósi

    Etymology 3

    Inherited from Proto-Slavic *kosъ. First attested in the 16th century.

    Pronunciation

    • IPA(key): /kóːs/

    Noun

    kọ̑s m anim

    1. blackbird
    Declension
    The diacritics used in this section of the entry are non-tonal. If you are a native tonal speaker, please help by adding the tonal marks.
    Masculine anim., hard o-stem
    nom. sing. kós
    gen. sing. kósa
    singular dual plural
    nominative
    (imenovȃlnik)     		kós kósa kósi
    genitive
    (rodȋlnik)     		kósa kósov kósov
    dative
    (dajȃlnik)     		kósu kósoma kósom
    accusative
    (tožȋlnik)     		kósa kósa kóse
    locative
    (mẹ̑stnik)     		kósu kósih kósih
    instrumental
    (orọ̑dnik)     		kósom kósoma kósi

    Further reading

    • “kos”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, portal Fran
    • “kos”, in Termania, Amebis
    • See also the general references

    Swedish

    Etymology

    Doublet of kurs.

    Noun

    kos c

    1. (in some expressions) course (often away)
      Tjuven flydde sin kos
      The thief fled his course (fled)
      Fågeln flög sin kos
      The bird flew its course (flew away)
      att styra sin kos någonstans
      to head towards some place [steer one's course somewhere]

    See also

    Noun

    kos

    1. indefinite genitive singular of ko

    References

    Anagrams

    Tok Pisin

    Etymology 1

    From English cost.

    Noun

    kos

    1. cost

    Etymology 2

    From English cause.

    Noun

    kos

    1. cause
    This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is available under Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0 unless otherwise noted. Additional terms may apply for the media files.