improviser
English
Etymology
Etymology tree
Noun
improviser (plural improvisers)
- One who improvises.
Translations
one who improvises
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References
- William Dwight Whitney, Benjamin E[li] Smith, editors (1911), “improviser”, in The Century Dictionary […], New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., →OCLC.
- “improviser”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.
French
Etymology
Borrowed from Italian improvvisare.
Pronunciation
Verb
improviser
- to improvise
Conjugation
Conjugation of improviser (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| infinitive | simple | improviser | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle or gerund1 | simple | improvisant /ɛ̃.pʁɔ.vi.zɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | improvisé /ɛ̃.pʁɔ.vi.ze/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | improvise /ɛ̃.pʁɔ.viz/ |
improvises /ɛ̃.pʁɔ.viz/ |
improvise /ɛ̃.pʁɔ.viz/ |
improvisons /ɛ̃.pʁɔ.vi.zɔ̃/ |
improvisez /ɛ̃.pʁɔ.vi.ze/ |
improvisent /ɛ̃.pʁɔ.viz/ |
| imperfect | improvisais /ɛ̃.pʁɔ.vi.zɛ/ |
improvisais /ɛ̃.pʁɔ.vi.zɛ/ |
improvisait /ɛ̃.pʁɔ.vi.zɛ/ |
improvisions /ɛ̃.pʁɔ.vi.zjɔ̃/ |
improvisiez /ɛ̃.pʁɔ.vi.zje/ |
improvisaient /ɛ̃.pʁɔ.vi.zɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | improvisai /ɛ̃.pʁɔ.vi.ze/ |
improvisas /ɛ̃.pʁɔ.vi.za/ |
improvisa /ɛ̃.pʁɔ.vi.za/ |
improvisâmes /ɛ̃.pʁɔ.vi.zam/ |
improvisâtes /ɛ̃.pʁɔ.vi.zat/ |
improvisèrent /ɛ̃.pʁɔ.vi.zɛʁ/ | |
| future | improviserai /ɛ̃.pʁɔ.viz.ʁe/ |
improviseras /ɛ̃.pʁɔ.viz.ʁa/ |
improvisera /ɛ̃.pʁɔ.viz.ʁa/ |
improviserons /ɛ̃.pʁɔ.viz.ʁɔ̃/ |
improviserez /ɛ̃.pʁɔ.viz.ʁe/ |
improviseront /ɛ̃.pʁɔ.viz.ʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | improviserais /ɛ̃.pʁɔ.viz.ʁɛ/ |
improviserais /ɛ̃.pʁɔ.viz.ʁɛ/ |
improviserait /ɛ̃.pʁɔ.viz.ʁɛ/ |
improviserions /ɛ̃.pʁɔ.vi.zə.ʁjɔ̃/ |
improviseriez /ɛ̃.pʁɔ.vi.zə.ʁje/ |
improviseraient /ɛ̃.pʁɔ.viz.ʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | improvise /ɛ̃.pʁɔ.viz/ |
improvises /ɛ̃.pʁɔ.viz/ |
improvise /ɛ̃.pʁɔ.viz/ |
improvisions /ɛ̃.pʁɔ.vi.zjɔ̃/ |
improvisiez /ɛ̃.pʁɔ.vi.zje/ |
improvisent /ɛ̃.pʁɔ.viz/ |
| imperfect2 | improvisasse /ɛ̃.pʁɔ.vi.zas/ |
improvisasses /ɛ̃.pʁɔ.vi.zas/ |
improvisât /ɛ̃.pʁɔ.vi.za/ |
improvisassions /ɛ̃.pʁɔ.vi.za.sjɔ̃/ |
improvisassiez /ɛ̃.pʁɔ.vi.za.sje/ |
improvisassent /ɛ̃.pʁɔ.vi.zas/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | improvise /ɛ̃.pʁɔ.viz/ |
— | improvisons /ɛ̃.pʁɔ.vi.zɔ̃/ |
improvisez /ɛ̃.pʁɔ.vi.ze/ |
— | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
Derived terms
Further reading
- “improviser”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012
Norwegian Bokmål
Verb
improviser
- imperative of improvisere