ibar

ibar

Basque

Etymology

Etymology tree
Proto-Basque *ibar
Basque ibar

    From Proto-Basque *ibar.

    Pronunciation

    • Audio:(file)
    • IPA(key): /ibar/ [i.β̞ar]
    • Rhymes: -ibar, -ar
    • Hyphenation: i‧bar

    Noun

    ibar inan

    1. valley

    Declension

    Declension of ibar (inan C-stem)
    indefinite singular plural proximal plural
    absolutive ibar ibarra ibarrak ibarrok
    ergative ibarrek ibarrak ibarrek ibarrok
    dative ibarri ibarrari ibarrei ibarroi
    genitive ibarren ibarraren ibarren ibarron
    comitative ibarrekin ibarrarekin ibarrekin ibarrokin
    causative ibarrengatik ibarrarengatik ibarrengatik ibarrongatik
    benefactive ibarrentzat ibarrarentzat ibarrentzat ibarrontzat
    instrumental ibarrez ibarraz ibarrez ibarrotaz
    inessive ibarretan ibarrean ibarretan ibarrotan
    locative ibarretako ibarreko ibarretako ibarrotako
    allative ibarretara ibarrera ibarretara ibarrotara
    terminative ibarretaraino ibarreraino ibarretaraino ibarrotaraino
    directive ibarretarantz ibarrerantz ibarretarantz ibarrotarantz
    destinative ibarretarako ibarrerako ibarretarako ibarrotarako
    ablative ibarretatik ibarretik ibarretatik ibarrotatik
    partitive ibarrik — — —
    prolative ibartzat — — —

    Synonyms

    Further reading

    • “ibar”, in Euskaltzaindiaren Hiztegia [Dictionary of the Basque Academy] (in Basque), Euskaltzaindia [Royal Academy of the Basque Language]
    • “ibar”, in Orotariko Euskal Hiztegia [General Basque Dictionary], Euskaltzaindia, 1987–2005

    Dupaningan Agta

    Noun

    ibar

    1. saliva; spit

    Old Irish

    Etymology

    From Proto-Celtic *eburos. Cognate with Middle Welsh efwr (“hogweed”).[1]

    Pronunciation

    • IPA(key): /ˈi.βəɾ/
      • (Blasse) [ˈi.βaɾ]
      • (Griffith) [ˈi.βəɾ]

    Noun

    ibar m (genitive ibair, nominative plural ibair)

    1. yew

    Inflection

    Masculine o-stem
    singular dual plural
    nominative ibar ibarL ibairL
    vocative ibair ibarL ibruH
    accusative ibarN ibarL ibruH
    genitive ibairL ibar ibarN
    dative iburL ibraib ibraib
    Initial mutations of a following adjective:
    • H = triggers aspiration
    • L = triggers lenition
    • N = triggers nasalization

    Descendants

    • Irish: iúr, iobhar (obsolete), úr
    • Manx: euar
    • Scottish Gaelic: iubhar

    Mutation

    Mutation of ibar
    radical lenition nasalization
    ibar
    (pronounced with /h/ in h-prothesis environments)    		 ibar n-ibar

    Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish.
    All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

    References

    1. ^ Matasović, Ranko (2009), “*eburo-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, pages 112-113

    Further reading

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