hatred
English
Etymology
From Middle English haterede, hatrede (“hatred”), from hate (“hate”) + -rede (“suffix denoting state or condition”), equivalent to hate + -red; compare sibred, Scots luferent. Related to Icelandic hatur (“hatred”).
Pronunciation
Noun
hatred (countable and uncountable, plural hatreds)
- A strong aversion; an intense dislike.
- Synonyms: hate, antipathy, hostility
- Antonyms: love, amity
1697, [William] Congreve, The Mourning Bride, a Tragedy. […], London: […] Jacob Tonson, […], →OCLC, Act III, page 39:Heav'n has no Rage, like Love to Hatred turn'd, / Nor Hell a Fury, like a Woman ſcorn'd.
1748, David Hume, Enquiries concerning the human understanding and concerning the principles of moral., London: Oxford University Press, published 1973, § 34:the very circumstance which renders it so innocent is what chiefly exposes it to the public hatred
1963, Margery Allingham, chapter 8, in The China Governess: A Mystery, London: Chatto & Windus, →OCLC:It was a casual sneer, obviously one of a long line. There was hatred behind it, but of a quiet, chronic type, nothing new or unduly virulent, and he was taken aback by the flicker of amazed incredulity that passed over the younger man's ravaged face.
2000, David Crystal, Language Death:Fears and hatreds pay no attention to facts.
Usage notes
- The noun hatred is not used as a modifier in compound nouns; instead, its synonym hate is used, as, for example, in hate crime.
Derived terms
Translations
strong aversion
- Abkhaz: агәаӷ (agʷağ)
- Afrikaans: haat (af)
- Albanian: urrejtje (sq) f, zët (sq)
- Arabic: بُغْض m (buḡḍ), كَرَاهِيَة f (karāhiya), كُرْه (kurh), بَغْضَاء f (baḡḍāʔ)
- Egyptian Arabic: كره m (kurh), كراهية f (karāheya), بغض m (buḡḍ)
- Moroccan Arabic: كره m (krəh)
- Aragonese: odio m, quimera m
- Armenian: ատելություն (hy) (atelutʻyun)
- Aromanian: urã f
- Assamese: ঘিণ (ghin), আখেজ (akhez)
- Asturian: odiu m
- Azerbaijani: nifrət
- Basque: herra, gorroto
- Belarusian: няна́вісць f (njanáviscʹ), няна́вісьць f (njanávisʹcʹ)
- Bengali: নফরৎ (bn) (nôfrôt), আখেজ (bn) (akhez), ঘেন্না (bn) (ghenna), ঘিন (bn) (ghin), ঘৃণা (bn) (ghrina)
- Breton: kas (br) m, kasoni (br) f
- Bulgarian: омра́за (bg) f (omráza), нена́вист (bg) f (nenávist)
- Burmese: ပဋိဃာတ် (my) (pa.ti.ghat)
- Carpathian Rusyn: ненависть f (nenavystʹ)
- Catalan: odi (ca) m
- Chechen: хьаг (ḥʳag), цабезам (cabezam), ачо (ačo), гамо (gamo)
- Cherokee: ᎠᏓᎾᏆᏘᏍᏗ (adanaquatisdi)
- Chinese:
- Mandarin: 恨 (zh) (hèn), 仇恨 (zh) (chóuhèn), 憎惡 / 憎恶 (zh) (zēngwù), 憎恨 (zh) (zēnghèn), 怨恨 (zh) (yuànhèn), 厭惡 / 厌恶 (zh) (yànwù)
- Czech: nenávist (cs) f, zášť (cs) f
- Danish: had (da) n
- Dutch: haat (nl) m
- Elfdalian: at n
- Esperanto: malamo
- Estonian: viha (et)
- Faroese: hatur n
- Fijian: veicati
- Finnish: viha (fi)
- French: haine (fr) f
- Galician: odio (gl) m, xenreira (gl) f
- Georgian: სიძულვილი (siʒulvili), მძულვარება (mʒulvareba), ზიზღი (zizɣi)
- German: Hass (de) m
- Gothic: 𐍆𐌹𐌾𐌰𐌸𐍅𐌰 f (fijaþwa), 𐌽𐌴𐌹𐌸 n (neiþ)
- Greek: μίσος (el) n (mísos), έχθρα (el) f (échthra), απέχθεια (el) f (apéchtheia)
- Ancient Greek: μῖσος n (mîsos)
- Greenlandic: uumissuineq, qinngarsuineq
- Hawaiian: inaina
- Hebrew: שִׂנְאָה (he) f (sin'á)
- Hiligaynon: kadúmut
- Hindi: घृणा (hi) f (ghŕṇā), घिन (hi) f (ghin), दुश्मनी (hi) f (duśmanī), नफ़रत f (nafrat)
- Hungarian: gyűlölet (hu)
- Icelandic: hatur (is) n
- Indonesian: kebencian (id)
- Interlingua: odio
- Irish: fuath m, gráin f
- Italian: odio (it) m, risentimento (it) m
- Japanese: 憎しみ (ja) (にくしみ, nikushimi), 憎悪 (ja) (ぞうお, zōo), 嫌悪 (ja) (けんお, ken'o), 厭悪 (ja) (えんお, en'o), 嫌厭 (ja) (けんえん, ken'en)
- Kazakh: ғадауат (ğadauat), жек көрушілік (jek köruşılık)
- Khmer: ស្អប់ខ្ពើម (s’ap kpəəm), សេចក្ដីស្អប់ (səckdəy s’ɑp)
- Korean: 증오심(憎惡心) (ko) (jeung'osim), 증오(憎惡) (ko) (jeung'o), 미움 (ko) (mium)
- Kurdish:
- Central Kurdish: قین (qîn)
- Northern Kurdish: kîn (ku), nefret (ku), kerb (ku)
- Kyrgyz: жек көрүүчүлүк (jek körüücülük), жаман көрүүчүлүк (jaman körüücülük)
- Lao: ເວນ (wēn), ຄວາມກຽດຊັງ (khuām kīat sang)
- Latin: odium n, invidia f
- Latvian: naids (lv) m, ienaids (lv) m
- Lithuanian: neapykanta (lt) f
- Lombard: odi (lmo)
- Low German: Hat m
- Macedonian: омраза f (omraza)
- Malay: benci (ms), kebencian (ms)
- Malayalam: വെറുപ്പ് (ml) (veṟuppŭ), വിദ്വേഷം (ml) (vidvēṣaṁ)
- Maltese: mibegħda f, bagħda f
- Māori: mauāhara, ahikauri
- Marathi: द्वेष (dveṣ)
- Middle English: hate, haterede, hete
- Mongolian:
- Cyrillic: хорсол (mn) (xorsol), занал (mn) (zanal), үзэн ядалт (üzen jadalt)
- Mongolian script: ᠬᠣᠷᠤᠰᠤᠯ (qorusul), ᠵᠠᠨᠤᠯ (ǰanul), ᠦᠵᠡᠨ
ᠶᠠᠳᠠᠯᠲᠠ (üǰen yadalta)
- Norwegian:
- Bokmål: hat (no) n
- Nynorsk: hat n
- Occitan: òdi (oc) m
- Old Church Slavonic:
- Cyrillic: ненависть f (nenavistĭ)
- Old East Slavic: ненависть f (nenavistĭ)
- Old English: hete m
- Old Norse: hatr
- Oromo: jibba
- Pannonian Rusyn: нєнависц f (njenavisc)
- Pashto: نفرت (ps) m (nafrát)
- Persian:
- Iranian Persian: نَفْرَت (fa) (nafrat), دُشْمَنی (fa) (došmani)
- Plautdietsch: Hot m
- Polish: nienawiść (pl) f
- Portuguese: ódio (pt) m
- Quechua: chiqniy
- Romanian: ură (ro) f
- Romansh: odi m
- Russian: не́нависть (ru) f (nénavistʹ)
- Sami:
- Northern Sami: vašši
- Sanskrit: द्वेष (sa) (dveṣa), घृणा (sa) (ghṛṇā)
- Scottish Gaelic: gràin f, fuath m
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Cyrillic: мр́жња f
- Latin: mŕžnja (sh) f
- Slovak: nenávisť (sk) f, zášť f
- Slovene: sovraštvo (sl) n
- Sorbian:
- Upper Sorbian: hida f
- Spanish: odio (es) m
- Swahili: chuki (sw)
- Swedish: hat (sv) n
- Tagalog: poot (tl), muhi
- Tajik: нафрат (tg) (nafrat), душманӣ (tg) (dušmani)
- Tamil: வெறுப்பு (ta) (veṟuppu)
- Thai: ความเกลียด (th) (kwaam-glìiat), ความชัง (th) (kwaam-chang)
- Tibetan: སྡང་འཛིན (sdang 'dzin), སྡང་ཁྲོ (sdang khro), ཞེ་ལོག (zhe log), ཞེ་འཁོན་པ (zhe 'khon pa)
- Tocharian B: rser, wer
- Tok Pisin: pasin birua
- Turkish: nefret (tr), iğrenti (tr), tiksinti (tr)
- Turkmen: ýigrenç
- Ukrainian: нена́висть f (nenávystʹ)
- Urdu: نَفْرَت f (nafrat), دُشْمَنی f (duśmanī), گِھرْنا f (ghirnā), گِھن f (ghin)
- Uyghur: نەپرەت (nepret)
- Uzbek: nafratlanish
- Vietnamese: sự ghét (vi), sự căm thù (vi)
- Walloon: haeyeme (wa) f, hinne (wa) f
- Welsh: casineb (cy) m
- Yiddish: האַס f (has), שׂינאה f (sine), בייזוויליקײַט f (beyzvilikayt), פֿאַראַכטונג f (farakhtung), פֿײַנטשאַפֿט f (fayntshaft)
- Zazaki: zeri mendış, nefret
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Anagrams
Middle English
Noun
hatred
- alternative form of haterede
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