grad

• IPA^(key): /ɡɹæd/

• Audio (Southern England):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -æd

grad (plural grads)

2. Clipping of graduate.
4. Clipping of graduation.
6. (trigonometry) Abbreviation of gradian.

• deg
• rad

grad (plural grads)

1. Alternative letter-case form of Grad.

• Gard, darg, drag, gard

From Middle High German gerade, gerat, from Old High German rado (“fast”, adverb), from rad (“fast”, adjective), from Proto-West Germanic *hrad (“quick, hasty”). Cognate with German gerade.

• IPA^(key): /ɡrɑd/

grad

1. now, at the moment
   • 1978, Rolf Lyssy & Christa Maerker, Die Schweizermacher, (transcript):

     Mir si grad am Esse, aber Si gönd gern mitesse, wen Si wend.

     We're eating at the moment, but you can gladly join us for dinner if you like.

2. exactly

From clipping of English graduate.

grad

1. (Hong Kong Cantonese) to graduate

From Latin gradus

• IPA^(key): [ˈɡ̊ʁɑˀð], ([ˈɡ̊ʁɑðˀ])
• Homophone: græd

grad c (singular definite graden, plural indefinite grader)

1. degree

   i allerhøjeste grad

   to the very highest degree

   til en sådan grad, at

   to such a degree that

2. degree (180th of pi)

   Drej 90 grader i positiv omløbsretning (mod uret).

   Turn 90 degrees in the positive direction of circumambulation (counterclockwise).

3. (mostly in compounds) academic degree

   Hun tog en grad i ægyptologi.

   She got a degree in egyptology.

Contraction of gerade.

• IPA^(key): /ɡʁaːt/, /ɡʁat/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -aːt
• Homophones: Grad, Grat

grad

1. (colloquial) alternative form of gerade

• “grad” in Duden online
• “grad”, in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache‎^[2] (in German)

From Dutch graad, from Middle Dutch graet, from Latin gradus.^[1]

• IPA^(key): [ˈɡrat]
• Hyphenation: grad

grad

1. grade, degree, level

   Synonym: derajat

2. dignity, prestige

   Synonym: martabat

• gréd (Standard Malay)

• “grad”, in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia [Great Dictionary of the Indonesian Language] (in Indonesian), Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016

From Middle High German gerat, from Old High German girat, equivalent to ge- + the root of Rad (“wheel”).

grad

1. just, just now

   Mäi Brudder ass grad heemkomm

   My brother has just come home

Borrowed from Italian grado.

• IPA^(key): /ɡraːd/
• Rhymes: -aːd

grad m (plural gradi)

1. degree (of a circle)
2. degree (temperature)

From Latin gradus.

grad m (definite singular graden, indefinite plural grader, definite plural gradene)

1. degree (general)
2. an academic degree
3. degree (of angle)
4. degree (of latitude or longitude)
5. degree (of temperature)
6. rank (e.g. military)

• “grad” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

From Latin gradus.

• IPA^(key): /ɡrɑːd/

grad m (definite singular graden, indefinite plural gradar, definite plural gradane)
grad f (definite singular grada, indefinite plural grader, definite plural gradene)

1. a degree (general)
2. an academic degree
3. degree (of angle)
4. degree (of latitude or longitude)
5. degree (of temperature)
6. rank (e.g. military)

• “grad” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

From Latin gradus.

• IPA^(key): /ɡrɑd/
• Rhymes: -ɑd

grad m

1. grade, step, order, degree, rank
   • Homilies of the Anglo-Saxon Church

     Eft æt sumum sæle ætslād sē hālga wer on ðām hēalīcum gradum æt þām hālgum wēofode, swā þæt hē fornēan eal wearð tōcwȳsed; ac on þǣre nihte hine ġelācnode God, ðurh his hālgan enġel, tō ansundre hǣle.

     Also, at a certain hall, the holy man slipped on the high steps at the holy altar, so that almost his whole body became bruised; but in the night, God restored him to full health through his holy angel.

Strong a-stem:

• Joseph Bosworth; T. Northcote Toller (1898), “grad”, in An Anglo-Saxon Dictionary, second edition, Oxford: Oxford University Press.

• IPA^(key): /ˈɡrat/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -at
• Syllabification: grad
• Homophones: Grad, grat

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *gradъ.

grad m inan (related adjective gradowy)

1. hail (balls of ice)
2. (figurative) mass (large number or amount)

   Synonyms: deszcz, ulewa

   Hypernyms: masa, ogrom

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

grad m inan

1. (geometry, trigonometry) gradian (unit of angle equal to 0.9 degrees, so that there are 100 gradians in a right angle)

• “grad”, in Wielki słownik języka polskiego‎^[3] (in Polish), Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
• “grad”, in Polish dictionaries at PWN‎^[4] (in Polish)

Borrowed from French grade, ultimately from Latin gradus.

grad n (plural grade)

1. degree (unit of measurement for temperature)

From Proto-Celtic *groddo, ultimately from the root of greas (“to hasten”).

grad

1. sudden, immediate, instant
2. quick, rapid, swift, alert, agile

• Often used adverbially, preceding and leniting the verbal noun:

  a' grad-amharc oirre ― glancing at her

  ghrad-leum e bhon chathair ― he suddenly leapt from the chair

• gu grad

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *gȏrdъ, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *gárdas, from Proto-Indo-European *gʰórdʰos.

• IPA^(key): /ɡrâːd/

grȃd m inan (Cyrillic spelling гра̑д)

1. city, town

   Grad sv(j)etlosti ― City of Light (nickname of Paris)

   Selo hvali, a u gradu živi. ― Speak well of the countryside, but live in the city. (proverb)

   Bolje je biti neko u selu nego niko u gradu. ― It's better to be somebody in a village than nobody in a city. (paraphrased quote by Julius Caesar)

2. fortress, castle
3. downtown, city center

• “grad”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2026

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *gradъ, from Proto-Indo-European *greh₃d-.

• IPA^(key): /ɡrâd/

grȁd m inan (Cyrillic spelling гра̏д)

1. hail

   Synonyms: tȕča, krúpa, lȇd

• “grad”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2026

Borrowed from Latin gradus.

• IPA^(key): /ɡrâːd/

grȃd m inan (Cyrillic spelling гра̑д)

1. (mathematics) gradian
2. degree (measuring unit in various systems; the more usual and general term is stȅpēn or stȗpanj)

• “grad”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2026

From Serbo-Croatian grad (“city, town, fortress”). The extended meaning of ‘country’ is a semantic loan from Italian paese.^[1]

• IPA^(key): /ɡrâːd/

grad m

1. village
2. country

• Walter Breu and Giovanni Piccoli (2000), Dizionario croato molisano di Acquaviva Collecroce: Dizionario plurilingue della lingua slava della minoranza di provenienza dalmata di Acquaviva Collecroce in Provincia di Campobasso (Parte grammaticale).
• Breu, W., Mader Skender, M. B. & Piccoli, G. 2013. Oral texts in Molise Slavic (Italy): Acquaviva Collecroce. In Adamou, E., Breu, W., Drettas, G. & Scholze, L. (eds.). 2013. EuroSlav2010: Elektronische Datenbank bedrohter slavischer Varietäten in nichtslavophonen Ländern Europas – Base de données électronique de variétés slaves menacées dans des pays européens non slavophones. Konstanz: Universität / Paris: Lacito (Internet Publication).

From Proto-Slavic *gȏrdъ.

• IPA^(key): /ɡráːt/
• Rhymes: -aːd

grȃd m inan

1. castle
2. (obsolete) city

First masculine declension (hard o-stem, inanimate, -ov- infix) , long mixed accent, ending -u in genitive singular
nom. sing.	grȃd
gen. sing.	gradȗ
	singular	dual	plural
nominative imenovȃlnik	grȃd	gradȏva	gradȏvi
genitive rodȋlnik	gradȗ	gradóv	gradóv
dative dajȃlnik	grȃdu, grȃdi	gradȏvoma, gradȏvama	gradȏvom, grȃdȏvam
accusative tožȋlnik	grȃd	gradȏva	gradȏve
locative mẹ̑stnik	grȃdu, grȃdi	gradȏvih	gradȏvih
instrumental orọ̑dnik	grȃdom	gradȏvoma, gradȏvama	gradȏvi
(vocative) (ogȏvorni imenovȃlnik)	grȃd	gradȏva	gradȏvi

First masculine declension (hard o-stem, inanimate, -ov- infix) , fixed accent
nom. sing.	grȃd
gen. sing.	grȃda
	singular	dual	plural
nominative imenovȃlnik	grȃd	gradȏva	gradȏvi
genitive rodȋlnik	grȃda	gradóv	gradóv
dative dajȃlnik	grȃdu, grȃdi	gradȏvoma, gradȏvama	gradȏvom, grȃdȏvam
accusative tožȋlnik	grȃd	gradȏva	gradȏve
locative mẹ̑stnik	grȃdu, grȃdi	gradȏvih	gradȏvih
instrumental orọ̑dnik	grȃdom	gradȏvoma, gradȏvama	gradȏvi
(vocative) (ogȏvorni imenovȃlnik)	grȃd	gradȏva	gradȏvi

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

• IPA^(key): /ɡráːt/
• Rhymes: -aːd
• Hyphenation: grad

grȃd m inan

1. (trigonometry) gradian
2. (wine) alcohol by volume

First masculine declension (hard o-stem, inanimate) , fixed accent
nom. sing.	grȃd
gen. sing.	grȃda
	singular	dual	plural
nominative imenovȃlnik	grȃd	grȃda	grȃdi
genitive rodȋlnik	grȃda	grȃdov	grȃdov
dative dajȃlnik	grȃdu, grȃdi	grȃdoma, grȃdama	grȃdom, grȃdam
accusative tožȋlnik	grȃd	grȃda	grȃde
locative mẹ̑stnik	grȃdu, grȃdi	grȃdih, grȃdah	grȃdih, grȃdah
instrumental orọ̑dnik	grȃdom	grȃdoma, grȃdama	grȃdi
(vocative) (ogȏvorni imenovȃlnik)	grȃd	grȃda	grȃdi

• “grad”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, portal Fran
• “grad”, in Termania, Amebis
• See also the general references

From Latin gradus

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɑːd

grad c

1. degree (extent)

   I vilken grad bör man fokusera på kebabsåsens krämighet?

   To what degree should you focus on the creaminess of the kebab sauce?

   tredje gradens brännskador

   third degree burns

   närkontakt av tredje graden

   close encounters of the third degree (idiomatic as opposed to "kind")

2. (physics) degree (unit of temperature, in Celsius, Fahrenheit, Kelvin, etc.)

   – Hur många grader är det ute? – 240 grader Kelvin.

   – How many degrees is it outside? – 240 degrees Kelvin.

   • 1981, Ebba Grön, “800°C”, in Kärlek & uppror [Love & rebellion]‎^[5]:

     Vi fryser ihjäl. Det är så kallt. Stackars barn. Men snart blir det varmt. Ja, vi fryser ihjäl. Det är så kallt. Stackars barn. Men snart blir det varmt. Det blir 800 grader. Du kan lita på mig, du kan lita på mig. 800 grader. Du kan lita på mig, du kan lita på mig.

     We're freezing to death. It is so cold. Poor children. But soon it'll be warm. Yes, we're freezing to death. It is so cold. Poor children. But soon it'll be warm. It'll be 800 degrees. You can trust me, you can trust me. 800 degrees. You can trust me, you can trust me.

3. (geometry) degree (angular unit)

   Vinkeln är 11 grader

   The angle is 11 degrees

4. (geography) degree

   två grader öst

   two degrees east

5. (algebra) degree

   x² - 4x + 4 = 0 är en andragradsekvation / en ekvation av andra graden / en ekvation av grad 2

   x² - 4x + 4 = 0 is a quadratic equation / a second-degree equation / an equation of degree 2

7. grade, rank (especially in the military and academia)

   en officersgrad

   a grade of officer

   gradbeteckning

   rank insignia

   ha en doktorsgrad

   have a doctorate ("doctorate grade")

   stiga i graderna

   rise through the ranks (idiomatic, generally)

8. (cooking) A measurement of acetic acid, corresponding to 6 cl of a 24% solution or 12 cl of a 12% solution.
   • 2012 June 12, “Inlagd löksill [Pickled onion herring]”, in My little bakery‎^[6]:

     Lag: 3,5 dl vatten; 0,5 äggkopp salt; 1 grad ättika.

     Pickle: 3.5 dl water; 0.5 egg cup salt; 1 degree acetic acid.

   • 2017 November 14, Minna Wallén-Widung, “9 oväntade sätt att använda ättika på [9 unexpected ways to use acetic acid]”, in Allas‎^[7]:

     […] späd 2 grader ättika med vatten till 0,5 liter.

     […] dilute 2 degrees acetic acid with water to 0.5 liters.

• An academic degree is usually an examen. Grad is more rare and closer to "rank," in a sense extended to (higher) academic degrees.

• radian (“radian”)

• “grad”, in Svensk ordbok [Dictionary of Swedish] (in Swedish)
• “grad”, in Svenska Akademiens ordlista [Wordlist of the Swedish Academy] (in Swedish)
• “grad”, in Svenska Akademiens ordbok [Dictionary of the Swedish Academy] (in Swedish)

• drag