fredonner
French
Etymology
From fredon (“refrain”) + -er.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /fʁə.dɔ.ne/
Audio (France (Lyon)): (file) Audio (France (Lyon)): (file) Audio (France (Somain)): (file)
Verb
fredonner
- to hum (to make sound with lips closed)
- Tout en admirant la nature qui l'entourait, il fredonnait un air musical qui lui rappelait le bon vieux temps
- As he admired the nature that surrounded him, he hummed a tune that reminded him of the good old times
- 1962, Serge Gainsbourg, “Black Trombone”:
- Dieu pardonne / La mignonne / Qui fredonne / Dans mon lit
- (please add an English translation of this quotation)
Conjugation
Conjugation of fredonner (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| infinitive | simple | fredonner | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle or gerund1 | simple | fredonnant /fʁə.dɔ.nɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | fredonné /fʁə.dɔ.ne/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | fredonne /fʁə.dɔn/ |
fredonnes /fʁə.dɔn/ |
fredonne /fʁə.dɔn/ |
fredonnons /fʁə.dɔ.nɔ̃/ |
fredonnez /fʁə.dɔ.ne/ |
fredonnent /fʁə.dɔn/ |
| imperfect | fredonnais /fʁə.dɔ.nɛ/ |
fredonnais /fʁə.dɔ.nɛ/ |
fredonnait /fʁə.dɔ.nɛ/ |
fredonnions /fʁə.dɔ.njɔ̃/ |
fredonniez /fʁə.dɔ.nje/ |
fredonnaient /fʁə.dɔ.nɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | fredonnai /fʁə.dɔ.ne/ |
fredonnas /fʁə.dɔ.na/ |
fredonna /fʁə.dɔ.na/ |
fredonnâmes /fʁə.dɔ.nam/ |
fredonnâtes /fʁə.dɔ.nat/ |
fredonnèrent /fʁə.dɔ.nɛʁ/ | |
| future | fredonnerai /fʁə.dɔn.ʁe/ |
fredonneras /fʁə.dɔn.ʁa/ |
fredonnera /fʁə.dɔn.ʁa/ |
fredonnerons /fʁə.dɔn.ʁɔ̃/ |
fredonnerez /fʁə.dɔn.ʁe/ |
fredonneront /fʁə.dɔn.ʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | fredonnerais /fʁə.dɔn.ʁɛ/ |
fredonnerais /fʁə.dɔn.ʁɛ/ |
fredonnerait /fʁə.dɔn.ʁɛ/ |
fredonnerions /fʁə.dɔ.nə.ʁjɔ̃/ |
fredonneriez /fʁə.dɔ.nə.ʁje/ |
fredonneraient /fʁə.dɔn.ʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | fredonne /fʁə.dɔn/ |
fredonnes /fʁə.dɔn/ |
fredonne /fʁə.dɔn/ |
fredonnions /fʁə.dɔ.njɔ̃/ |
fredonniez /fʁə.dɔ.nje/ |
fredonnent /fʁə.dɔn/ |
| imperfect2 | fredonnasse /fʁə.dɔ.nas/ |
fredonnasses /fʁə.dɔ.nas/ |
fredonnât /fʁə.dɔ.na/ |
fredonnassions /fʁə.dɔ.na.sjɔ̃/ |
fredonnassiez /fʁə.dɔ.na.sje/ |
fredonnassent /fʁə.dɔ.nas/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | fredonne /fʁə.dɔn/ |
— | fredonnons /fʁə.dɔ.nɔ̃/ |
fredonnez /fʁə.dɔ.ne/ |
— | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
Further reading
- “fredonner”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012