expurger
French
Etymology
Borrowed from Latin expurgāre.
Pronunciation
Verb
expurger
- to expurgate
Conjugation
This is a regular -er verb, but the stem is written expurge- before endings that begin with -a- or -o- (to indicate that the -g- is a "soft" /ʒ/ and not a "hard" /ɡ/). This spelling change occurs in all verbs in -ger, such as neiger and manger.
Conjugation of expurger (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| infinitive | simple | expurger | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle or gerund1 | simple | expurgeant /ɛk.spyʁ.ʒɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | expurgé /ɛk.spyʁ.ʒe/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | expurge /ɛk.spyʁʒ/ |
expurges /ɛk.spyʁʒ/ |
expurge /ɛk.spyʁʒ/ |
expurgeons /ɛk.spyʁ.ʒɔ̃/ |
expurgez /ɛk.spyʁ.ʒe/ |
expurgent /ɛk.spyʁʒ/ |
| imperfect | expurgeais /ɛk.spyʁ.ʒɛ/ |
expurgeais /ɛk.spyʁ.ʒɛ/ |
expurgeait /ɛk.spyʁ.ʒɛ/ |
expurgions /ɛk.spyʁ.ʒjɔ̃/ |
expurgiez /ɛk.spyʁ.ʒje/ |
expurgeaient /ɛk.spyʁ.ʒɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | expurgeai /ɛk.spyʁ.ʒe/ |
expurgeas /ɛk.spyʁ.ʒa/ |
expurgea /ɛk.spyʁ.ʒa/ |
expurgeâmes /ɛk.spyʁ.ʒam/ |
expurgeâtes /ɛk.spyʁ.ʒat/ |
expurgèrent /ɛk.spyʁ.ʒɛʁ/ | |
| future | expurgerai /ɛk.spyʁ.ʒə.ʁe/ |
expurgeras /ɛk.spyʁ.ʒə.ʁa/ |
expurgera /ɛk.spyʁ.ʒə.ʁa/ |
expurgerons /ɛk.spyʁ.ʒə.ʁɔ̃/ |
expurgerez /ɛk.spyʁ.ʒə.ʁe/ |
expurgeront /ɛk.spyʁ.ʒə.ʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | expurgerais /ɛk.spyʁ.ʒə.ʁɛ/ |
expurgerais /ɛk.spyʁ.ʒə.ʁɛ/ |
expurgerait /ɛk.spyʁ.ʒə.ʁɛ/ |
expurgerions /ɛk.spyʁ.ʒə.ʁjɔ̃/ |
expurgeriez /ɛk.spyʁ.ʒə.ʁje/ |
expurgeraient /ɛk.spyʁ.ʒə.ʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | expurge /ɛk.spyʁʒ/ |
expurges /ɛk.spyʁʒ/ |
expurge /ɛk.spyʁʒ/ |
expurgions /ɛk.spyʁ.ʒjɔ̃/ |
expurgiez /ɛk.spyʁ.ʒje/ |
expurgent /ɛk.spyʁʒ/ |
| imperfect2 | expurgeasse /ɛk.spyʁ.ʒas/ |
expurgeasses /ɛk.spyʁ.ʒas/ |
expurgeât /ɛk.spyʁ.ʒa/ |
expurgeassions /ɛk.spyʁ.ʒa.sjɔ̃/ |
expurgeassiez /ɛk.spyʁ.ʒa.sje/ |
expurgeassent /ɛk.spyʁ.ʒas/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | expurge /ɛk.spyʁʒ/ |
— | expurgeons /ɛk.spyʁ.ʒɔ̃/ |
expurgez /ɛk.spyʁ.ʒe/ |
— | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
Related terms
Further reading
- “expurger”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012
Latin
Verb
expūrger
- first-person singular present passive subjunctive of expūrgō