etc.

etc.

See also: ETC and etc

English

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Middle English et cetera, etc., from Latin etc., an abbreviation of et cetera (and the rest [of the things]; and the other things).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˌɛt ˈsɛt.(ə.)ɹə/, /ɪt ˈsɛt.(ə.)ɹə/
    • Audio (US):(file)
  • IPA(key): (nonstandard, see usage notes) /ˌɛkˈsɛt.(ə.)ɹə/, /ɪkˈsɛt.(ə.)ɹə/
    • Audio (UK):(file)
  • (Philippines) IPA(key): /ʔeˈt͡ʃeteɾa/ [ʔɛtˌt͡ʃɛː.t̪ɛˈɾa]

Phrase

etc.

  1. Abbreviation of et cetera: and so on; used to note that the rest of a list or piece of information has been left out on the assumption that it is similar or already known.
    Synonyms: and so forth, and so on, and the rest, blah blah blah, et al., you name it, ... (ellipses)
    Coordinate terms: et sq., vel sim.
    The grocery shop sells cucumbers, lettuce, radishes, etc.
    I like video games of strategy (Civilization, SimCity, etc.) and speed (such as Neverball).

Usage notes

  • Etc. is typically read out as the full Latin phrase et cetera rather than as letters (as with i.e.) or as a contraction (as with et seq.). It is, however, sometimes read out as its English version and so on (as with e.g.).
  • In Latin, et cetera refers solely to other things. On that etymological basis, it is often proscribed in lists of people in favor of et al. (abbreviation of et alii). Et al. can also stand for the Latin et alia, which is a synonym of etc.
  • Since etc. effectively makes a list exhaustive, it is often proscribed when using other abbreviations (such as e.g. or viz.) that offer partial examples. If the etc. is desired, i.e. may be used in their places.
  • The pronunciation with a velar plosive /k/ sound in place of the alveolar /t/ in the first word is usually proscribed and somewhat stigmatized. It is rendered in eye dialect excetera, exetera, or ekcetera.

Translations

See also

Anagrams

Danish

Etymology

Abbreviation of et cetera.

Adverb

etc.

  1. etc.

Synonyms

Fala

Etymology

Probably borrowed from Spanish etc., itself an abbreviation of Latin et cētera.

Adverb

etc.

  1. etc. (and the rest; and so forth)
    • 2000, Domingo Frades Gaspar, Vamus a falal: Notas pâ coñocel y platical en nosa fala, Editora regional da Extremadura, Anexu: Nossa Fala:
      Por siglus, a xienti de capital (rica) i as mismas Instituciós (Iglexiia, Escuelas, Xiusticia, funcionarius, etc.) tiñan a fala cumu algo de ignorantis, atrasaus, vulgariai.
      For centuries, the people from the capital (rich) and the same institutions (Church, Schools, Justice, public servants, etc.) held Fala as something of ignorant people, backward people, vulgarity.

French

Alternative forms

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ɛt.se.te.ʁa/, (proscribed) /ɛk.se.te.ʁa/
  • (Quebec) IPA(key): /ɛt.se.te.ʁa/, (informal) /ɛt.ʃe.te.ʁa/
  • Audio (France (Lyon)):(file)
  • Audio (Switzerland (Valais)):(file)

Adverb

etc.

  1. et cetera (and so on)

Anagrams

German

Alternative forms

Pronunciation

Adverb

etc.

  1. etc.
    Synonym: usw.

Hungarian

Etymology

An abbreviation of Hungarian etcetera, from Latin et cetera (and the rest [of the things]; and the other things).

Pronoun

etc.

  1. etc.

Synonyms

Latin

Alternative forms

  • &c (dated, rare outside titles)
  • &c.

Adverb

etc.

  1. et cētera (and so forth)

Middle English

Phrase

etc.

  1. alternative form of et cetera

Polish

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈɛt ˈt͡sɛ.tɛ.ra/, /ˈɛt t͡sɛˈtɛ.ra/
  • Syllabification: [please specify syllabification manually]

Phrase

etc.

  1. abbreviation of et cetera; etc.

Further reading

  • etc.”, in Wielki słownik języka polskiego[1] (in Polish), Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
  • etc.”, in Polish dictionaries at PWN[2] (in Polish)

Portuguese

Alternative forms

Phrase

etc.

  1. abbreviation of et cetera

Further reading

Spanish

Alternative forms

Adverb

etc.

  1. abbreviation of etcétera

Swedish

Alternative forms

Adverb

etc.

  1. abbreviation of et cetera or etcetera