calmer
English
Pronunciation
- (UK) IPA(key): /ˈkɑːmə/
Audio (Southern England): (file) - (US, Canada) IPA(key): /ˈkɑmɚ/
- Rhymes: -ɑːmə(ɹ)
Etymology 1
Etymology tree
Noun
calmer (plural calmers)
- A person or thing that calms.
- Christ was the calmer of a storm on the Sea of Galilee.
Etymology 2
Adjective
calmer
Anagrams
French
Etymology
From calme + -er, or possibly from Italian calmare.
Pronunciation
Verb
calmer
Conjugation
Conjugation of calmer (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| infinitive | simple | calmer | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle or gerund1 | simple | calmant /kal.mɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | calmé /kal.me/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | calme /kalm/ |
calmes /kalm/ |
calme /kalm/ |
calmons /kal.mɔ̃/ |
calmez /kal.me/ |
calment /kalm/ |
| imperfect | calmais /kal.mɛ/ |
calmais /kal.mɛ/ |
calmait /kal.mɛ/ |
calmions /kal.mjɔ̃/ |
calmiez /kal.mje/ |
calmaient /kal.mɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | calmai /kal.me/ |
calmas /kal.ma/ |
calma /kal.ma/ |
calmâmes /kal.mam/ |
calmâtes /kal.mat/ |
calmèrent /kal.mɛʁ/ | |
| future | calmerai /kal.mə.ʁe/ |
calmeras /kal.mə.ʁa/ |
calmera /kal.mə.ʁa/ |
calmerons /kal.mə.ʁɔ̃/ |
calmerez /kal.mə.ʁe/ |
calmeront /kal.mə.ʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | calmerais /kal.mə.ʁɛ/ |
calmerais /kal.mə.ʁɛ/ |
calmerait /kal.mə.ʁɛ/ |
calmerions /kal.mə.ʁjɔ̃/ |
calmeriez /kal.mə.ʁje/ |
calmeraient /kal.mə.ʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | calme /kalm/ |
calmes /kalm/ |
calme /kalm/ |
calmions /kal.mjɔ̃/ |
calmiez /kal.mje/ |
calment /kalm/ |
| imperfect2 | calmasse /kal.mas/ |
calmasses /kal.mas/ |
calmât /kal.ma/ |
calmassions /kal.ma.sjɔ̃/ |
calmassiez /kal.ma.sje/ |
calmassent /kal.mas/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | calme /kalm/ |
— | calmons /kal.mɔ̃/ |
calmez /kal.me/ |
— | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
Derived terms
Further reading
- “calmer”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012