andula

andula

Zulu

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Verb

-andula?

  1. (intransitive) to start cultivating

Inflection

tone unknown (infinitive ukwandula)
positive negative
infinitive ukwandula ukunganduli
imperative
simple + object concord
singular yandula -andule
plural yandulani -anduleni
present
positive absolute positive relative positive participial negative absolute negative relative negative participial
1st singular ngiyandula, ngandula engandulayo, engandula ngandula anganduli enginganduli nginganduli
2nd singular uyandula, wandula owandulayo, owandula wandula awanduli onganduli unganduli
1st plural siyandula, sandula esandulayo, esandula sandula asanduli esinganduli singanduli
2nd plural niyandula, nandula enandulayo, enandula nandula ananduli eninganduli ninganduli
class 1 uyandula, wandula owandulayo, owandula andula akanduli onganduli enganduli
class 2 bayandula, bandula abandulayo, abandula bandula abanduli abanganduli benganduli
class 3 uyandula, wandula owandulayo, owandula wandula awanduli onganduli unganduli
class 4 iyandula, yandula eyandulayo, eyandula yandula ayanduli enganduli inganduli
class 5 liyandula, landula elandulayo, elandula landula alanduli elinganduli linganduli
class 6 ayandula, andula andulayo, andula andula awanduli anganduli enganduli
class 7 siyandula, sandula esandulayo, esandula sandula asanduli esinganduli singanduli
class 8 ziyandula, zandula ezandulayo, ezandula zandula azanduli ezinganduli zinganduli
class 9 iyandula, yandula eyandulayo, eyandula yandula ayanduli enganduli inganduli
class 10 ziyandula, zandula ezandulayo, ezandula zandula azanduli ezinganduli zinganduli
class 11 luyandula, lwandula olwandulayo, olwandula lwandula alwanduli olunganduli lunganduli
class 14 buyandula, bandula obandulayo, obandula bandula abanduli obunganduli bunganduli
class 15 kuyandula, kwandula okwandulayo, okwandula kwandula akwanduli okunganduli kunganduli
class 17 kuyandula, kwandula okwandulayo, okwandula kwandula akwanduli okunganduli kunganduli
recent past
positive absolute positive relative positive participial negative absolute negative relative negative participial
1st singular ngandulile, ngandulē engandulile, engandulē ngandulile, ngandulē angandulanga engingandulanga ngingandulanga
2nd singular wandulile, wandulē owandulile, owandulē wandulile, wandulē awandulanga ongandulanga ungandulanga
1st plural sandulile, sandulē esandulile, esandulē sandulile, sandulē asandulanga esingandulanga singandulanga
2nd plural nandulile, nandulē enandulile, enandulē nandulile, nandulē anandulanga eningandulanga ningandulanga
class 1 wandulile, wandulē owandulile, owandulē andulile, andulē akandulanga ongandulanga engandulanga
class 2 bandulile, bandulē abandulile, abandulē bandulile, bandulē abandulanga abangandulanga bengandulanga
class 3 wandulile, wandulē owandulile, owandulē wandulile, wandulē awandulanga ongandulanga ungandulanga
class 4 yandulile, yandulē eyandulile, eyandulē yandulile, yandulē ayandulanga engandulanga ingandulanga
class 5 landulile, landulē elandulile, elandulē landulile, landulē alandulanga elingandulanga lingandulanga
class 6 andulile, andulē andulile, andulē andulile, andulē awandulanga angandulanga engandulanga
class 7 sandulile, sandulē esandulile, esandulē sandulile, sandulē asandulanga esingandulanga singandulanga
class 8 zandulile, zandulē ezandulile, ezandulē zandulile, zandulē azandulanga ezingandulanga zingandulanga
class 9 yandulile, yandulē eyandulile, eyandulē yandulile, yandulē ayandulanga engandulanga ingandulanga
class 10 zandulile, zandulē ezandulile, ezandulē zandulile, zandulē azandulanga ezingandulanga zingandulanga
class 11 lwandulile, lwandulē olwandulile, olwandulē lwandulile, lwandulē alwandulanga olungandulanga lungandulanga
class 14 bandulile, bandulē obandulile, obandulē bandulile, bandulē abandulanga obungandulanga bungandulanga
class 15 kwandulile, kwandulē okwandulile, okwandulē kwandulile, kwandulē akwandulanga okungandulanga kungandulanga
class 17 kwandulile, kwandulē okwandulile, okwandulē kwandulile, kwandulē akwandulanga okungandulanga kungandulanga
remote past
positive absolute positive relative positive participial negative absolute negative relative negative participial
1st singular ngāndula engāndula ngāndula angandulanga engingandulanga ngingandulanga
2nd singular wāndula owāndula wāndula awandulanga ongandulanga ungandulanga
1st plural sāndula esāndula sāndula asandulanga esingandulanga singandulanga
2nd plural nāndula enāndula nāndula anandulanga eningandulanga ningandulanga
class 1 wāndula owāndula āndula akandulanga ongandulanga engandulanga
class 2 bāndula abāndula bāndula abandulanga abangandulanga bengandulanga
class 3 wāndula owāndula wāndula awandulanga ongandulanga ungandulanga
class 4 yāndula eyāndula yāndula ayandulanga engandulanga ingandulanga
class 5 lāndula elāndula lāndula alandulanga elingandulanga lingandulanga
class 6 āndula āndula āndula awandulanga angandulanga engandulanga
class 7 sāndula esāndula sāndula asandulanga esingandulanga singandulanga
class 8 zāndula ezāndula zāndula azandulanga ezingandulanga zingandulanga
class 9 yāndula eyāndula yāndula ayandulanga engandulanga ingandulanga
class 10 zāndula ezāndula zāndula azandulanga ezingandulanga zingandulanga
class 11 lwāndula olwāndula lwāndula alwandulanga olungandulanga lungandulanga
class 14 bāndula obāndula bāndula abandulanga obungandulanga bungandulanga
class 15 kwāndula okwāndula kwāndula akwandulanga okungandulanga kungandulanga
class 17 kwāndula okwāndula kwāndula akwandulanga okungandulanga kungandulanga
potential
positive absolute positive relative positive participial negative absolute negative relative negative participial
1st singular ngingandula — ngingandula ngingandule — ngingandule
2nd singular ungandula — ungandula ungandule — ungandule
1st plural singandula — singandula singandule — singandule
2nd plural ningandula — ningandula ningandule — ningandule
class 1 angandula — engandula angandule — engandule
class 2 bangandula — bengandula bangandule — bengandule
class 3 ungandula — ungandula ungandule — ungandule
class 4 ingandula — ingandula ingandule — ingandule
class 5 lingandula — lingandula lingandule — lingandule
class 6 angandula — engandula angandule — engandule
class 7 singandula — singandula singandule — singandule
class 8 zingandula — zingandula zingandule — zingandule
class 9 ingandula — ingandula ingandule — ingandule
class 10 zingandula — zingandula zingandule — zingandule
class 11 lungandula — lungandula lungandule — lungandule
class 14 bungandula — bungandula bungandule — bungandule
class 15 kungandula — kungandula kungandule — kungandule
class 17 kungandula — kungandula kungandule — kungandule
immediate future
positive absolute positive relative positive participial negative absolute negative relative negative participial
1st singular ngizokwandula engizokwandula ngizokwandula angizukwandula engingezukwandula ngingezukwandula
2nd singular uzokwandula ozokwandula uzokwandula awuzukwandula ongezukwandula ungezukwandula
1st plural sizokwandula esizokwandula sizokwandula asizukwandula esingezukwandula singezukwandula
2nd plural nizokwandula enizokwandula nizokwandula anizukwandula eningezukwandula ningezukwandula
class 1 uzokwandula ozokwandula ezokwandula akazukwandula ongezukwandula engezukwandula
class 2 bazokwandula abazokwandula bezokwandula abazukwandula abangezukwandula bengezukwandula
class 3 uzokwandula ozokwandula uzokwandula awuzukwandula ongezukwandula ungezukwandula
class 4 izokwandula ezokwandula izokwandula ayizukwandula engezukwandula ingezukwandula
class 5 lizokwandula elizokwandula lizokwandula alizukwandula elingezukwandula lingezukwandula
class 6 azokwandula azokwandula ezokwandula awazukwandula angezukwandula engezukwandula
class 7 sizokwandula esizokwandula sizokwandula asizukwandula esingezukwandula singezukwandula
class 8 zizokwandula ezizokwandula zizokwandula azizukwandula ezingezukwandula zingezukwandula
class 9 izokwandula ezokwandula izokwandula ayizukwandula engezukwandula ingezukwandula
class 10 zizokwandula ezizokwandula zizokwandula azizukwandula ezingezukwandula zingezukwandula
class 11 luzokwandula oluzokwandula luzokwandula aluzukwandula olungezukwandula lungezukwandula
class 14 buzokwandula obuzokwandula buzokwandula abuzukwandula obungezukwandula bungezukwandula
class 15 kuzokwandula okuzokwandula kuzokwandula akuzukwandula okungezukwandula kungezukwandula
class 17 kuzokwandula okuzokwandula kuzokwandula akuzukwandula okungezukwandula kungezukwandula
remote future
positive absolute positive relative positive participial negative absolute negative relative negative participial
1st singular ngiyokwandula engiyokwandula ngiyokwandula angiyukwandula engingeyukwandula ngingeyukwandula
2nd singular uyokwandula oyokwandula uyokwandula awuyukwandula ongeyukwandula ungeyukwandula
1st plural siyokwandula esiyokwandula siyokwandula asiyukwandula esingeyukwandula singeyukwandula
2nd plural niyokwandula eniyokwandula niyokwandula aniyukwandula eningeyukwandula ningeyukwandula
class 1 uyokwandula oyokwandula eyokwandula akayukwandula ongeyukwandula engeyukwandula
class 2 bayokwandula abayokwandula beyokwandula abayukwandula abangeyukwandula bengeyukwandula
class 3 uyokwandula oyokwandula uyokwandula awuyukwandula ongeyukwandula ungeyukwandula
class 4 iyokwandula eyokwandula iyokwandula ayiyukwandula engeyukwandula ingeyukwandula
class 5 liyokwandula eliyokwandula liyokwandula aliyukwandula elingeyukwandula lingeyukwandula
class 6 ayokwandula ayokwandula eyokwandula awayukwandula angeyukwandula engeyukwandula
class 7 siyokwandula esiyokwandula siyokwandula asiyukwandula esingeyukwandula singeyukwandula
class 8 ziyokwandula eziyokwandula ziyokwandula aziyukwandula ezingeyukwandula zingeyukwandula
class 9 iyokwandula eyokwandula iyokwandula ayiyukwandula engeyukwandula ingeyukwandula
class 10 ziyokwandula eziyokwandula ziyokwandula aziyukwandula ezingeyukwandula zingeyukwandula
class 11 luyokwandula oluyokwandula luyokwandula aluyukwandula olungeyukwandula lungeyukwandula
class 14 buyokwandula obuyokwandula buyokwandula abuyukwandula obungeyukwandula bungeyukwandula
class 15 kuyokwandula okuyokwandula kuyokwandula akuyukwandula okungeyukwandula kungeyukwandula
class 17 kuyokwandula okuyokwandula kuyokwandula akuyukwandula okungeyukwandula kungeyukwandula
present subjunctive
positive negative
1st singular ngandule nginganduli
2nd singular wandule unganduli
1st plural sandule singanduli
2nd plural nandule ninganduli
class 1 andule anganduli
class 2 bandule banganduli
class 3 wandule unganduli
class 4 yandule inganduli
class 5 landule linganduli
class 6 andule anganduli
class 7 sandule singanduli
class 8 zandule zinganduli
class 9 yandule inganduli
class 10 zandule zinganduli
class 11 lwandule lunganduli
class 14 bandule bunganduli
class 15 kwandule kunganduli
class 17 kwandule kunganduli
past subjunctive
positive negative
1st singular ngandula ngangandula, angandula, angangandula
2nd singular wandula wangandula, awandula, awangandula
1st plural sandula sangandula, asandula, asangandula
2nd plural nandula nangandula, anandula, anangandula
class 1 wandula wangandula, akandula, akangandula
class 2 bandula bangandula, abandula, abangandula
class 3 wandula wangandula, awandula, awangandula
class 4 yandula yangandula, ayandula, ayangandula
class 5 landula langandula, alandula, alangandula
class 6 andula angandula, awandula, awangandula
class 7 sandula sangandula, asandula, asangandula
class 8 zandula zangandula, azandula, azangandula
class 9 yandula yangandula, ayandula, ayangandula
class 10 zandula zangandula, azandula, azangandula
class 11 lwandula lwangandula, alwandula, alwangandula
class 14 bandula bangandula, abandula, abangandula
class 15 kwandula kwangandula, akwandula, akwangandula
class 17 kwandula kwangandula, akwandula, akwangandula

Derived terms

  • -andulela (applicative)
  • -andulisa (causative)
  • -andulwa (passive)
  • uMandulo

References

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