Chicago
English
Etymology
Etymology tree
From French Chécagou, a transcription of Miami šikaakwa (“wild leek, ramp, Allium tricoccum; striped skunk”), from Proto-Algonquian *šeka·kwa; compare Ojibwe zhigaagawanzh / zhigaagawinzh (“onion, leek”), zhigaag (“striped skunk”). Doublet of skunk.
Pronunciation
- (UK) IPA(key): /ʃɪˈkɑː.ɡəʊ/
- (US) IPA(key): /ʃɪˈkɑ.ɡoʊ/, /ʃɪˈkɔ.ɡoʊ/[1]
- (Canada) IPA(key): [ʃɪˈkä(ː).ɡo]
Audio (US): (file) Audio: (file) Audio (US): (file)
Proper noun
Chicago
- A large city, the county seat of Cook County, in northeastern Illinois, United States, located on Lake Michigan.
- Synonyms: (slang) Chi, (US, slang) Chiraq, (informal) Chi-Town, (US, informal) Hogtown, (vulgar, derogatory) Shitcago, (informal) The Windy City
- 1953 September 18, Saul Bellow, The Adventures of Augie March […], New York, N.Y.: The Viking Press, →OCLC, page 3:
- I am an American, Chicago born—Chicago, that somber city—and go at things as I have taught myself, free-style, and will make the record in my own way: first to knock, first admitted; sometimes an innocent knock, sometimes a not so innocent.
- 2014, Norm Macdonald Live, season 2, episode 7, Norm Macdonald (actor):
- Chicago is now #1 in murder and sausages. That sounds like my kind of town!
- 2025 January 26, Priscilla Alvarez, Rosa Flores, “Trump administration launches nationwide immigration enforcement blitz”, in CNN[5], archived from the original on 9 March 2025:
- Homan, who was on the ground in Chicago, maintained it was a “criminal operation.” Acting Deputy Attorney General Emil Bove was also in Chicago on Sunday to observe immigration enforcement operations.
Usage notes
- In Chicago-related contexts, the word Chicago is often used to refer to certain attributes conventionally associated with the city, such as being tough and hearty, bustling and diverse, or ruthless and corrupt.[5][6][7]
Derived terms
- Chi
- Chicagoan
- Chicago atomizer
- Chicago blues
- Chicago Boy
- Chicago dog
- Chicagoese
- Chicagoesque
- Chicago Heights
- Chicagoland
- Chicago lightning
- Chicago overcoat
- Chicago piano
- Chicago pizza
- Chicago principles
- Chicago Protocol
- Chicagorilla
- Chicago school
- Chicago screw
- Chicago style
- Chicago-style
- Chicago-style hot dog
- Chicago style pizza
- Chicago-style relish
- Chicago typewriter
- Chicongo
- Chimpcago
- Chimpcongo
- Chiraq
- Chisox
- Chi-Town
- East Chicago
- North Chicago
- Port Chicago
- Shitcago
- South Chicago
Translations
large US city
|
References
- ^ Krapp, George Philip (1925), The English Language in America[1], volume II, New York: Century Co. for the Modern Language Association of America, →OCLC, page 49.
- ^ “Dialects Of Illinois, Chicago samples 3 and 6”, in (Please provide the book title or journal name)[2], 21 August 2012 (last accessed), archived from the original on 21 August 2012
- ^ Chicago Mayor Rahm Emanuel's pronunciation of the city's name
- ^ Chicago Mayor Richard Daley's pronunciation of the city's name
- ^ “Welcome Back, Amphitheatre”, in Chicago Tribune, 7 December 1987, page 20: “And, in a uniquely Chicago way, it was host for a perpetual, cosmopolitan feast of sights, sounds and smells.”
- ^ Vincent M. Lizzo (22 April 1994), “City of Rain”, in Chicago Reader[3]: “Some of our real police-type deputies set up a deal on him and took him down in just two days. A very Chicago kind of crime, complete with a moral: the police don't tolerate outsiders messing on their turf.”
- ^ Elizabeth Canning Blackwell (2004), Frommer's Portable Chicago[4], 4th edition, →ISBN, page 81: “Heavy, filling and very Chicago, Mr. Beef really hops during lunchtime, when dusty construction workers and suit-wearing businessmen crowd in for their meaty fix.”
Further reading
- Chicago on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
- Fort Chécagou on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
Catalan
Etymology
Pronunciation
Proper noun
Chicago m
- Chicago (a large city in Illinois, United States)
Czech
Etymology
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈʃɪkaːɡo]
- IPA(key): [ˈt͡ʃɪkaːɡo]
- Rhymes: -aːɡo
Proper noun
Chicago n (relational adjective chicagský)
- Chicago (a large city in Illinois, United States)
Declension
Declension of Chicago (sg-only velar neuter)
| singular | |
|---|---|
| nominative | Chicago |
| genitive | Chicaga |
| dative | Chicagu |
| accusative | Chicago |
| vocative | Chicago |
| locative | Chicagu |
| instrumental | Chicagem |
Further reading
- “Chicago”, in Kartotéka Novočeského lexikálního archivu (in Czech)
- “Chicago”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
Dutch
Etymology
Borrowed from English Chicago.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˌʃiˈkaː.ɡoː/, /ˌtʃiˈkaː.ɡoː/
- Hyphenation: Chi‧ca‧go
Proper noun
Chicago n
- Chicago (a large city in Illinois, United States)
Finnish
Etymology
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈʃikɑɡo/, [ˈʃikɑ̝ɡo̞]
- Rhymes: -ʃikɑɡo
Proper noun
Chicago
- Chicago (US metropolis)
Declension
| Inflection of Chicago (Kotus type 1/valo, no gradation) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | Chicago | — | |
| genitive | Chicagon | — | |
| partitive | Chicagoa | — | |
| illative | Chicagoon | — | |
| singular | plural | ||
| nominative | Chicago | — | |
| accusative | nom. | Chicago | — |
| gen. | Chicagon | ||
| genitive | Chicagon | — | |
| partitive | Chicagoa | — | |
| inessive | Chicagossa | — | |
| elative | Chicagosta | — | |
| illative | Chicagoon | — | |
| adessive | Chicagolla | — | |
| ablative | Chicagolta | — | |
| allative | Chicagolle | — | |
| essive | Chicagona | — | |
| translative | Chicagoksi | — | |
| abessive | Chicagotta | — | |
| instructive | — | — | |
| comitative | See the possessive forms below. | ||
| Possessive forms of Chicago (Kotus type 1/valo, no gradation) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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French
Etymology
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ʃi.ka.ɡo/
Audio (France (Vosges)): (file) Audio (Canada (Shawinigan)): (file) - Rhymes: -o
- Hyphenation: Chi‧ca‧go
Proper noun
Chicago f (demonym Chicagoan or Chicagolais)
- Chicago (a large city in Illinois, United States)
German
Alternative forms
Etymology
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ʃiˈkaːɡo/, (by hypercorrection also) /tʃiˈkaːɡo/
Proper noun
Chicago n (proper noun, genitive Chicagos or (optionally with an article) Chicago)
- Chicago (a major city in Illinois, United States)
Hungarian
Etymology
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [ˈt͡ʃikaːɡoː]
- Hyphenation: Chi‧ca‧go
- Rhymes: -ɡoː
Proper noun
Chicago
- Chicago (a large city in Illinois, United States)
Declension
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | Chicago | — |
| accusative | Chicagót | — |
| dative | Chicagónak | — |
| instrumental | Chicagóval | — |
| causal-final | Chicagóért | — |
| translative | Chicagóvá | — |
| terminative | Chicagóig | — |
| essive-formal | Chicagóként | — |
| essive-modal | — | — |
| inessive | Chicagóban | — |
| superessive | Chicagón | — |
| adessive | Chicagónál | — |
| illative | Chicagóba | — |
| sublative | Chicagóra | — |
| allative | Chicagóhoz | — |
| elative | Chicagóból | — |
| delative | Chicagóról | — |
| ablative | Chicagótól | — |
| non-attributive possessive – singular |
Chicagóé | — |
| non-attributive possessive – plural |
Chicagóéi | — |
| possessor | single possession | multiple possessions |
|---|---|---|
| 1st person sing. | Chicagóm | — |
| 2nd person sing. | Chicagód | — |
| 3rd person sing. | Chicagója | — |
| 1st person plural | Chicagónk | — |
| 2nd person plural | Chicagótok | — |
| 3rd person plural | Chicagójuk | — |
Derived terms
- chicagói
Italian
Etymology
Borrowed from English, from Miami šikaakwa (“wild leek, ramp; striped skunk”), via the French transcription Chécagou.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /t͡ʃiˈka.ɡo/, (careful style) */ʃiˈka.ɡo/[1]
- Rhymes: -aɡo
- Hyphenation: Chi‧cà‧go
Proper noun
Chicago f
References
- ^ Chicago in Luciano Canepari, Dizionario di Pronuncia Italiana (DiPI)
Portuguese
Etymology
Borrowed from English Chicago.
Pronunciation
- (Brazil) IPA(key): /ʃiˈka.ɡu/
- (Southern Brazil) IPA(key): /ʃiˈka.ɡo/
- (Portugal) IPA(key): /ʃiˈka.ɡu/ [ʃiˈka.ɣu]
- (Northern Portugal) IPA(key): /t͡ʃiˈka.ɡu/ [t͡ʃiˈka.ɣu]
- Rhymes: -aɡu
- Hyphenation: Chi‧ca‧go
Proper noun
Chicago f (demonym chicaguense)
- Chicago (a large city, the county seat of Cook County, in northeastern Illinois, United States, located on Lake Michigan)
- Synonym: Cidade dos Ventos
Slovak
Etymology
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ʃikaːɡɔ/, [ˈʃikaːɡɔ]
- Rhymes: -aːɡɔ
Proper noun
Chicago n (genitive singular Chicaga, declension pattern of mesto)
- Chicago (a city in Illinois, United States)
References
- “Chicago”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2003–2026
Spanish
Etymology
Borrowed from English Chicago.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /t͡ʃiˈkaɡo/ [t͡ʃiˈka.ɣ̞o]
- IPA(key): /ʃiˈkaɡo/ [ʃiˈka.ɣ̞o] (less common, imitating English pronunciation)
- Rhymes: -aɡo
- Syllabification: Chi‧ca‧go
Proper noun
Chicago f (demonym chicaguense)
- Chicago (a large city, the county seat of Cook County, in northeastern Illinois, United States, located on Lake Michigan)
Tatar
Proper noun
Chicago
- nonstandard spelling of Çikago (“Chicago (a large city in Illinois, United States)”)
- 2005 March 2, “AQŞ mäxkämäse: xökümät terrorda şiklänelgän keşene qanunsız räweştä törmädä tota”, in Azatlıq radiosı[6]:
- Ä Padilla Chicago hava mäydanına kilep töşkäç qulğa alınğan ide.
- (please add an English translation of this quotation)
- 2005 March 18, “Kürenekle uyğır dissidentı Rabiğä Qadıyr Quşma Ştatlarğa kilde”, in Azatlıq radiosı[7]:
- Comğağa qarşı töndä Qıtaydan ğailäse yäşägän Chicago şähärenä yul totqanda, […]
- (please add an English translation of this quotation)
Declension
| nominative | Chicago |
|---|---|
| genitive | Chicagonıñ |
| dative | Chicagoga |
| accusative | Chicagonı |
| locative | Chicagoda |
| ablative | Chicagodan |